LOCAL PLANNING AND ZONING AN AIRPORTS PROTECTOR? Y our - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

LOCAL PLANNING AND ZONING – AN AIRPORT’S PROTECTOR?

2009 APA IN Fall Conference October 21, 2009

Y

• ur Presenters:

§ Cynthia Bowen, AICP

, LEED AP

Director of Planning & Urban Design RW Armstrong

§ Bradley Johnson, AICP

Principal Planner/President Ground Rules, Inc.

Aviation is a critical link to the local, state and national transportation

• system. However, one of the major

challenges aviation faces today is the encroachment of incompatible land use development near or around airports.

Washington State Department of Transportation

2009 APA IN Fall Conference October 21, 2009

TODAY’S PRESENTATION

What Will Y

• u Learn From Today’

s Session

§ Why airports are important to your

community

§ What are common issues planners have to

address in regards to airports

§ How to incorporate airports compatibility

into your comprehensive plan and zoning

• rdinance

§ What state and federal laws say about

planning for airports

2009 APA IN Fall Conference October 21, 2009

AIRPORT PLANNING OVERVIEW

Benefits to the Community

§ Economic development § Transportation

infrastructure

§ Safety § Quality of life § Increase property values § Establish public

expectations

§ Protect major public

investment/avoid cost to relocate

Benefits to the Airport

§ Pilot and passenger safety § Preserve safety areas § Reduce development obstacles § Reduce complaints and remonstration § Tie all transportation elements together § Promote compatible and catalyst uses § Opportunity to educate § Protection for future expansion § Maximize resources for airport vitality

Common Planning Issues

§ Encroachment of incompatible land uses § Tax status issues § Tall structures near airports § Wildlife management § Surface water § Outdoor lighting

Metro Airport – Town of Fishers

Monticello

§ Airport

Planning Zones

New Braunfels, TX

§ New

infrastructure provides new

• pportunities

for development

Planning Tools

§ These tools can offer significant protection of

aviation interests:

œ Comprehensive Plan œ Thoroughfare Plans œ Zoning Ordinances

§ They can address:

œ Encroachment œ Migratory birds œ Tall structures œ Noise abatement œ Etc.

2009 APA IN Fall Conference October 21, 2009

STATE & FEDERAL LA WS

Zoning and Its Relation to Airports

œNational Association of State Aviation Officials

(NASAO) Surveys were sent to aviation officials in all 50 states plus

Puerto Rico and Guam as part of a 2004 land use study. Of the 77 percent responding to the survey 100% reported residential use next to airports in their state, 82.5% reported tall structures located in the vicinity of airports and 95% of those officials indicated that incompatible development was a serious concern in their

• state. Not surprisingly the two primary concerns were

residential development and tall structures.

Efforts By Other States

œ California first enacted legislation to provide for airport land use commissions in 1967. Since that time California has lead the way in managing airport compatibility issues. œ Washington and Oregon have followed suit and enacted laws empowering, and in some cases requiring, local jurisdictions to enact airport compatibility zoning. œ Most states have enacted some kind of aviation compatibility “zoning,” however, many are limited to regulating the height of structures and not land uses.

Building Blocks of Airport Land Use Compatibility Zoning

Other Law s and Regulations Studies and Statistics FAA Advisory Circulars State Law

Illustration by Ground Rules, Inc.

Current Indiana State Laws

§ IC 8-22-2-9 Boards of Aviation § IC 8-22-3-14 Airport Authorities § IC 8-21-10 Tall Structures Act § All of the above focus primarily on height-

restriction zoning, not land use

§ Basis in Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR)

Part 77 for height restriction laws

FAA Advisory Circulars

œTerm “Advisory” is misleading; some are

mandatory for grant-in-aid airports

œAC 150/5200-33A Hazardous Wildlife Attractants

On or Near Airports

œAC 150/52200-34 Construction of Land Fills Near

Public Airports

œAC 150/5300-13 Airport Design

œUniversity of California at Berkeley

Transportation Institute study on general aviation accidents in relation to runway Statistical modeling of accident frequency and

relative location per NTSB reports

Basis for delineating zones and regulating land use

within them

œBird-Aircraft Strike Hazard (BASH) œTransportation Statistics (NTSB)

Studies and Statistics

Other Laws and Regulations

œAs noted earlier, some federal laws can act as a

basis for the adoption of local laws (FAR Part 77)

œOther states have adopted laws that address

aviation land-use compatibility. Not binding in Indiana but can serve as supporting

basis for local laws

2009 APA IN Fall Conference October 21, 2009

PLANNING PROCESS

Airport Layout Plan & Master Plan

§ Location § Character § Protection and Safety

Zones

§ Dimensions § Details of the airport § Work to be done

AI RPORT

Airport Strategic Plan Process

2009 APA IN Fall Conference October 21, 2009

CASE STUDY : PLAINFIELD, INDIANA

What do you look for when planning for an airport?

§ Presence of incompatible uses § Intensity of incompatible uses § Transportation facilities § Future uses regarding airside and

landside development

Case Study: Plainfield, Indianan

Existing Land Use Map

Environmental Map

Airport Property Map

Noise Zone

Future Land Use Map

Transportation Map

2009 APA IN Fall Conference October 21, 2009

ZONING FOR AIRPORTS

Importance of Ordinances to Airports

§ Boone County, Indiana

œSimilar to many state ordinances œSpecial exception granted in 60’s œAirport desired to expand œSchool and residential developed around airport in

90’s

œLand use conflicts

Zoning and Subdivision Control

§ Manages setbacks and height limitations § Regulates intensity and types of land uses § Regulates the subdivision of land § Protects again conflicting land uses

2009 APA IN Fall Conference October 21, 2009

CASE STUDY : DEKALB COUNTY

AP-1: District for On-site Development

AP-2 : District for On-site Development

AP-3 : District for Contiguous Site Development

Adjacent District Matrix

DeKalb County Airport Compatibility Overlay

œComplements existing Airport Zoning Districts;

addresses additional compatibility issues

œAddresses necessary restrictions that apply to

properties within 5 statute miles from the airport

œBuilt as a series of adjoining zones with unique

regulations to cover areas having different issues/concerns

Creating “Safety Compatibility” Zones (Based on

CA Airport Land Use Planning Handbook)

Creating “Safety Compatibility” Zones (based on

CA Airport Land Use Planning Handbook)

Runway 9-27 Compatibility Zones Proposed Runway 4-22

Creating “Safety Compatibility” Zones (based on

CA Airport Land Use Planning Handbook)

Creating “Safety Compatibility” Zones (based on

CA Airport Land Use Planning Handbook)

Creating Wildlife Mitigation Zones

Based on AC 1200’ – Limits on small # of uses 5000’ – Serving Piston Aircraft 10000’ – Serving Turbine Aircraft 5 mi. – Review of proposed development

Combining Compatibility & Wildlife Mitigation Zones

As it Looks in the Ordinance

As it Looks in the Ordinance

As it Looks in the Ordinance

2009 APA IN Fall Conference October 21, 2009

INVOL VING AIRPORTS

Opportunities for Involvement

œDialogue with airport director and airport

board

œSeat at the table for the update to your plan or

• rdinance

œProvide for airport review of pending

developments in and around airport

œSupport/promote aviation related laws œUnderstand/know local and pertinent federal

aviation laws

What can you do as a planner:

œReview existing ordinances and plans and update

them if they don’t adequately address airport compatibility

œKnow and understand airport planning language

(airside, through the fence operations, ALP , etc.)

œLook at updating law and ordinances

Strengthen Indiana Tall Structures Act Enact local airspace overlay zoning and land use

compatibility zoning

2009 APA IN Fall Conference October 21, 2009

FUTURE OF AIRPORTS

What does the future hold…

œPlanning for airports is drying up locally due to

Indiana tax issues

œPotential of VLJ’s to change commercial airline

practices

œCurrent “operations” at airports is down œCentral Indiana has many GA airports and the

Airport Authority may consider the closure of some airports

2009 APA IN Fall Conference October 21, 2009

QUESTION & ANSWERS

Contact Information

§ Cynthia Bowen, AICP

Director of Planning & Urban Design RW Armstrong 300 South Meridian Street Indianapolis, Indiana 46225 317.780.7244 cbowen@rwa.com

§ Bradley Johnson, AICP

Principal Planner/President Ground Rules, Inc. 1455 W. Oak Street, Suite C Zionsville, Indiana 46077 (317) 733-3535 bjohnson@groundrulesinc.com