Leslie N. Sturmer Leslie N. Sturmer University of Florida - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Leslie N. Sturmer Leslie N. Sturmer University of Florida - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Leslie N. Sturmer Leslie N. Sturmer University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service Charles M Adams Charles M Adams Charles M. Adams Charles M. Adams University of Florida Food and

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SLIDE 1

Leslie N. Sturmer Leslie N. Sturmer University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service Charles M Adams Charles M Adams Charles M. Adams Charles M. Adams University of Florida Food and Resource Economics Department University of Florida Food and Resource Economics Department John E. Supan John E. Supan L i i St t U i it Offi f S G t D l t L i i St t U i it Offi f S G t D l t Louisiana State University Office of Sea Grant Development Louisiana State University Office of Sea Grant Development

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SLIDE 2

Florida Hard Clam Aquaculture Florida Hard Clam Aquaculture q Development Development

  • Industry developed

Industry developed rapidly over past rapidly over past decade due to: decade due to: decade due to: decade due to:

– Successful job Successful job retraining programs for retraining programs for fi h fi h fishermen fishermen – Excellent leasing Excellent leasing program & regulatory program & regulatory g g g g framework framework – Almost year Almost year-

  • round

round growing conditions growing conditions growing conditions growing conditions

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SLIDE 3

Florida Hard Clam Aquaculture Florida Hard Clam Aquaculture q Status Status

  • 450 small

450 small-

  • scale

scale growout businesses growout businesses located on over 1700 located on over 1700 located on over 1700 located on over 1700 acres of state acres of state-

  • owned
  • wned

submerged lands submerged lands

  • $16M farm gate sales

$16M farm gate sales reported for 1999 reported for 1999 $34M i $34M i

  • $34M economic

$34M economic impact estimated for impact estimated for 1999 1999 1999 1999

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SLIDE 4

Florida Hard Clam Aquaculture Florida Hard Clam Aquaculture q Production, 1987 Production, 1987 -

  • 1999*

1999*

99 134 125 150 duced 43 99 75 100 ms Prod illions) 2 6 9 38 43 25 50

  • . of Cla

(mi 2 6 9 No 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 S Y Survey Year

*Source: Florida Aquaculture Surveys, Florida Agricultural Statistics Service, 1988 - 2000

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SLIDE 5

Florida Hard Clam Aquaculture Florida Hard Clam Aquaculture q Seed Plantings, 1988 Seed Plantings, 1988 -

  • 2000*

2000*

306 422 400 500 ntings 170 306 228 285 200 300 Seed Plan millions) 16 24 47 37 69 88 87 118 100 200

  • No. of S

(m 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 S Y Survey Year

*Source: Florida Aquaculture Surveys, Florida Agricultural Statistics Service, 1990 - 2000

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SLIDE 6

Application of Remote Setting Techniques Application of Remote Setting Techniques pp g q pp g q Rationale Rationale

  • Adequate seed availability

Adequate seed availability a major industry concern a major industry concern

  • Critical seed shortages in

Critical seed shortages in g recent years coupled with recent years coupled with increased prices increased prices

  • Growers become less

Growers become less Growers become less Growers become less dependent upon traditional dependent upon traditional seed sources seed sources

  • Greater chance of success

Greater chance of success Greater chance of success Greater chance of success by incorporating another by incorporating another step into existing step into existing businesses businesses businesses businesses

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SLIDE 7

Florida Land Florida Land-

  • Based Clam Nurseries

Based Clam Nurseries Status Status

  • About 90 nurseries

About 90 nurseries

  • perational statewide
  • perational statewide
  • Simple in design and

Simple in design and

  • peration
  • peration
  • 1 mm seed obtained

1 mm seed obtained from hatcheries from hatcheries d t fi ld d t fi ld nursed to a field nursed to a field plantable size of 4 plantable size of 4-

  • 6

6 mm SL mm SL mm SL mm SL

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SLIDE 8

Florida Land Florida Land-

  • Based Clam Nurseries

Based Clam Nurseries Status Status

  • Lowers initial seed

Lowers initial seed cost cost

  • Added costs of

Added costs of

  • Added costs of

Added costs of equipment, electricity, equipment, electricity, and labor and labor

  • Increases availability

Increases availability

  • f seed
  • f seed
  • Helps alleviate seed

Helps alleviate seed shortages shortages

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SLIDE 9

Remote Setting Techniques Remote Setting Techniques g q g q Status Status

  • Established in Pacific

Established in Pacific Northwest during 1970s Northwest during 1970s P ifi t P ifi t – Pacific oyster Pacific oyster – Manila clam Manila clam

  • C

t t di li C t t di li

  • Competent pediveliger

Competent pediveliger larvae mass produced larvae mass produced in hatcheries in hatcheries atc e es atc e es

  • Shipped to growers for

Shipped to growers for setting at “remote” setting at “remote” locations locations

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SLIDE 10

Application of Remote Setting Techniques Application of Remote Setting Techniques pp g q pp g q Objectives Objectives

  • Determine feasibility of transferring remote

Determine feasibility of transferring remote setting technology from Pacific Northwest setting technology from Pacific Northwest molluscan shellfish industry to hard clam molluscan shellfish industry to hard clam y aquaculture industry in Florida aquaculture industry in Florida

  • D

l d d t t t h i l d D l d d t t t h i l d

  • Develop and demonstrate technical procedures

Develop and demonstrate technical procedures for remote setting of hard clams for remote setting of hard clams

  • Compare costs to nursery operation of producing

Compare costs to nursery operation of producing 1 mm clam seed in a remote set facility as 1 mm clam seed in a remote set facility as

  • pposed

to purchasing 1 mm seed from

  • pposed

to purchasing 1 mm seed from

  • pposed to purchasing 1 mm seed from
  • pposed to purchasing 1 mm seed from

hatchery hatchery

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SLIDE 11

Clam Pediveliger Larvae Clam Pediveliger Larvae g Hatchery Production Hatchery Production

  • Pediveligers obtained

Pediveligers obtained from commercial from commercial hatcheries hatcheries hatcheries hatcheries

– 1 out 1 out-

  • of
  • f-
  • state

state – 2 in 2 in-

  • state

state

  • Competency

Competency determined by determined by

– Size (150 Size (150-220 µm) 220 µm) Size (150 Size (150 220 µm) 220 µm) – Presence of foot Presence of foot – Activity Activity

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SLIDE 12

Clam Pediveliger Larvae Clam Pediveliger Larvae g Preparation and Shipment Preparation and Shipment

  • Screened on 130 µm sieve

Screened on 130 µm sieve

  • Volumetrically subsampled

Volumetrically subsampled and counted and counted and counted and counted

  • Placed on shipping

Placed on shipping material material moist coffee filte s moist coffee filte s – moist coffee filters moist coffee filters – paper towels paper towels

  • Refrigerated (45

Refrigerated (45° °F) for 2 F) for 2-

  • 3

3 g ( g ( ) hours hours

  • Packaged in shipping box

Packaged in shipping box with gel packs with gel packs with gel packs with gel packs

  • Shipped overnight

Shipped overnight

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SLIDE 13

Remote Setting Facility Remote Setting Facility Remote Setting Facility Remote Setting Facility

  • Components:

Components:

  • Components:

Components: – Fiberglass Fiberglass tank tank tank tank

  • 250 gallons

250 gallons

– Sand filter Sand filter – Bag filters Bag filters

  • 25 µm

25 µm 00 00

  • 100 µm

100 µm

– Aeration Aeration Airlift pumps Airlift pumps – Airlift pumps Airlift pumps

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SLIDE 14

Remote Setting Facility Remote Setting Facility Remote Setting Facility Remote Setting Facility

  • Downweller sizes

Downweller sizes

  • Downweller sizes

Downweller sizes (24” diameter): (24” diameter):

– 120 µm

120 µm 200 µm 200 µm – 200 µm 200 µm – 425 µm 425 µm – 710 µm 710 µm

  • Sieve sizes:

Sieve sizes: – 230 µm 230 µm – 500 µm 500 µm µ – 780 µm 780 µm

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SLIDE 15

Remote Setting Field Trials Remote Setting Field Trials g Florida Locations Florida Locations

New Smyrna Beach New Smyrna Beach (NSB) (NSB) Cedar Key Cedar Key Merritt Island Merritt Island Hatchery Hatchery Cedar Key Cedar Key (CK) (CK) Hatchery Hatchery (HAT) (HAT)

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SLIDE 16

Remote Setting Field Trials Remote Setting Field Trials Procedures Procedures

  • Stocking:

Stocking: g

– 3M PVs per tank, or 1M per 3M PVs per tank, or 1M per weller (350/cm weller (350/cm2 of screen)

  • f screen)
  • Flow rates:

Flow rates:

– Water: 2 Water: 2-

  • 5 gpm

5 gpm – Airlifts: 1 Airlifts: 1-

  • 2 lpm

2 lpm

  • Cleaning:

Cleaning:

  • Cleaning:

Cleaning:

– Seed and tank: daily Seed and tank: daily – Backflush filter: 1 Backflush filter: 1-

  • 2x daily

2x daily Change bag filters: 1 Change bag filters: 1 2x 2x – Change bag filters: 1 Change bag filters: 1-2x 2x daily daily – Wellers: 2x weekly Wellers: 2x weekly

  • Sieving

Sieving

  • Sieving

Sieving:

– Weekly Weekly

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SLIDE 17

Remote Setting Field Trials Remote Setting Field Trials Measurements Measurements

  • Water Quality:

Water Quality:

  • Water Quality:

Water Quality: – Temperature: daily Temperature: daily – Salinity: daily Salinity: daily y y y y – Chlorophyll Chlorophyll a a: 2x weekly : 2x weekly

  • Sieving:

Sieving: – Volume by sizes: weekly Volume by sizes: weekly – Estimate of seed Estimate of seed > >780 µm 780 µm size: weekly size: weekly size: weekly size: weekly

  • Operation & Maintenance:

Operation & Maintenance: – Man Man-

  • hours

hours

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SLIDE 18

Remote Setting Field Trials Remote Setting Field Trials g Spring 2000 Spring 2000

Site Site Dates Dates Days Days Management Management Ship Ship Feed Feed Site Site Dates Dates Days Days Ship Ship (hrs) (hrs) Feed Feed M 12 M 12 Algal Paste Algal Paste NSB NSB May 12 May 12 – – Jun 22 Jun 22 41 41 22 22 Algal Paste Algal Paste None None CK1 CK1 May 12 May 12 – – Jul 8 Jul 8 57 57 26 26 Algal Paste Algal Paste None None

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SLIDE 19

Remote Setting Field Trials Remote Setting Field Trials g Water Quality Water Quality – – Spring 2000 Spring 2000

Site Site Min Temp Min Temp Max Temp Max Temp Salinity Salinity Chlor Chlor a a p (oF) F) p (oF) F) y (ppt) (ppt) (µg/l) (µg/l) 76 5 76 5 ± 85 3 85 3 ± 35 2 35 2 ± NSB NSB 76.5 76.5 ± 2.3 2.3 85.3 85.3 ± 2.9 2.9 35.2 35.2 ± 1.7 1.7 5.7 5.7 ± ± 3.8 3.8 76 7 76 7 ± 81 7 81 7 ± 29 3 29 3 ± 11 7 11 7 ± CK1 CK1 76.7 76.7 ± 2.6 2.6 81.7 81.7 ± 2.6 2.6 29.3 29.3 ± 2.9 2.9 11.7 11.7 ± 6.0 6.0

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SLIDE 20

Remote Setting Field Trials Remote Setting Field Trials g Sieve Results Sieve Results – – Spring 2000 Spring 2000

750 ed

501

500 1mm See 000) Week 8 Week 6

187 281

250

  • . of ≥ 1

(x10 Week 6 Week 4 No

NSB NSB Algal Paste Algal Paste CK1 CK1 Algal Paste Algal Paste CK1 CK1 Unfed Unfed NSB NSB Unfed Unfed Algal Paste Algal Paste 22 Hrs 22 Hrs Algal Paste Algal Paste 26 Hrs 26 Hrs Unfed Unfed 26 Hrs 26 Hrs Unfed Unfed 22 Hrs 22 Hrs

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SLIDE 21

Remote Setting Field Trials Remote Setting Field Trials g Production Results Production Results -

  • Spring 2000

Spring 2000

Site Site Management Management Survival to Survival to 1st

st Sieve*

Sieve* ≥1mm Seed ≥1mm Seed Production Production Ship Ship Feed Feed Site Site (%) (%) (%) (%) Ship Ship (hrs) (hrs) Feed Feed Algal Paste Algal Paste 47 47 6 NSB NSB 22 22 Algal Paste Algal Paste 47 47 6 None None 39 39 Algal Paste Algal Paste 77 77 17 17 CK1 CK1 26 26 Algal Paste Algal Paste 77 77 17 17 None None 50 50 9 9

*NSB = Day 21 CK1 = Day 28

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SLIDE 22

Remote Setting Field Trials Remote Setting Field Trials Spring 2001 Spring 2001

Site Site Dates Dates Days Days Management Management Ship Ship Feed Feed (hrs) (hrs)

HAT HAT Apr25 Apr25– –Jul5 Jul5 72 72 Live Algae Live Algae HAT HAT Live Algae Live Algae Apr26 Apr26– –Jul5 Jul5 71 71 20 20 NSB NSB Apr26 Apr26– –Jun14 Jun14 50 50 2 2 Algal Paste Algal Paste NSB NSB Algal Paste Algal Paste Apr26 Apr26– –Jun14 Jun14 49 49 20 20 CK1 CK1 Ap 26 Ap 26 J l6 J l6 72 72 20 20 Algal Paste Algal Paste CK1 CK1 Apr26 Apr26–Jul6 Jul6 72 72 20 20 None None

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SLIDE 23

Remote Setting Field Trials Remote Setting Field Trials g Water Quality Water Quality -

  • Spring 2001

Spring 2001

Site Site Min Temp Min Temp (oF) F) Max Temp Max Temp (oF) F) Salinity Salinity (ppt) (ppt) Chlor Chlor a a (µg/l) (µg/l) (oF) F) (oF) F) (ppt) (ppt) (µg/l) (µg/l) NSB NSB 71 9 71 9 ± 1 8 1 8 77 4 77 4 ± 5 7 5 7 37 6 37 6 ± 2 5 2 5 8 4 8 4 ± 6 0 6 0 NSB NSB 71.9 71.9 ± 1.8 1.8 77.4 77.4 ± 5.7 5.7 37.6 37.6 ± 2.5 2.5 8.4 8.4 ± 6.0 6.0 CK1 CK1 75.5 75.5 ± ± 5.7 5.7 83.4 83.4 ± ± 5.3 5.3 28.0 28.0 ± ± 2.3 2.3 9.4 9.4 ± ± 3.0 3.0

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SLIDE 24

Remote Setting Field Trials Remote Setting Field Trials g Sieve Results Sieve Results -

  • Spring 2001

Spring 2001

2000 2500 ed

2146 1613 1621

1500 2000 1mm See 000) Week 10 Week 8 Week 7

1613 1621 933

500 1000

  • No. of ≥1

(x10 Week 7 Week 6 Week 4

532 436

N

HAT HAT 0 H 0 H HAT HAT 20 H 20 H NSB NSB 2 H 2 H NSB NSB 20 H 20 H CK1 CK1 20 H 20 H CK1 CK1 20 H 20 H 0 Hrs 0 Hrs Live Live 20 Hrs 20 Hrs Live Live 2 Hrs 2 Hrs Paste Paste 20 Hrs 20 Hrs Paste Paste 20 Hrs 20 Hrs Paste Paste 20 Hrs 20 Hrs Unfed Unfed

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SLIDE 25

Remote Setting Field Trials Remote Setting Field Trials g Production Results Production Results -

  • Spring 2001

Spring 2001

Management Management Site Site Management Management Survival to Survival to 1st

st Sieve*

Sieve* (%) (%) ≥1mm Seed ≥1mm Seed Production Production (%) (%) Ship Ship Feed Feed (%) (%) (%) (%) (hrs) (hrs) HAT HAT Live Algae Live Algae

  • 71

71 HAT HAT Live Algae Live Algae 20 20

  • 54

54 NSB NSB 2 Algal Algal 67 67 18 18 NSB NSB Paste Paste 20 20 50 50 15 15 Algal Algal P t P t 65 65 54 54 CK1 CK1 20 20 Paste Paste None None 58 58 25 25

*NSB, CK1 = Day 16

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SLIDE 26

Remote Setting Field Trials Remote Setting Field Trials g Fall 2001 Fall 2001

Site Site Dates Dates Da s Da s Management Management Shi Shi F d F d Site Site Dates Dates Days Days Ship Ship (hrs) (hrs) Feed Feed 20 20 Al l Al l NSB NSB Sep18 Sep18 – – Oct15 Oct15 37 37 20 20 Algal Algal Paste Paste 20 20 Li Al Li Al 20 20 Live Algae Live Algae CK2 CK2 Sep18 Sep18 – – Nov3 Nov3 56 56 20 20 Algal Algal Paste Paste

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SLIDE 27

Remote Setting Field Trials Remote Setting Field Trials g Sieve Results Sieve Results -

  • Fall 2001

Fall 2001

1500 ed

1218

1000 mm See 00) Week 8 Week 6

668 396

500 . of ≥1m (x100 Week 5 Week 4

396

No.

NSB NSB NSB NSB CK2 CK2 NSB NSB 20 Hrs 20 Hrs Algal Paste Algal Paste NSB NSB 20 Hrs 20 Hrs Live Algae Live Algae CK2 CK2 20 Hrs 20 Hrs Algal Paste Algal Paste

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SLIDE 28

Remote Setting Field Trials Remote Setting Field Trials g Production Results Production Results -

  • Fall 2001

Fall 2001

Site Site Management Management Survival to Survival to 1st

st Sieve*

Sieve* ≥1mm Seed ≥1mm Seed Production Production Ship Ship Feed Feed Site Site 1st

st Sieve*

Sieve* (%) (%) Production Production (%) (%) Ship Ship (hrs) (hrs) Feed Feed

NSB NSB 20 20 Algal Paste Algal Paste 70 70 13 13 Live Algae Live Algae 83 83 22 22 Live Algae Live Algae 83 83 22 22 CK2 CK2 20 20 Algal Paste Algal Paste 88 88 41 41

*NSB Da 23 *NSB = Day 23 CK2 = Day 12

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SLIDE 29

Remote Setting Field Trials Remote Setting Field Trials g Water Quality Water Quality – – Fall 2001 Fall 2001

Site Site Min Temp Min Temp ( ) Max Temp Max Temp ( ) Salinity Salinity ( ) ( ) Chlor Chlor a a ( /l) ( /l) (oF) F) (oF) F) (ppt) (ppt) (µg/l) (µg/l)

NSB NSB 73.7 73.7 ± ± 3.4 3.4 80.1 80.1 ± ± 4.0 4.0 26.6 26.6 ± ± 1.6 1.6

  • CK2

CK2 69.3 69.3 ± ± 6.0 6.0 78.7 78.7 ± ± 6.1 6.1 27.4 27.4 ± ± 2.31 2.31 15.2 15.2 ± ± 5.4 5.4

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SLIDE 30

Remote Setting Technology Remote Setting Technology g gy g gy Economic Analysis Economic Analysis

  • Production assumptions

Production assumptions for remote setting system for remote setting system

– One One-tank system tank system One One tank system tank system – Two runs per year Two runs per year – Stocking density Stocking density 3 000 000 per run 3 000 000 per run ~3,000,000 per run ~3,000,000 per run – Supplemental feeding Supplemental feeding with algal paste with algal paste 37% t 1 i 37% t 1 i – 37% to 1 mm size per run 37% to 1 mm size per run

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SLIDE 31

Initial Capital Investment Requirements Initial Capital Investment Requirements p q p q One One-

  • Tank Remote Setting System

Tank Remote Setting System

Item Item Cost Cost Fiberglass tank (250 gal) w/ support & plumbing Fiberglass tank (250 gal) w/ support & plumbing $475 $475 S d filt S d filt $200 $200 Sand filter Sand filter $200 $200 Bag filters and adapter Bag filters and adapter $122 $122 Air compressor w/ plumbing & accessories Air compressor w/ plumbing & accessories $360 $360 g Wellers Wellers $1,020 $1,020 Sieves Sieves $120 $120 Dissecting scope Dissecting scope $400 $400 Dissecting scope Dissecting scope $400 $400 Refractometer Refractometer $165 $165 Miscellaneous supplies Miscellaneous supplies $145 $145 TOTAL TOTAL $3 007 $3 007 TOTAL TOTAL $3,007 $3,007

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SLIDE 32

One & Two Annual Runs Operating Costs One & Two Annual Runs Operating Costs p g p g One One-

  • Tank Remote Setting System

Tank Remote Setting System

Item Item Units/Run Units/Run $/Unit $/Unit Runs per Year Runs per Year One One Two Two $ $ $ Algae paste Algae paste 1 L 1 L $145/L $145/L $145 $145 $290 $290 Filter sand Filter sand 100 lbs 100 lbs $5 / 50 lbs $5 / 50 lbs $10 $10 $20 $20 Filte g a el Filte g a el 25 lbs 25 lbs $5 / 50 lbs $5 / 50 lbs $3 $3 $6 $6 Filter gravel Filter gravel 25 lbs 25 lbs $5 / 50 lbs $5 / 50 lbs $3 $3 $6 $6 Air valves Air valves 15 15 $1 ea $1 ea $15 $15 $30 $30 Air stones Air stones 50 50 $0 55 ea $0 55 ea $28 $28 $56 $56 Air stones Air stones 50 50 $0.55 ea $0.55 ea $28 $28 $56 $56 Airline tubing Airline tubing 100’ coil 100’ coil $13/coil $13/coil $13 $13 $26 $26 TOTAL TOTAL $214 $214 $428 $428 TOTAL TOTAL $214 $214 $428 $428

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SLIDE 33

Cost Budget Cost Budget g One One-

  • Tank Remote Setting System

Tank Remote Setting System

Runs per Year Runs per Year Item Item Units/Run Units/Run $/Unit $/Unit Runs per Year Runs per Year One One Two Two Larvae Larvae 3 million 3 million $125/million $125/million $375 $375 $750 $750 Supplies Supplies $214 $214 $428 $428 Labor Labor 104 hrs 104 hrs $5.15/hr $5.15/hr $536 $536 $1,072 $1,072 Electricity Electricity 403 KwH 403 KwH $0 085/KwH $0 085/KwH $34 $34 $68 $68 Electricity Electricity 403 KwH 403 KwH $0.085/KwH $0.085/KwH $34 $34 $68 $68 Depreciation Depreciation $938 $938 $938 $938 TOTAL COST TOTAL COST $2,097 $2,097 $3,256 $3,256 TOTAL COST TOTAL COST $2,097 $2,097 $3,256 $3,256 1 mm seed produced (37%l) 1 mm seed produced (37%l) 1,110K 1,110K 2,220K 2,220K Cost / 1000 seed (w/ labor) Cost / 1000 seed (w/ labor) $1.88 $1.88 $1.47 $1.47 Cost / 1000 seed (w/o labor) Cost / 1000 seed (w/o labor) $1.41 $1.41 $0.97 $0.97 Cost / 1000 seed to purchase Cost / 1000 seed to purchase $3.00 $3.00 $3.00 $3.00

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SLIDE 34

Application of Remote Setting Techniques Application of Remote Setting Techniques pp g q pp g q Summary Summary

  • Hard clam pediveliger

Hard clam pediveliger larvae refrigerated and larvae refrigerated and shipped up to 26 hours shipped up to 26 hours pp p pp p without detrimental without detrimental effects effects

  • Setting success not fully

Setting success not fully Setting success not fully Setting success not fully determined, but survival determined, but survival estimated at first sieve estimated at first sieve exceeded 50%, ranging exceeded 50%, ranging exceeded 50%, ranging exceeded 50%, ranging 53 53 -

  • 80% per rearing trial

80% per rearing trial

  • Production to a 1 mm

Production to a 1 mm seed size averaged 20% seed size averaged 20% seed size averaged 20%, seed size averaged 20%, ranging 8 ranging 8 -

  • 28% per

28% per rearing trial rearing trial

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SLIDE 35

Application of Remote Setting Techniques Application of Remote Setting Techniques pp g q pp g q Summary Summary

  • Variability of results due

Variability of results due to seed source, site to seed source, site location, and season location, and season

  • Addition of food (cultured

Addition of food (cultured algae or algal paste) algae or algal paste) necessary to achieve necessary to achieve necessary to achieve necessary to achieve adequate survival to 1 adequate survival to 1 mm seed size mm seed size

  • Technical procedures for

Technical procedures for

  • Technical procedures for

Technical procedures for remote setting hard remote setting hard clams were developed clams were developed and are not beyond the and are not beyond the and are not beyond the and are not beyond the capabilities of most capabilities of most nursery operators nursery operators

slide-36
SLIDE 36

Application of Remote Setting Techniques Application of Remote Setting Techniques pp g q pp g q Summary Summary

  • Potential cost savings based

Potential cost savings based

  • Potential cost savings based

Potential cost savings based

  • n $3.00/1,000 1 mm seed:
  • n $3.00/1,000 1 mm seed:

– One run per year One run per year

  • 37% with labor

37% with labor 37% with labor 37% with labor

  • 53% without labor

53% without labor – Two runs per year Two runs per year

  • 51% with labor

51% with labor 51% with labor 51% with labor

  • 67% without labor

67% without labor

  • Remote setting of hard clams

Remote setting of hard clams may be viable alternative may be viable alternative ay be ab e a te at e ay be ab e a te at e from a cost perspective from a cost perspective

slide-37
SLIDE 37

Acknowledgements Acknowledgements Acknowledgements Acknowledgements

Industry Cooperators Industry Cooperators -

  • Hatcheries

Hatcheries:

– Sea Sea-

  • Ag, Vero Beach, FL

Ag, Vero Beach, FL – Sea Perfect, Charleston, SC Sea Perfect, Charleston, SC – Southern Sea Cross Farms, Merritt Island, FL Southern Sea Cross Farms, Merritt Island, FL

I d t C t I d t C t N i N i Industry Cooperators Industry Cooperators -

  • Nurseries

Nurseries:

– Big ‘T’ Clam Farm, Cedar Key, FL Big ‘T’ Clam Farm, Cedar Key, FL Cedar Creek Shellfish Farms New Smyrna Beach Cedar Creek Shellfish Farms New Smyrna Beach – Cedar Creek Shellfish Farms, New Smyrna Beach, Cedar Creek Shellfish Farms, New Smyrna Beach, FL FL – Cedar Key Raceways, Cedar Key, FL Cedar Key Raceways, Cedar Key, FL y y , y, y y , y,

slide-38
SLIDE 38

F d d B F d d B Funded By: Funded By: