Legume pod borer Maruca vitrata www.iita.org A member of CGIAR - - PDF document

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Maruca vitrata

Legume pod borer

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Cowpea IPM and capacity development

Proposal development grant from BMGF

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Banana – staple food in East Africa

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Banana Xanthomonas Wilt

Bacterial disease

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BXW – affects almost all cultivars

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• Over-expression of genes* from sweet pepper provide

enhanced resistance

• Transgenic banana evaluated under confined field trial in

Uganda

Tripathi et al. 2010 Molecular Plant Pathology Namukwaya et al. 2012 Transgenic Research Nature News 2010 Nature Biotech News 2011

BXW resistance

*Hypersensitive Response Assisting Protein (Hrap) Plant Ferredoxin Like Protein (Pflp)

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CNN: Earth’s Frontiers

On high demand

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Line Disease severity (0-5) Resistance (%) Flowering

• No. of Days

Bunch Weight (kg) INU11211-02 100 298 8.5 INU11211-03 100 303.6 10 INU11211-04 100 309 8.5 INU11211-06 100 278 8.8 INU11211-16 100 311 8 INU11211-26 100 297 8 INU11211-29 100 333 9.7 Non-transgenic 5 313 8.1 INU11212-11 100 300 8.7 INU11212-13 100 335 7.8 INU11212-17 100 320 7 INU11212-18 100 300 5.2 INU11212-22 100 345 12.7

12 lines showed absolute resistance in field for 3 generations

GM banana fruits No internal symptoms

BXW

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Confined GM field tests in Uganda

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www.iita.org Plot level functions Full sun monocrop Shade tree monocrop Banana / food intercrop Polyculture system Forest system Yield quantity Yield quality External input use Nutrient recycling Production risks Plantation life Food security CC adaptation Carbon stock Ecological services

light color = low → dark color = high

Climate change adaptation

Trade-offs in perennial-based systems - Coffee in Rwanda

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Policy change: Mono-coffee => banana-coffee intercropping

Climate change adaptation

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Systems research

Africa Rising –

Research In Sustainable Intensification for the Next Generation USAIDs flagship R4D program on sustainable agricultural intensification in SSA Mali, Ghana, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Ethiopia 2011-2016 Yearly budget: 6.4 million USD

Integrated systems for the humid tropics

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CGIAR Research Program Portfolio

Nr CRP Lead by 1.1 Integrated production systems in dry areas ICARDA 1.2 Integrated systems for the humid tropics IITA 1.3 Aquatic agricultural systems WorldFish 2 Policies, institutions and markets (PIM) IFPRI 3.1 Wheat CIMMYT 3.2 Maize CIMMYT 3.3 GRiSP - A global rice science partnership IRRI 3.4 Roots, tubers and bananas (RTB) CIP 3.5 Grain legumes ICRISAT 3.6 Dryland cereals ICRISAT 3.7 Meat, milk and fish ILRI 4 Agriculture for nutrition and health (A4NH) IFPRI 5 Water, land and ecosystems (WLE) IWMI 6 Forests, trees and agroforestry CIFOR 7 Climate change, agriculture, food security (CCAFS) CIAT

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IITA CRP portfolio

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Humidtropics (30%) MAIZE (14%) RTB (28%) Grain Legumes (12%)

Total budget 2013: USD +80 million

A4NH (7%) WLE (4%) PIM (2%) CCAFS (2%) Genebanks (2%)

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New opportunities for improved livelihoods in a sustainable environment

Humidtropics

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3 billion hectares of land 2.9 billion people High proportion of poor smallholder farmers

The humid tropics

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High potential

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High risk

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ecological / human potential

GAP

productivity / livelihood standards

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ecological / human potential productivity / livelihood standards

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Unlocking the potential

• Humidtropics as key

Integrated systems approach…

People Partnerships Production systems Innovation Policies Markets Crops & livestock Livelihoods Food system Institutions…

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West Africa humid lowlands East and Central Africa humid highlands Central Mekong Central America and Caribbean Cross-cutting Themes

Provide opportunities for improved livelihoods in a sustainable environment for smallholders in the humid tropics

Tier 1

Sustainable Intensification Systems Innovation Women & Youth Empowerment Livelihoods Improvement

Productivity Nutrition Environment Gender

Innovation

Income

Flagship Projects IDOs SOs

Tier 2

West Africa Moist Savanna Southern Africa Moist Savanna Northern Andes Transect Indonesian Humid Lowlands

Programmatic Framework

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West Africa humid lowlands East and Central Africa humid highlands Central Mekong Central America and Caribbean Cross-cutting Themes

Provide opportunities for improved livelihoods in a sustainable environment for smallholders in the humid tropics

Tier 1

Sustainable Intensification Systems Innovation Women & Youth Empowerment Livelihoods Improvement

Productivity Nutrition Environment Gender

Innovation

Income

Flagship Projects IDOs SOs

Tier 2

West Africa Moist Savanna Southern Africa Moist Savanna Northern Andes Transect Indonesian Humid Lowlands

Programmatic Framework

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2: 2017 1: 2012 3: 2020

Action Areas/Flagship projects

Representative and capture diversity Urgent need for large-scale impacts Advance earlier investments/projects Build on existing and potential partnerships

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System innovation trajectories

Ecosystem sustainability

Livelihood status

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Systems Innovations

9 (Geels, 2004)

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Humidtropics – in practice

• Situation analysis => entry points (crop, farming system, market, policy…)
• People => partnerships, R4D/innovation platforms
• Integrated systems thinking => trade offs, interactions
• Multi disciplinary & multi institutional => communication & joint learning

=> synergies

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East and Central African Highlands

• 78 million people, mainly smallholder

farmers

• 29 million hectares
• Population average 263 persons/km2
• Potential in terms of water, soils, and

human resources

• High poverty levels: 36% earning less

than US $1.25 / day

• Food insecurity
• High levels of child malnutrition

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Agricultural components

East-DR Congo Rwanda

Natural resource status Food security and cash crops

Banana Beans Cassava Maize Coffee

Livestock Diversity – crops, livestock, NRM status, etc

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Market functions

Socio-technical regime

Policy environment

• Prov. Min. of Agric.,

Sud-Kivu, DR Congo Website of MoA Rwanda Coffee-banana system

Service delivery

DR Congo Kenya Diversity – services, policy, markets, etc

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Entry points for system improvement

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Action Area meeting, Bukavu, May 2013

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Bukavu Action Site

• Integrated management of

soil and water

• Diversification of crops for

improved nutrition

• Multi-purpose agroforestry
• Crop-livestock integration

Kenya Action Site

• Striga elimination
• Cassava intensification and

diversification

• Legume integration
• Animal enterprises

Entry points for system improvement

Action Area meeting, Bukavu, May 2013

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Collaborations and partnerships

– CGIAR Centers

– IITA, ICRAF, ILRI, CIAT, Bioversity, IWMI

– Non-CGIAR partners

– AVRDC, Wageningen University, icipe, FARA

– Advanced Research Institutes

– Cirad, CSIRO, SLU…

– National research institutions – Development organizations – Farmer organizations

(Fund Council: W1&2 – 65% to CGIAR partners, 35% to non-CGIAR partners)

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Collaboration with other CRPs

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Approach for impact

• Quality of research
• Research for development (R4D)
• Close collaboration with partners

– National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS) – Regional organisations (CORAF, ASARECA, FARA) – Farmers and farmers’ organisations – Private companies – Universities and research institutes – Donors – Development organisations

• Capacity development
• Gender mainstreaming

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Gender

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Mainstreaming Gender in R4D

Gender Sensitive Interventions Female Farmers Activities Gender Disaggregated Data Gender in Society

Management, Leadership and Participation Equity Weak current status of gender equity Gender Equity Strategy Development Gender Awareness Action Improved status of gender equity

Better control over inputs (time, money, land) and benefits

Research Implementation Issues

Gender Impact Pathway

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Collecting gender disaggregated data

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Youth in agribusiness program

Goal: Self employment based on R4D training at IITA

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Youth corps members

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What we do

• Maize seed
• Soybean
• Plantain and Banana

suckers multiplication

• Cassava root and stems

The selected crops were chosen because of their high demand and current market values

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• Nigeria produces only 6% of the seeds we

consume

• In a bid to bridge this gap, we are involved

in the production of high yielding and good quality planting materials:

• Bio-fortified Pro-vitamin A cassava
• Pro-vitamin A maize
• Banana and plantain
• Soybean

What we do

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Future plan

• To expand our production
• Creation of agribusiness in Nigeria and other

African countries

• To be trainer of trainers
• To become independent and self employed in

agriculture (e.g. as consultants collaborating with private sectors interested, both processing and seed)

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Capacity development

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Graduate training undertaken in 2012

_________________________________________ Graduate students carried over from 2011 _________________________________________

M F Total PhD 36 10 46 MSc 29 11 40 BSc 2 2 Total 67 21 88 Capacity development

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Graduate training undertaken in 2012

___________________________________________ Graduate students recruited ___________________________________________ M F Total PhD 17 8 25 MSc 28 18 46 BSc 19 9 28

Total 64 35 99 Capacity development

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Group training activities in 2012 161 courses

131 locations 2731 females 7380 males Capacity development

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Business Incubation Platform

By dealing with the research to commercialization gap, IITA strengthens its impact delivery

Research park concept

Align research activities with market needs Increasing visibility Facilitate training and technology transfer Manage PPP initiatives and attract private and public funding Creation of synergies and bringing new knowledge Basic and applied research Commercialization

• f research outputs

Research Development Commercialization Farmers

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IITA BIP

Bridge between research and dissemination

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AFLASAFE RHIZOTECH GOSEED

farm households input products production & management post-harvest handling product marketing & processing sales & consumption

AGRISERVE Training & Advisory Consultancies

Crop Improvement Plant Health & Production Natural Resource Management Social Science Agribusiness

foundation seed & seed system development legume inoculants Aspergillus displacement & food safety ID clients test & refine adoption packages product safety improve profits brand & promote

Business Incubation Platform

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Aflasafe factory under construction Capacity: 5 tons/hour or 4 000 ha/shift

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MAIZE: Aflatoxin reduction (%) Stage 2009 2010 2011 Harvest 82 94 83 Storage 92 93 x

Results from 382

• n-farm trials

71% and 52% carry-over of inoculum 1 & 2 years after application

Non-toxigenic fungi outcompete the toxigenic

PEANUT: Aflatoxin reduction (%) Stage 2009 2010 2011 Harvest

• 95

82 Storage 100 80 x

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11 million Africans out of poverty 7.5 million hectares of land into sustainable use

Vision of success - 2020

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Strategy for measuring progress is being developed

• Poverty reduction – Social science team
• Sustainable land use – NRM team

Vision of success - 2020

11 million Africans out of poverty 7.5 million hectares of land into sustainable use

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Thank you

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Thank you