KENT Marine Reef Salt 1 KENT salt origin Differently from other - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
NEWA is proud to present: KENT Marine Reef Salt 1 KENT salt origin Differently from other types of salt, KENT Marine Reef does not derive from the sea water evaporation. It comes from the American salt mines known as Louisiana salt
NEWA is proud to present:
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Differently from other types of salt, KENT Marine Reef does not derive from the sea water evaporation. It comes from the American salt mines known as “Louisiana salt domes” which are found mainly in the form of large deposits formed by the evaporation of prehistoric saltwater lakes or seas.
KENT salt origin
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The rocks that surround the dome salt are composed predominantly of clay: an extremely compact and therefore impermiable to water material . This allows to conserv the salt and protect it from dilution by the underground water.
Quality preservation
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Sodium Chloride is
if indirect extraction. It consists in water injection into the ground, which rises back to the surface in the form of saturated brackish water with a purity of 99,98% (salt for food use).
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Quality preservation
This “humid culture” process is followed by the evaporation of the water used for the extraction. In this way the obtained salt is perfectly dry, has white iridescent colour and crystals of exceptionally small size.
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Quality preservation
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Scale: 5.5X
In fact during the touch analysis, unlike other salt on the market, Kent Marine Reef seems more like a fine dust made of crystals of different sizes and types. The view through the microscope confirms this thesis.
Quality preservation
Visual description
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The intrinsic features make KENT Marine Reef a salt with extremely high solubiltity: the obtained solution is transparent with no deposits on the bottom of the vessel.
Solution: Osmotic water Solution: Osmotic water +KM salt (dilution) Solution: Osmotic water +KM salt (after 2 minutes) Solution: Osmotic water +KM salt (after 5 minutes)
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Clearness test: Several minutes after diluting, the water appears clear and transparent.
Visual description
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Deposits evaluation: One hour after the dissolving, there are no deposits found on
Visual description
Features of KM salt production
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The obtained results are due to the high quality of the raw
essential key element. All the chemical elements added to the Sodium Chloride derive from the US and have the quality of the pharmaceutical level. (analytical grade of 99% and more). The incorrect quantity, heavy metals and organic substances have an immediate effect on the purity of the salt, increasing the biological load. This can be seen from the sediments that leave oily yeallow-brown residues around the vessel used for mixing.
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equation with no carbonate precipitation
nitrates and phosphates
elements despite the differencies in density of the used materials. The target is to obtain the salt with superior characteristic which can guarantee:
Features of KM salt production
Salt by evaporation Vs. salt by extraction
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The use of sea water to produce a mixture of salt is not an
just think of the presence of flocks
flamingos), micro-algae, invertebrates and insects (shrimp and brine flies).
This adds polutants to the salt
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The process of transferring the salt water through different tanks, has the target to precipitate the minerals which have different density (calcium, magnesium and sodium bicarbonate) These elements will be added after the evaporation.
Salt by evaporation Vs. salt by extraction
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Potential presence of such chemical pollutants as hydrocarbons or pesticides. This is not possible in the salt obtained by extraction due the age of deposits that were formed many years ago.
Salt by evaporation Vs. salt by extraction
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Salinity and major ions in the salt
The salinity of the sea water (generally 3.5%) is constituted by a mix of dissolved salts which are indicated in the table below.
(source: Karl K. Turekian: Oceans. 1968. Prentice-Hall)
Element ppm Element ppm Element ppm Element ppm
Hydrogen H2O 110,00 Ruthenium Ru 0,0000007 Scandium Sc <0,000004 Dysprosium Dy 0,00000091 Oxygen H2O 883,00 Rhodium Rh . Titanium Ti 0,001 Holmium Ho 0,00000022 Sodium NaCl 10,80 Palladium Pd . Vanadium V 0,0019 Erbium Er 0,00000087 Chlorine NaCl 19,40 Argentum (silver) Ag 0,00028 Chromium Cr 0,0002 Thulium Tm 0,00000017 Magnesium Mg 1,290 Cadmium Cd 0,00011 Manganese Mn 0,0004 Ytterbium Yb 0,00000082 Sulfur S 904 Indium In . Ferrum (Iron) Fe 0,0034 Lutetium Lu 0,00000015 Potassium K 392 Stannum (tin) Sn 0,00081 Cobalt Co 0,00039 Hafnium Hf <0,000008 Calcium Ca 411 Antimony Sb 0,00033 Nickel Ni 0,0066 Tantalum Ta <0,0000025 Bromine Br 67,30 Tellurium Te . Copper Cu 0,0009 Tungsten W <0,000001 Helium He 0,0000072 Iodine I 0,064 Zinc Zn 0,005 Rhenium Re 0,0000084 Lithium Li 0,17 Xenon Xe 0,000047 Gallium Ga 0,00003 Osmium Os . Beryllium Be 0,0000006 Cesium Cs 0,0003 Germanium Ge 0,00006 Iridium Ir . Boron B 4,450 Barium Ba 0,021 Arsenic As 0,0026 Platinum Pt . Carbon C 28,00 Lanthanum La 0,0000029 Selenium Se 0,0009 Aurum (gold) Au 0,000011 Nitrogen ion 15,50 Cerium Ce 0,0000012 Krypton Kr 0,00021 Mercury Hg 0,00015 Fluorine F 13,00 Praesodymium Pr 0,00000064 Rubidium Rb 0,12 Thallium Tl . Neon Ne 0,00012 Neodymium Nd 0,0000028 Strontium Sr 8,1 Lead Pb 0,00003 Aluminium Al 0,001 Samarium Sm 0,00000045 Yttrium Y 0,000013 Bismuth Bi 0,00002 Silicon Si 2,9 Europium Eu 0,0000013 Zirconium Zr 0,000026 Thorium Th 0,0000004 Phosphorus P 0,088 Gadolinium Gd 0,0000007 Niobium Nb 0,000015 Uranium U 0,0033 Argon Ar 0,45 Terbium Tb 0,00000014 Molybdenum Mo 0,001 Plutonimu Pu .
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The percentage of ions in sea water
The major salt ions which make 99,9%
the following:
55,035 30,590 7,680 3,680 1,180 1,110 0,410 0,190 0,080 0,040 0,003
Chloride Cl Sodium Na Sulfate SO4 Magnesium Mg Calcium Ca Potassium K Bicarbonate HCO3 Bromide Br Borate BO3 Strontium Sr Fluoride F
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… while the concentration (ppm) of salt ions which make 99,9% of sea water, is the following:
Chloride Cl Sodium Na Sulfate SO4 Magnesium Mg Calcium Ca Potassium K Bicarbonate HCO3 Bromide Br Borate BO3 Strontium Sr Fluoride F
5000 10000 15000 20000 25000
Chloride Cl Sodium Na Sulfate SO4 Magnesium Mg Calcium Ca Potassium K Bicarbonate HCO3 Bromide Br Borate BO3 Strontium Sr Fluoride F Serie1 19345 10752 2701 1295 416 390 145 66 27 13 1
The percentage of ions in sea water
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Comparison among the main salt brands present on the market
Natural sea water Aquarium System Reef Crystal Kent - Sea Salt Red Sea - Coral Pro Salt Tropic Marin - Pro Reef Seachem - Reef salt Aqua Medic - Reef Salt Korallen Zucht - Reef Best Salt ATI - Coral Ocean Plus
Salinity(ppt)
35,50 34,00 34,00 35,00 35,00 33,00 36,00 35,00 38,00
pH
8,00 8,29 7,84 8,13 8,21 8,07 9,09 8,07 8,28
Ammoniunm (NH4) ml/l
0,001 0,00067 0,00033 0,00167 0,01 not tested not tested not tested
Nitrite(NO2) ml/l
0,002 0,002 0,002 0,00167 0,001 not tested not tested not tested
Nitrate NO3) ml/l
0,63333 0,13667 0,15333 0,21000 0,05 0,03000 0,03000 0,03000
Phosfate(PO4) ppm
0,0133 0,0067 0,0233 0,0233 0,02 0,03 not tested not tested
Hardness(Kh)
10,00 8,18 9,88 6,18 9,80 9,83 8,03 8,35 8,73
Calcium (Ca) ppm
416,00 378,83 461,43 447,44 398,57 454,83 365,00 405,00 500,80
Magnesium (Mg)ppm
1295,00 1099,60 1205,57 1388,30 1357,27 1313,60 1077,50 1111,65 1485,00
Oxygen (O2) ppm
7,00 4,00 4,66 6,00 8,00 7,33 5,33 4,00 2,66
Iodine(I) ppm
0,064 0,0060 0,0060 0,0060
Strontium (Sr) ppm
8,00 2,66 2,66 8,00 10,00 2,66 4,00 2,66 2,66
The following table highlights the comparison between the values of sea water (source: Dr J Floor Anthoni (2000, 2006) www.seafriends.org.nz/oceano/seawater.htm) and the medium values obtained through Salifert, Elos tests , as well as the values taken from this source: AquariumWaterTesting.com and www.praticalfishkeeping.co.uk)
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Eau du mer naturelle Aquarium System - Reef Crystal Kent - Sea Salt Red Sea - Coral Pro Salt Tropic Marin
Seachem - Reef salt Aqua Medic - Reef Salt Korallen Zucht - Reef Best Salt ATI - Coral Ocean Plus Salinità (ppt) 35,50 34,00 34,00 35,00 35,00 33,00 36,00 35,00 38,00 30,00 31,00 32,00 33,00 34,00 35,00 36,00 37,00 38,00 39,00
Salinity (ppt)
Eau du mer naturelle Aquarium System - Reef Crystal Kent - Sea Salt Red Sea - Coral Pro Salt Tropic Marin
Seachem - Reef salt Aqua Medic - Reef Salt Korallen Zucht - Reef Best Salt ATI - Coral Ocean Plus pH 8,00 8,29 7,84 8,13 8,21 8,07 9,09 8,07 8,28 7,20 7,40 7,60 7,80 8,00 8,20 8,40 8,60 8,80 9,00 9,20
pH
The following table highlights the comparison between the values of sea water (source: Dr J Floor Anthoni (2000, 2006) www.seafriends.org.nz/oceano/seawater.htm) and the medium values obtained through Salifert, Elos tests , as well as the values taken from this source: AquariumWaterTesting.com and www.praticalfishkeeping.co.uk)
Comparison among the main salt brands present on the market
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Eau du mer naturelle Aquarium System - Reef Crystal Kent - Sea Salt Red Sea - Coral Pro Salt Tropic Marin - Pro Reef Seachem - Reef salt Ammonio (NH4) ml/l 0,001 0,00067 0,00033 0,00167 0,01
Ammonium (NH4) ml/l
Eau du mer naturelle Aquarium System - Reef Crystal Kent - Sea Salt Red Sea - Coral Pro Salt Tropic Marin - Pro Reef Seachem - Reef salt Nitriti (NO2) ml/l 0,002 0,002 0,002 0,00167 0,001
Nitrite (NO2) ml/l
The following table shows the comparison between the values of sea water (source: Dr J Floor Anthoni (2000, 2006) www.seafriends.org.nz/oceano/seawater.htm) and the medium values obtained through Salifert, Elos tests , as well as the values taken from this source: AquariumWaterTesting.com and www.praticalfishkeeping.co.uk)
Comparison among the main salt brands present on the market
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Eau du mer naturelle Aquarium System - Reef Crystal Kent - Sea Salt Red Sea - Coral Pro Salt Tropic Marin
Seachem - Reef salt Aqua Medic - Reef Salt Korallen Zucht - Reef Best Salt ATI - Coral Ocean Plus Nitrati (NO3) ml/l 0,63333 0,13667 0,15333 0,21000 0,05 0,03000 0,03000 0,03000 1 1 1
Nitrate (NO3) ml/l
Eau du mer naturelle Aquarium System - Reef Crystal Kent - Sea Salt Red Sea - Coral Pro Salt Tropic Marin
Seachem - Reef salt Aqua Medic - Reef Salt Fosfati (PO4) ppm 0,0133 0,0067 0,0233 0,0233 0,02 0,03
Phosfate (PO4) ppm
The following table shows the comparison between the values of sea water (source: Dr J Floor Anthoni (2000, 2006) www.seafriends.org.nz/oceano/seawater.htm) and the medium values obtained through Salifert, Elos tests , as well as the values taken from this source: AquariumWaterTesting.com and www.praticalfishkeeping.co.uk)
Comparison among the main salt brands present on the market
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Eau du mer naturelle Aquarium System - Reef Crystal Kent - Sea Salt Red Sea - Coral Pro Salt Tropic Marin
Seachem - Reef salt Aqua Medic
Korallen Zucht - Reef Best Salt ATI - Coral Ocean Plus Durezza (Kh) 10,00 8,18 9,88 6,18 9,80 9,83 8,03 8,35 8,73 0,00 2,00 4,00 6,00 8,00 10,00 12,00
Hardness (Kh)
Eau du mer naturelle Aquarium System - Reef Crystal Kent - Sea Salt Red Sea - Coral Pro Salt Tropic Marin - Pro Reef Seachem - Reef salt Aqua Medic - Reef Salt Korallen Zucht - Reef Best Salt ATI - Coral Ocean Plus Calcio (Ca) ppm 416,00 378,83 461,43 447,44 398,57 454,83 365,00 405,00 500,80 0,00 100,00 200,00 300,00 400,00 500,00 600,00
Calcium (Ca) ppm
The following table highlights the comparison between the values of sea water (source: Dr J Floor Anthoni (2000, 2006) www.seafriends.org.nz/oceano/seawater.htm) and the medium values obtained through Salifert, Elos tests , as well as the values taken from this source: AquariumWaterTesting.com and www.praticalfishkeeping.co.uk)
Comparison among the main salt brands present on the market
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Eau du mer naturelle Aquarium System - Reef Crystal Kent - Sea Salt Red Sea - Coral Pro Salt Tropic Marin - Pro Reef Seachem - Reef salt Aqua Medic
Korallen Zucht - Reef Best Salt ATI - Coral Ocean Plus Magnesio (Mg)ppm 1295,00 1099,60 1205,57 1388,30 1357,27 1313,60 1077,50 1111,65 1485,00 0,00 200,00 400,00 600,00 800,00 1000,00 1200,00 1400,00 1600,00
Magnesium (Mg) ppm
Eau du mer naturelle Aquarium System - Reef Crystal Kent - Sea Salt Red Sea - Coral Pro Salt Tropic Marin - Pro Reef Seachem
Aqua Medic - Reef Salt Korallen Zucht - Reef Best Salt ATI - Coral Ocean Plus Ossigeno (O2) ppm 7,00 4,00 4,66 6,00 8,00 7,33 5,33 4,00 2,66 0,00 1,00 2,00 3,00 4,00 5,00 6,00 7,00 8,00 9,00
Oxygen (O2) ppm
The following table highlights the comparison between the values of sea water (source: Dr J Floor Anthoni (2000, 2006) www.seafriends.org.nz/oceano/seawater.htm) and the medium values obtained through Salifert, Elos tests , as well as the values taken from this source: AquariumWaterTesting.com and www.praticalfishkeeping.co.uk)
Comparison among the main salt brands present on the market
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Eau du mer naturelle Aquarium System - Reef Crystal Kent - Sea Salt Red Sea - Coral Pro Salt Tropic Marin
Seachem - Reef salt Aqua Medic - Reef Salt Korallen Zucht - Reef Best Salt ATI - Coral Ocean Plus Iodio (I) ppm 0,064 0,0060 0,0060 0,0060 0,000 0,010 0,020 0,030 0,040 0,050 0,060 0,070
Iodine (I) ppm
Eau du mer naturelle Aquarium System - Reef Crystal Kent - Sea Salt Red Sea - Coral Pro Salt Tropic Marin
Seachem - Reef salt Aqua Medic - Reef Salt Korallen Zucht - Reef Best Salt ATI - Coral Ocean Plus Stronzio (Sr) ppm 8,00 2,66 2,66 8,00 10,00 2,66 4,00 2,66 2,66 0,00 2,00 4,00 6,00 8,00 10,00 12,00
Strontium (Sr) ppm
The following table highlights the comparison between the values of sea water (source: Dr J Floor Anthoni (2000, 2006) www.seafriends.org.nz/oceano/seawater.htm) and the medium values obtained through Salifert, Elos tests , as well as the values taken from this source: AquariumWaterTesting.com and www.praticalfishkeeping.co.uk)
Comparison among the main salt brands present on the market
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KENT marine packaging and its features
KENT Marine salt range is availbale in 5 different formats which have the following features: 1. All the packages, once opened, can be easily closed assuaring a complete protection of salt characteristics from the humidity in the air. 2. Clear and simple instructions for use. 3. 5 formats of salt that can satisfy all the needs starting from nanoreef tanks to large tanks.
Product mc qty Master carton (LxWxH) Kent Marine 10 gallons (1,36kg pouch per 38,85 liters) 12 368,3 x 287 x 185,4 Kent Marine 25 gallons (3,29kg pouch 94,63 liters) 6 368,3 x 287 x 185,4 Kent Marine 50 gallons (6,6kg jug 189,27 liters) 3 406,4 x 247,65 x 336,55 Kent Marine 200 gallons (26,3kg bucket 757,08 liters) 1
1
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Salt protective packaging
Pouches of 10 and 25 gallons can be closed by a special extremely resistant plastic closure which prevents the pouch from an accidental
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The jug cap has a special sealing to keep the salt free of humidity. The bucket cover has an o-ring and the elastic grip for a secure closure.
Salt protective packaging