Inventory, Monitoring and Assessment of Sediment Risks from Forest - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Inventory, Monitoring and Assessment of Sediment Risks from Forest Roads

Charles Luce Tom Black

US Forest Service Research and Development Rocky Mountain Research Sta.

Interstates: 47,000 mi All Nat’l Highways: 159,000 mi FS Roads: 375,000 mi

Regulatory Context

ESA Clean Water Act

• TMDL
• NPDES?

Not all roads are the same

Most Sediment from Few Places

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%

% Sediment Delivery

% of Active Drain Points

NFS, OR BV, ID MFP, ID NFJD, OR

What is GRAIP?

• Geomorphic Roads Analysis and Inventory

Package – A detailed road inventory procedure – A set of GIS tools to analyze road-related risks

What is GRAIP?

• Geomorphic Roads Analysis and Inventory

Package – A detailed road inventory procedure – A set of GIS tools to analyze road-related risks

Road Network Hydrology

• Roads

– Surface type – Flowpath vegetation

• Drain Points

– Nine types – Stream connection

Drain Point Road Segment Two flow paths Drain Point

Local Calibration Data

Black & Luce, 2013

• 1

1 2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Log LS

2

Probability of Gully

SF Payette R.

Gully Risks

Rd Segment Length Slope below road

• 0.5

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Probability of Gully

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

ESI P Gully

0.1 1 10 100 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

ESI P Gully

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

ESI P Gully

0.3 1 3.2 10 31.6 100

MF Willamette SF Boise SF Skokomish Skykomish

Other Risks

• Culvert Demise
• Overtopping
• Stream Capture
• Jammer Road Failure

GRAIP-Lite

• Transportation Layer
• Delivery Curves
• Maint-Level

Correlations

200 400 600 800 1000 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

Distance to Stream (m) Probability of Connection

Wall Ck NF Siuslaw Bear Valley Seeley Lk MF Payette SF Salmon

Nash-Sutcliffe R2=0.93

Application to 42 12th Digit HUCS

GRAIP: Scaling Effort & Info

Density Line presence Uncalibrated GRAIP_Lite Transportation Layer Data DEM Slope Streams Calibrated GRAIP_Lite Transportation Layer Data DEM Slope Streams Improved Vegetation & Delivery GRAIP GPS Roads Surfacing Existence Condition GPS Drainpoints Type Location Condition Connection DEM Slope Streams Erodibility

Varying Levels of Information

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent of Sediment Delivered Percent of Road Road Density GRAIP_Lite GRAIP

GRAIP Examples I: Watershed Analysis

• 1. TMDLs
• 2. CFLRP

The gold stars

Bear Valley Creek TMDL/4b

Connection to Instream Metrics

Coarse Fine

Wall Creek and NF Siuslaw RBS – Monitoring framework proposed by Oregon DEQ

Graph courtesy of Robert Al-Chokachy, USGS Bozeman

Southwest Crown of Continent CFLRP GNLCC funded project to understand relationship between fish habitat and road erosion

GRAIP Examples II: Legacy Roads Monitoring Program

Tracking progress on water quality goals

Control

Post-Treatment

Pre- Treatment 4 miles each

Control Post- Treatment

Road-Stream Hydrologic Connectivity Fine Sediment Delivery Drainpoint Problem Rate Unit Sediment Delivery Decommissioned Roads n=11 segments, 67.7 km SDRR Roads n=12 segments, 86.3 km

• 1.8 Mg/yr/km, reduced from 2.8 to

1.0 Mg/yr/km (-64%)

• 1.4 Mg/yr/km, reduced from 2.7 to

1.3 Mg/yr/km (-51%) Initial Treatment Effects

• 9.8 km, reduced from 16.9 to

7.1 km (-58%)

• 119 Mg/yr, reduced from 187 to

67 Mg/yr (-64%) Reduced from 22% to 3% (-86%)

• 2.3 km, reduced from 24.9 to

22.6 km (-9%)

• 119 Mg/yr, reduced from 235 to

116 Mg/yr (-51%) Reduced from 25% to 14% (-48%)

Legacy Road Monitoring Project – Initial Effects

Improving Efficiency

• Cost=Unit Cost X Percent treated X

Total Road Mileage

GRAIP Survey:$135,000 Treatment:$1,065,000 Miles treated: 43 % Treated: 7.3% Sediment Reduced: 71% $1,200,000 Restoration Project Non-GRAIP Survey:$0 Treatment:$1,200,000 Miles treated; 48 % Treated: 8.2% Sediment Reduced: 29%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Percent of Total Delivered Sediment Percent of Total Road Length

Improving Efficiency

GRAIP GRAIP_Lite Road Density

Road lines R1-R4

Watershed Condition Framework

Climate Change Asessments

“This tool is used throughout our region when working with collaboratives, partners, NEPA projects, and landscape level analysis to determine where road work needs to be conducted. … This helps with our biological assessments we submit to Fish and Wildlife Service for concerns on different listed fish species. It also helps in our analysis of the projects.”

• Faye Krueger

R1 Regional Forester

Brian Staab R6 Regional Hydrologist Portland, OR

The Manager in the Middle District and Forest Specialists The Agency and Department Demonstrates that we know what is going on with one of our most substantial capital assets and a potentially severe source of water pollution. Faster NEPA!

Who benefits from GRAIP?

EPA Other Partners

Goal 1: Support effective decision-making by providing relevant and credible information.

• Priority management questions and related core information
• Integration and scalability of IM&A information
• Based on relevant science
• Quality and consistency of information
• Information is timely and accessible

Goal 2: Ensure that all IM&A activities are inclusive and comprehensive.

• Understand partner and stakeholder interests
• Address shared information needs.
• Address issues across organizational and geographic boundaries.

Goal 3: Ensure the IM&A system is responsive and adaptive to change.

• Establish and maintain a dynamic IM&A system that supports

management and is responsive to social, economic, and ecological change.

• Ensure the IM&A system is responsive and adaptive to changing agency

capacity.

IM&A Goals & Objectives