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Introduction to R Thomas J. Leeper Department of Political Science - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The R Language Introduction to R Thomas J. Leeper Department of Political Science and Government Aarhus University November 14, 2013 The R Language The R Language The R Language 1 The R Language The R Language 1 The R Language Try on

  1. The R Language Introduction to R Thomas J. Leeper Department of Political Science and Government Aarhus University November 14, 2013

  2. The R Language

  3. The R Language The R Language 1

  4. The R Language The R Language 1

  5. The R Language Try on your own Use R as a calculator: Do the “Basic Math” tutorial

  6. The R Language Tips Always know where you are with getwd()

  7. The R Language Tips Always know where you are with getwd() R is case-sensitive: mean is not the same as Mean

  8. The R Language Tips Always know where you are with getwd() R is case-sensitive: mean is not the same as Mean ⇑ and ⇓ cycle through your command history

  9. The R Language Tips Always know where you are with getwd() R is case-sensitive: mean is not the same as Mean ⇑ and ⇓ cycle through your command history Page Up and Page Down control your screen

  10. The R Language Tips Always know where you are with getwd() R is case-sensitive: mean is not the same as Mean ⇑ and ⇓ cycle through your command history Page Up and Page Down control your screen > prompt means R is ready for a command + means your last command wasn’t complete

  11. The R Language Questions so far?

  12. The R Language Your first analysis in R Load data Estimate 4 regression models Look at coefficients

  13. The R Language Your first analysis in R Load data Estimate 4 regression models Look at coefficients Data from: Cusack, Iversen, Soskice. (2007). “Economic Interests and the Origins of Electoral Systems” APSR 101(3):373–391.

  14. The R Language Your first analysis in R

  15. The R Language Your first analysis in R library("foreign") cis <- read.dta(file.choose())[cis$smpl==1,] lm3_1 <- lm(thresh~threat + fragdum, data = cis) lm3_2 <- lm(thresh~threat + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lm3_3 <- lm(thresh~threat13 + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lm3_4 <- lm(thresh~stthroct2 + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lapply(ls(pattern="lm"), function(i) round(summary(get(i))$coef[,1:2],2))

  16. The R Language Your first analysis in R library("foreign") cis <- read.dta(file.choose())[cis$smpl==1,] lm3_1 <- lm(thresh~threat + fragdum, data = cis) lm3_2 <- lm(thresh~threat + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lm3_3 <- lm(thresh~threat13 + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lm3_4 <- lm(thresh~stthroct2 + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lapply(ls(pattern="lm"), function(i) round(summary(get(i))$coef[,1:2],2))

  17. The R Language Your first analysis in R library("foreign") cis <- read.dta(file.choose())[cis$smpl==1,] lm3_1 <- lm(thresh~threat + fragdum, data = cis) lm3_2 <- lm(thresh~threat + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lm3_3 <- lm(thresh~threat13 + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lm3_4 <- lm(thresh~stthroct2 + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lapply(ls(pattern="lm"), function(i) round(summary(get(i))$coef[,1:2],2))

  18. The R Language Your first analysis in R library("foreign") cis <- read.dta(file.choose())[cis$smpl==1,] lm3_1 <- lm(thresh~threat + fragdum, data = cis) lm3_2 <- lm(thresh~threat + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lm3_3 <- lm(thresh~threat13 + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lm3_4 <- lm(thresh~stthroct2 + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lapply(ls(pattern="lm"), function(i) round(summary(get(i))$coef[,1:2],2))

  19. The R Language Your first analysis in R library("foreign") cis <- read.dta(file.choose())[cis$smpl==1,] lm3_1 <- lm(thresh~threat + fragdum, data = cis) lm3_2 <- lm(thresh~threat + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lm3_3 <- lm(thresh~threat13 + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lm3_4 <- lm(thresh~stthroct2 + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lapply(ls(pattern="lm"), function(i) round(summary(get(i))$coef[,1:2],2))

  20. The R Language Your first analysis in R library("foreign") cis <- read.dta(file.choose())[cis$smpl==1,] lm3_1 <- lm(thresh~threat + fragdum, data = cis) lm3_2 <- lm(thresh~threat + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lm3_3 <- lm(thresh~threat13 + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lm3_4 <- lm(thresh~stthroct2 + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lapply(ls(pattern="lm"), function(i) round(summary(get(i))$coef[,1:2],2))

  21. The R Language Your first analysis in R library("foreign") cis <- read.dta(file.choose())[cis$smpl==1,] lm3_1 <- lm(thresh~threat + fragdum, data = cis) lm3_2 <- lm(thresh~threat + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lm3_3 <- lm(thresh~threat13 + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lm3_4 <- lm(thresh~stthroct2 + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lapply(ls(pattern="lm"), function(i) round(summary(get(i))$coef[,1:2],2))

  22. The R Language Your first analysis in R library("foreign") cis <- read.dta(file.choose())[cis$smpl==1,] lm3_1 <- lm(thresh~threat + fragdum, data = cis) lm3_2 <- lm(thresh~threat + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lm3_3 <- lm(thresh~threat13 + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lm3_4 <- lm(thresh~stthroct2 + fragdum, data=cis[cis$oursmpl==1,]) lapply(ls(pattern="lm"), function(i) round(summary(get(i))$coef[,1:2],2))

  23. The R Language Questions so far?

  24. The R Language R Language Basics Everything in R is an “object”

  25. The R Language Try on your own Create variables: Do the “Variables” tutorial

  26. The R Language Questions so far?

  27. The R Language R Language Basics Everything in R is an “object”

  28. The R Language R Language Basics Everything in R is an “object” All objects have a “class”

  29. The R Language Try on your own Understand R data structures: “Vectors” “Vector indexing” “Matrices” “Lists” “Dataframes”

  30. The R Language Questions so far?

  31. The R Language R Language Basics Everything in R is an “object” All objects have a “class”

  32. The R Language R Language Basics Everything in R is an “object” All objects have a “class” We execute functions on objects Functions work differently (or not at all) on different classes

  33. The R Language R Language Basics Everything in R is an “object” All objects have a “class” We execute functions on objects Functions work differently (or not at all) on different classes Functions return objects and print to the console

  34. The R Language R Language Basics Everything in R is an “object” All objects have a “class” We execute functions on objects Functions work differently (or not at all) on different classes Functions return objects and print to the console We can then do further things with those objects

  35. The R Language Try on your own Understand objects and printing: Do the “Objects” tutorial

  36. The R Language When things go wrong...

  37. The R Language When things go wrong... 1 Don’t panic 2 Parsing errors versus syntax errors: Error: unexpected ’)’ in "lm(y ~)" Error in eval(expr, envir, enclos) : object ’y’ not found 3 Google the error or warning 4 Use StackOverflow

  38. The R Language A script editor makes your life easier... Helps you understand code more easily Work interactively to build a script R script is like a Stata do file File extension: .R or .r Write down all of your code Use comments ( # ) liberally

  39. The R Language ...so let’s install one install.packages("devtools") library("devtools") install_github("rite", "leeper") library("rite") rite()

  40. The R Language ...so let’s install one install.packages("devtools") library("devtools") install_github("rite", "leeper") library("rite") rite()

  41. The R Language ...so let’s install one install.packages("devtools") library("devtools") install_github("rite", "leeper") library("rite") rite()

  42. The R Language ...so let’s install one install.packages("devtools") library("devtools") install_github("rite", "leeper") library("rite") rite()

  43. The R Language ...so let’s install one install.packages("devtools") library("devtools") install_github("rite", "leeper") library("rite") rite()

  44. The R Language ...so let’s install one install.packages("devtools") library("devtools") install_github("rite", "leeper") library("rite") rite()

  45. The R Language Questions so far?

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