Integrated Monitoring and Assessment in the framework of UN - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Integrated Monitoring and Assessment in the framework of UN Environment/MAP Marine Litter

Christos Ioakeimidis Marine Litter MED Project expert Mediterranean Pollution Assessment and Control Programme (MED POL) UN Environment/Mediterranean Action Plan Barcelona Convention Secretariat

Mediterranean Action Plan Coordinating Unit Barcelona Convention Secretariat

HELCOM SPICE Workshop on microliter Helsinki, Finland 7-8 November 2017

Marine Litter: The Mediterranean Case

• The first ever legally-binding Regional Plan on Marine Litter

Management in the Mediterranean (since 2013);

• Implementation Guidelines (2016) e.g. Fishing-for-litter to

support the implementation of the RPML;

• Baseline Values and Environmental Reduction Targets;
• A Regional Assessment Report on Marine Litter;
• Regional Cooperation Platform on Marine Litter in the

Mediterranean;

• 2016-2021 MTS strategic outputs directly related to marine

litter;

• Regional Action Plan on Sustainable and Consumption and

Production (SCP) (since 2016);

• Basin-wide Integrated Monitoring and Assessment

Programme of the Mediterranean Sea and Coast and related Assessment Criteria (IMAP);

• Mediterranean Node on Marine Litter (under development).

Integrated Monitoring and Assessment Programme (IMAP) for the Mediterranean Sea and Coast

• Adopted by COP 19, Athens, Greece, 2016 (Decision IG.22/7)
• Objectives:
• Establish integrated monitoring and assessment in order to assess the

status of the Mediterranean sea and coast;

• Lay down principles for the update of the national monitoring and

assessment programmes, based on regionally agreed common indicators;

• Result in assessments, to determine the status of marine and coastal

environment in the Mediterranean, in an integrated manner.

• Takes into account CPs existing monitoring and assessment

programmes, practices of other Regional Sea Conventions and other Regional bodies

• Timeline: 2016-2021 - Initial phase of 2016-2019

IMAP overarching principles

i. Adequacy; ii. Coordination and coherence;

• iii. Data architecture and interoperability based on common

parameters;

• iv. Concept of adaptive monitoring;

v. Risk-based approach to monitoring and assessment;

• vi. Precautionary principle
• In line with Shared Environmental Information System

(SEIS) principles

IMAP Integrated Monitoring

• Based on common indicators, focus on parameters indicative of

the state, pressures, impacts, and progress towards GES;

• Basis for the Contracting Parties (CPs) indicator-based regional

assessments on the status of Mediterranean Sea and coast;

• 2016-2017: Updated national monitoring programmes based on

common indicators, Integrated Monitoring and Assessment Guidance and Common Indicator Fact Sheet;

• Until then, CP will continue reporting based on their existing

national monitoring programmes;

• Following update, CP will report quality assured data following a

common regional monitoring reporting template;

• Coordination within and between CPs is encouraged.

EO 1 1 Bi Biodiversi rsity Common Indicator 1: Habitat distributional range (EO1) to also consider habitat extent as a relevant attribute Common Indicator 2: Condition of the habitat’s typical species and communities (EO1) Common Indicator 3: Species distributional range (EO1 related to marine mammals, seabirds, marine reptiles) Common Indicator 4: Population abundance of selected species (EO1, related to marine mammals, seabirds, marine reptiles) Common indicator 5: Population demographic characteristics (EO1, e.g. body size or age class structure, sex ratio, fecundity rates, survival/mortality rates related to marine mammals, seabirds, marine reptiles) EO 2 2 No Non-indi digen enous s spec pecies Common Indicator 6: Trends in abundance, temporal occurrence, and spatial distribution of non-indigenous species, particularly invasive, non-indigenous species, notably in risk areas (EO2, in relation to the main vectors and pathways of spreading of such species) EO 3 3 Ha Harvest est of commerc rcially ex expl ploited d fish and shel ellfish sh Common Indicator 7: Spawning stock Biomass (EO3); Common Indicator 8: Total landings (EO3); Common Indicator 9: Fishing Mortality (EO3); Common Indicator 10: Fishing effort (EO3); Common Indicator 11: Catch per unit of effort (CPUE) or Landing per unit of effort (LPUE) as a proxy (EO3) Common Indicator 12: Bycatch of vulnerable and non-target species (EO1 and EO3) EO 4 4 Ma Mari rine food d webs ebs EO 5 5 Eutro roph phication Common Indicator 13: Concentration of key nutrients in water column (EO5); Common Indicator 14: Chlorophyll-a concentration in water column (EO5) EO7 7 Hy Hydr drogra raph phy Common Indicator 15: Location and extent of the habitats impacted directly by hydrographic alterations (EO7) to also feed the assessment of EO1 on habitat extent EO 8 8 Co Coast stal ec ecosy system ems s and lands dscape pes Common Indicator 16: Length of coastline subject to physical disturbance due to the influence of man-made structures (EO8); Candidate Indicator 25: Land use change (EO8) EO EO 9 9 Po Pollution Common Indicator 17: Concentration of key harmful contaminants measured in the relevant matrix (EO9, related to biota, sediment, seawater) Common Indicator 18: Level of pollution effects of key contaminants where a cause and effect relationship has been established (EO9) Common Indicator 19: Occurrence, origin (where possible), extent of acute pollution events (e.g. slicks from oil, oil products and hazardous substances), and their impact on biota affected by this pollution (EO9); Common Indicator 20: Actual levels of contaminants that have been detected and number of contaminants which have exceeded maximum regulatory levels in commonly consumed seafood (EO9); Common Indicator 21: Percentage of intestinal enterococci concentration measurements within established standards (EO9) EO 10 10 Ma Mari rine litter Co Common Indicator 22: 22: Trends in the amount of litter washed ashore and/or deposited on coastlines (EO10); Co Common Indicator 23: 23: Trends in the amount of litter in the water column including microplastics and on the seafloor (EO10); Ca Candi dida date e Indicator 24: 24: Trends in the amount of litter ingested by or entangling marine organisms focusing on selected mammals, marine birds, and marine turtles (EO10) EO 11 11 Energ ergy includi ding g unde derw rwater r noise se Candidate Indicator 26: Proportion of days and geographical distribution where loud, low, and mid-frequency impulsive sounds exceed levels that are likely to entail significant impact on marine animal Candidate Indicator 27: Levels of continuous low frequency sounds with the use of models as appropriate EO 6 6 Sea ea-floor integ egri rity

Marine Litter (EO 10)

• Common Indicator 22: Trends in the amount of litter washed ashore and/or

deposited on coastlines;

• Common Indicator 23: Trends in the amount of litter in the water column

including microplastics and on the seafloor;

• Candidate Indicator 24: Trends in the amount of litter ingested by or

entangling marine organisms focusing on selected mammals, marine birds, and marine turtles;

• Contracting Parties are encouraged to engage civil society, NGOs and

environmental associations in the implementation of IMAP marine litter monitoring

• Main elements to build data and metadata reporting reviewed by CORMON
• n Marine Litter (Madrid, Feb-March 2017) and MEDPOL Focal Point

Meeting (Rome, Italy, 29-31 May 2017).

• Data and metadata templates for marine litter have been developed,

reviewed and approved.

• Contracting Parties are encouraged to develop pilots and research on micro-

litter.

Guidance Documents

Decision IG.22/7: Integrated Monitoring and Assessment Programme of the Mediterranean Sea and Coast and Related Assessment Criteria

“11. During the initial phase of IMAP (2016-2019), Contracting Parties will: During 2016-2017, update their existing monitoring programmes in order to cover the IMAP areas, common indicators in line with the IMAP, and, base ased on

• n the

the Inte Integrat ated Mon

• nitoring

and and Asses ssessm sment t Gu Guid idance, , Co Common Ind Indicat ator Fa Fact t She Sheet ets. . It has to be noted that a number of Contracting Partied have already developed integrated national monitoring programmes;”

Output 1.4.3 Implementation of IMAP (the EcAp-based integrated monitoring and assessment programme) coordinated, including GES common indicators fact sheets, and supported by a data information centre to be integrated into Info/MAP platform The specific activity for 2016-2017 is to “Support the country assessment, national monitoring programmes (including joint monitoring), fact sheets for pollution and litter”

UNEP(DEPI)/MED IG.22/7 UNEP(DEPI)/MED IG.22/1

IMAP Common Indicator Fact Sheets for Pollution and Marine Litter

• The main purpose is to:
• Provide concrete guidance and references to the Contracting Parties;
• Support the implementation of the revised national monitoring programme

towards the overall goal of implementing the Ecosystem Approach (EcAp) in the Mediterranean and achieving GES;

• Policy and Science-based information is required;
• Common Guidance Factsheet Structure: i.e. Indicator Title, Rational, Policy

Context and Targets, Indicator analysis methods and Methodology for monitoring (temporal and spatial scope), Contacts and Document Registration

IMAP Common Indicator Fact Sheets for Pollution and Marine Litter

IMAP: From data to assessments (future)

Indicator Guidance factsheets Revision of National Monitoring Programmes Revised templates for data and meta-data IMAP Data Reporting System Data Assessments to feed into future QSRs

Ongoing IMAP implementation (2016-2019)

• Update of National Monitoring Programmes (by end 2017), to be in line

with IMAP;

• Capacity building meetings, trainings in Southern Mediterranean on

IMAP implementation;

• CORMONs: to further specify monitoring and assessment outstanding

issues on regional basis;

• Science-Policy Interface Meetings: to address specific issues, such as

scale of assessment;

• Develop updated and integrated data and information system for UN

Environment/MAP-Barcelona Convention (InfoRAC);

• Cooperation with other relevant regional bodies (GFCM, ACCOBAMS);
• Preparation of the 2017 Quality Status Report (launch at COP 20)

Meta Data Templates for Pollution and Marine Litter

• Since 2006, the monitoring and assessment component of the MED POL

Programme has been in its Phase IV with the general objectives relevant to monitoring:

a) To assess pollution loads from all point and diffuse sources; b) To assess the status and trends in the quality of the marine and coastal environment as an early warning system for potential environmental problems; c) To control land-based pollution by means of compliance to national/international regulatory; d) To contribute to the application of the EcAp to the management of human activities within MAP, with MED POL as the monitoring and assessment component.

• There is a need to adjust the current MED POL monitoring component with the

IMAP, building upon Phase IV, and with revised data, meta-data and assessment templates for the seven common indicators for contaminants, eutrophication and develop the meta data for the three marine litter common indicators.

Meta Data Templates for Pollution and Marine Litter

Marine Litter Meta Data Templates:

• The Meeting of the Ecosystem Approach Correspondence Group

(CORMON) on Marine Litter Monitoring (Madrid, Spain, 28 Feb. – 2

• Mar. 2017) and the MEDPOL Focal Point Meeting (Rome, Italy, 29-31

May 2017) reviewed a proposal by MED POL on the main elements to build data and metadata reporting on Marine Litter in the Mediterranean.

• Meta data and data templates have been approved for:
• Beach Marine Litter; and
• Seafloor Marine Litter.
• Floating Marine Litter and Microplastics will follow at a later stage.

Marine Litter Meta Data Templates: Beach Marine Litter

[A]. The Beach ID Form:

• Name of the beach;
• National beach ID;
• Country;
• Date;
• Name and contact information (phone, e-mail, etc.)
• Beach width (m);
• Total length of the beach (m);
• Back of the beach (e.g. dunes);
• GPS coordinates start 100m;
• GPS coordinates end 100m;
• Prevailing currents at the beach: N/E/S/W;
• Prevailing winds: N/E/S/W;
• Direction towards the beach is facing: N/E/S/W;
• Type of beach (e.g. pebble, sand, rocky, mixed, etc.);
• Any objects in the sea influencing the currents;
• Major beach usage (e.g. local people, swimming, sunbathing, fishing,

surfing, etc.);

• Access to the beach (e.g. public transportation, private vehicle, on foot,

boat, etc.);

• Nearest down;
• Distance from the nearest town;
• Developments behind the beach (Y/N);
• Specify developments;
• Food and/or drink outlets on the beach (Y/N);
• Distance of the food/drink outlets from the survey areas (m/km);
• Period over the year where the food/drinks are open (specify months);
• Distance of the beach to the nearest shipping lane (km);
• Estimated traffic density (number of ships/year);
• Distance of the beach to the nearest harbor (km);
• Is the harbor entrance facing the survey area (Y/N);
• Distance of the beach to the nearest river mouth (km);
• Name of the river;
• Water flow in the river/river mouth when the survey is taking place

(Y/N);

• Distance of the beach to the nearest discharge or discharges of waste

water (km);

• Beach clean-ups on the selected beach (Y/N);
• Frequency of the beach clean-ups (specify months);
• Map of the beach
• Additional comments and observations;

Meta Data Templates for Pollution and Marine Litter

Marine Litter Meta Data Templates: Beach Marine Litter

[B]. The Beach Marine Litter Survey Form:

• Name of the Beach;
• National beach ID;
• Country;
• Date of survey;
• Surveyor information (name, phone number, e-mail);
• Previous conducted survey (dd/mm/yy);
• Did you divert from the pre-determined 100 metres

(Y/N; give new coordinates);

• Weather conditions (wind, rain, sand storm, fog, high

tide, etc);

• Stranded animals (Y/N);
• Describe the stranded animal;
• Stranded animal dead or alive (D/A);
• Stranded animal entangled in litter (Y/N, specify litter

item);

• Any factors influencing the survey (specify; e.g.

track/vehicles on the beach, etc.);

• Any unusual marine litter items and/or marine litter

loads (specify);

• Reduced Master list of categories agreed for beaches

(Meeting of the Informal Online Working Group on Marine Litter in Athens in May 2014(UNEP(DEPI)/MED WG.417/Inf.15), including UNEP Code, General Name, and total number of recorded items (per category and sub-category), listed per different Material (Level 1);

• Any pellets observed (Y/N);
• Additional comments and observations.

Meta Data Templates for Pollution and Marine Litter

Marine Litter Meta Data Templates: Seafloor Marine Litter

• Country;
• Date (dd/mm/yy);
• Surveyor information (name, phone, e-mail, etc.);
• Area (EcAp Code);
• Campaign name;
• Vessel name;
• Haul number;
• Gear (e.g. bottom trawl, etc.);
• Speed (knot);
• Opening of the net (m) (e.g. SCANMAR Trawl

Sensor or SIMRAD);

• Cod-end mesh size (mm);
• Latitude (Start and End);
• Longitude (Start and End);
• Depth (Start and End);
• Haul duration (minutes);
• Distance covered (km);
• Weight (total) of litter per haul (kg);
• Weight (total) per category and sub-category (kg);
• Master list of categories agreed for seafloor

(IMAP Marine Litter Master List Categories: UNEP(DEPI)/MED IG.22/Inf.7 – Annex VII), including UNEP Code, General Name, and total number of recorded items (per category and sub- category), listed per different Material (Level 1);

• Additional comments and observations (e.g. any

unusual marine litter items).

Meta Data Templates for Pollution and Marine Litter

Marine Litter Meta Data Templates: Beach Marine Litter

Meta Data Templates for Pollution and Marine Litter

Beach Marine Litter

Meta Data Templates for Pollution and Marine Litter

Seafloor Marine Litter

Meta Data Templates for Pollution and Marine Litter

2017 Mediterranean Quality Status Report (QSR)

Quality Status Report (QSR) Fact Sheet Assessment for Pollution and Marine Litter

• QSR approach: To use all indicator data available and to

complement and address gaps with inputs from numerous sources;

• In the initial steps additional sources of information are identified

and mapped, from other partners, the NAP reports, etc;

• The 2017 Mediterranean QSR will be prepared as an online

interactive report so that the report can be made widely available, be visually appealing, include graphics and animations (such as time series maps of concentrations);

• Addition to the main section, can have links to case studies, from

Contracting Parties and also partners (e.g. EMODNET), or links to

• ther databases and information sources.

Quality Status Report (QSR) Fact Sheet Assessment for Pollution and Marine Litter

EO10 Marine Litter Assessment Factsheets:

• The UN Environment/MAP 2015 Marine Litter Assessment in the

Mediterranean was used as the main source of information, complimented by recent publications.

• These were reviewed/presented to the following meeting:
• Meeting of the Ecosystem Approach Correspondence Group on Marine

Litter Monitoring (Madrid, Spain, 28 Feb. – 2 March 2017);

• MEDPOL Focal Point Meeting (Rome, Italy, 29-31 May 2017);
• 6th Meeting of the Ecosystem Approach (EcAp) Coordination Group

(Athens, Greece, 11 Sept. 2017);

• MAP Focal Point Meeting (Athens, Greece, 12-15 Sept. 2017).

2017 Mediterranean Quality Status Report (QSR) Marine Litter: Common Indicator 22

Common Indicator 22:

Coordinate and harmonized marine litter monitoring and assessment.

Status:

• Limited data and great spatial variability on the amounts and

composition of marine litter;

• The main types of beach marine litter are of land-based origin;
• Polymer materials make up the largest proportion of the overall

marine litter pollution. Gaps:

• Data to be advanced;
• Harmonized and standardized monitoring and assessment methods;
• Mapping where marine litter are accumulating;
• Beach clean-up campaign at basin scale have to be harmonized.

Common Indicator 23: Provide more valuable and comparable data. Status:

• No safe conclusions can be drawn on which areas marine litter are

accumulating, while microplastics needs to be further addressed;

• Floating marine litter items are found abundant, giving

concentrations comparable to those found in the 5 sub-tropical gyres Gaps:

• Data on floating and seafloor marine litter are inconsistent and

geographically restricted;

• Better understanding of transport dynamics and accumulation zones;
• GIS, mapping systems, and modelling tools.,

2017 Mediterranean Quality Status Report (QSR) Marine Litter: Common Indicator 23

The EU-funded Marine Litter MED Project

• To support UN Environment/MAP Barcelona Convention and its Southern

Mediterranean Contracting Parties to implement key common measures provided for in the Regional Plan on Marine Litter Management in the Mediterranean, and updated National Action Plans;

• To contribute to the region wide ML reduction targets as approved by COP 19 of

the UNEP/MAP-Barcelona Convention;

• Enhance the implementation of selected ML policy/regulatory prevention and

reduction common measures at sub-regional/national levels and share best practices;

• Develop and apply regionally harmonized approaches, guidelines and tools to

ensure effective implementation of selected measures;

• Establish regional coordination mechanisms for ML prevention and management

in the Mediterranean to maximize synergies; and

• Establish regional coordination mechanisms for ML with other regional actors and

European Regional Seas Conventions.

The EU-funded Marine Litter MED Project

• Better management of sea-based litter in ports (Art. 9(5), 10(f));
• Regulatory framework related to non single-use of plastic bags

and promote EPR (Art. 9(f));

• “Fishing-for-Litter” (Art. 9 and 10) and “Adopt-a-Beach” pilots

(Art. 10(f));

• Reducing impacts of marine litter and micro litter in Biota with a

particular focus on endangered species (Decision COP 19 IMAP);

• Strengthen the implementation of harmonized approaches at

regional and sub-regional level;

• Establish of a Regional Cooperation Platform on Marine Litter in

the Mediterranean to provide coordinated support and guidance to the implementation of the ML RP (Athens, 6 Sept. 2016; Barcelona, 9-10 Nov. 2017).

Thank you

Christos Ioakeimidis Marine Litter MED Project expert Mediterranean Pollution Assessment and Control Programme (MED POL) UN Environment/Mediterranean Action Plan Christos.Ioakeimidis@unep.org

http://web.unep.org/unepmap/

Mediterranean Action Plan Coordinating Unit Barcelona Convention Secretariat