insufficient to correlate the images to other composed of four main - PDF document

1 FINAL WORKSHOP OF GRID PROJECTS “PON RICERCA 2000-2006, AVVISO 1575” Numerical and Statistical tools for images analysis based on the database from Frascati Tokamak Upgrade M. Chinnici a , S. Cuomo b , S. Migliori c a ENEA- FIM-INFOPPQ, Casaccia Research Center, S.Maria di Galeria (Roma), Italy marta.chinnici@enea b UNIVERSITA’ FEDERICO II, Dipartimento di Matematica e Applicazioni, Napoli , Italy c ENEA- FIM, Enea Sede, Lungotevere Thaon di Revel n. 76 - 00196 Roma, Italy   I.INTRODUCTION  The advent of the internet and extensive digital image libraries have entailed the development of rapid and efficient computer-based image searching and browsing techniques. The term Abstract— Imaging analysis is used for analyzing content-based image retrieval refers to Frascati Tokamak Upgrade plasma. The overall automatic recovery of images from a database data are organized in an open source portable software system based on a suitable database based on a set of graphic features that qualify customized for the FTU. Mathematical and the images and that are, loosely speaking, statistical models have been both developed in similar to the characteristics of a given query order to correlate the images with plasma signals image. This paper (within the CRESCO and retrieve image information. Some Scientific Project ) concerns the application of retrieval Computing kernels of the software are techniques and analysis of plasma images implemented in Problem Solving Environments Matlab that provides a comprehensive set of coming from Frascati Tokamak Upgrade reference-standard algorithms and graphical ( FTU ). Data from FTU are acquired as movies tools for image processing and analysis. Using or single frames. The wide number of Matlab tools the characteristic components of information available by visual inspection of plasma images have been observed. the data is often a limitation to real time experimental investigation. It appears that the Index Te1ms — Imaging analysis, Tokamak, images from the cameras can help to Matlab tools, MySql.-Database, ENEA-GRID reconstruct some plasma phenomena and real facilities. time analysis could be useful for machine operation. On the other hand, due to the large number of data recorded, visual inspection of the movies is time consuming and often 

1 FINAL WORKSHOP OF GRID PROJECTS “PON RICERCA 2000-2006, AVVISO 1575” insufficient to correlate the images to other composed of four main subsystems: the experimental findings. For a profitable use of machine itself (torus, load assembly, cryostat, the signals it is desirable to build specific tools cooling system); the power supply (two fly- for automatic processing of the images. The wheel generators, feeding the toroidal magnet problems increase in complexity and cost in and the poloidal windings respectively); RF terms of hardware and software resources. In facility and the diagnostic devices installed on this research field the growing demand for the machine. The RF subsystem is made up of computational resources has been a persistent a lower hybrid system (LH: six gyrotrons goal of computational scientists. The challenge operating at 8 GHz, total coupled power 2.5 is to solve these problems with a computational MW), Ion–Bernstein Waves (IBW: three power that could be achieved inexpensively by klystrons at 433 MHz, total coupled power 0.4 collecting “distributed” resources. The main MW) and an electron cyclotron resonant goal is to provide both efficient and low cost heating system (ECRH: four gyrotrons at 140 computing environment by sharing the GHz, total power 1.6 MW). The diagnostic computational tools. This paper illustrates the devices —generally referred to as acquisition system and the procedures ‘diagnostics’—include detectors covering the developed for the processing and analysis of whole range of the electromagnetic spectrum, FTU images using ENEA-GRID technologies particle density control devices like DCN laser, or experiments like multi-pellet injection . and middleware. In details, data are stored in a suitable database customized for the FTU, to In this paper, we focus our attention on be adopted in mathematical and statistical images of plasma which are observed by wide models in order to correlate the images with angle video-cameras placed inside the viewing plasma signals and retrieve image information. ports and close to the plasma edge. The This contribution is organized as follows. In cameras monitor the status of the vacuum section 2 we introduce the scenario of FTU. In vessel and toroidal limiter and give useful data section 3 we present the “FTUsoftware” on the occurrence of several events such as methodology and we discuss the results of arching and flying debris or even major several retrieval experiments using the damages such as the detachment of limiter “FTUsoftware”. Section 4 concludes the plates. In details, the ports that we considered paper.. are: Port_3_hor, Port_5_hor, Port_8_hor (where the suffix “hor” indicates horizontal video-cameras). FTU Scenario Frascati Tokamak Upgrade (FTU) is a “FTUsoftware” methodology compact, high magnetic field tokamak In modern tokamaks visible and infrared experiment. The objectives of the machine are studying plasma transport, plasma heating and video-cameras are becoming more and more current drive in presence of strong additional important to monitor plasma evolution during radio frequency (RF) heating, and studying fusion experiments. In the last years video- plasma profile by means of pellet injection. cameras have been extensively used in Plasma discharge lasts about 1.5 s, and in magnetic confinement fusion experiments for standard operating mode there is an experiment both the understanding of the physics and the every 20–25 min. The FTU machine—from a safety of the operation. Both visible and Infra control and data acquisition point of view—is Red (IR) images can be used not only to

1 FINAL WORKSHOP OF GRID PROJECTS “PON RICERCA 2000-2006, AVVISO 1575” monitor the evolution of a plasma discharge but also to evaluate specific parameters, from the determination of impurity radiation to the distribution of power loads on the plasma facing components. Data analysis is normally performed off-line, due to the high amount of information to be processed, making the data acquired by the camera quantitatively useful only for post pulse evaluations. The main difficulty in using visible or infrared images for plasma feedback control is the fact that real-time image processing is challenging and heavy in terms of processing time, especially Fig. 1 Scheme of “Tokamak” DataBase. when complex tasks are required. In order to manage, classify and process the In this paper we present a platform-based images coming from FTU, we developed a architecture for developing portable software software (“FTUsoftware”) that organizes the in order to run it on any machine and any images in a database and allows to assess the operating system without restrictions. information within the images. FTUsoftware is implemented by following FTUsoftware usage and ENEA-GRID the software engineering methodology. The Middleware main goal is to provide an integrated set of numerical and statistical tools and methods in At the beginning it is necessary to set up a framework that is used to structure, plan and the Middleware and install the appropriate control the process of FTU data analysis. libraries required to run the executable. The software is developed in C++ language and the graphic interface is based on Open Qt The first step for accessing to images libraries. DataBase consists in inserting the IP numerical The scientific computing kernel of the (e.g. 192.168.1.1) or string (e.g. “localhost”) software is carried out on Problem Solving data. Environments Matlab that provides a Apart from the IP, the access requires to comprehensive set of reference-standard insert the name of the database, user and algorithms and graphical tools for image password; only authorized users can access to processing and analysis. the platform. The overall data of the system are stored in a DataBase (named tokamak ) that is built in In the second step the system checks the MySql (Fig.1 ) existence of the file “config.conf” that gives us the information about the path of the images ( Fig. 2 ).

1 FINAL WORKSHOP OF GRID PROJECTS “PON RICERCA 2000-2006, AVVISO 1575” Fig. 2 System’s pattern. The presence of the file “Config.conf” guarantees that the FTU images DataBase exists, thus it not necessary to find the images Fig. 4 Prefixed structure of software inside the server. On the contrary, if we do not system. find this file, it is obligatory to insert the path of the server ( Fig. 3 ) – path or machine’s Step four . FTUsoftware creates folders of folders. our data and if the server has been correctly detected then it fills the folders recursively. Afterwards, FTUsoftware writes the “config.conf” file and the “treeDb.txt” file; the latter arranges the images of Database in order to create dynamical trees. After these phases, we may enter in the main page ( Fig. 5 ) where we can operate on images. Fig. 3 Using the path to find the images. Step three. We examine the path; in fact, the path must be structured in a way as showed in Fig. 4 . . Fig 5 Operating window.