The Smart The NIST Role Grid Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 Title XIII, Section 1305. Smart Grid Interoperability Framework In cooperation with the DoE, NEMA, IEEE, GWAC, and other stakeholders, NIST has “primary responsibility to coordinate development of a framework that includes protocols and model standards for information management to achieve interoperability of smart grid devices and systems …”
The Smart NIST Three Phase Plan Grid PHASE 1 PHASE 2 Recognize a set of Establish public/private initial existing Standards Panel to provide consensus standards ongoing recommendations and develop a roadmap for new/revised standards to to fill gaps be recognized by NIST PHASE 3 Testing and Certification Framework 2009 2010 March September 22
23 Leadership Meeting May 18 Smart Grid The
The Phase 1: Initial Standards and Roadmap Smart Grid April 28-29 Workshop May 19-20 Workshop • FERC-identified priority applications: • Discussed Architecture and – Demand Response Requirements – Wide-Area Situational Awareness • Evaluated existing standards – Electric Storage • Consensus on Low Hanging – Electric Transportation • Additional priority applications: Fruit (16 standards) – Advanced Metering Infrastructure • Identified issues – Distribution Grid, including Distributed Energy Resource Integration • Cross-cutting priorities – Cyber security – Data networking • Identify additional existing standards that meet requirements • Identify new or revised standards needed, who should develop them and when 24
The NIST-Recognized Standards Release 1.0 Smart Grid Standard Application Following the April 28-29 Smart AMI ‐ SEC System Security Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) and Smart Grid end ‐ to ‐ Grid Interoperability workshop, Requirements end security NIST deemed that sufficient ANSI C12.19/MC1219 Revenue metering information model consensus has been achieved on BACnet ANSI ASHRAE 135 ‐ Building automation 16 initial standards 2008/ISO 16484 ‐ 5 DNP3 Substation and feeder device automation On May 18, NIST announced IEC 60870 ‐ 6 / TASE.2 Inter ‐ control center communications intention to identify these IEC 61850 Substation automation and protection standards in the interoperability framework following 30 day IEC 61968/61970 Application level energy management system interfaces comment period. IEC 62351 Parts 1 ‐ 8 Information security for power system control operations IEEE C37.118 Phasor measurement unit (PMU) communications NIST’s announcement recognized IEEE 1547 Physical and electrical interconnections between utility and that some of these standards will distributed generation (DG) require further development and IEEE 1686 ‐ 2007 Security for intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) many additional standards will be NERC CIP 002 ‐ 009 Cyber security standards for the bulk power system needed. NIST Special Publication (SP) 800 ‐ Cyber security standards and guidelines for federal information 53, NIST SP 800 ‐ 82 systems, including those for the bulk power system NIST will identify additional Open Automated Demand Price responsive and direct load control Response (Open ADR) standards as consensus is OpenHAN Home Area Network device communication, measurement, and achieved control ZigBee/HomePlug Smart Energy Home Area Network (HAN) Device Communications and 25 Profile Information Model
The Smart Grid NIST Interoperability Roadmap Contents • Purpose & scope • Smart Grid vision • High-level architecture • Applications & requirements • Cybersecurity considerations • Standards assessment and issues • Prioritized actions and timelines • Definitions • References 26
Smart Grid Conceptual Model The Smart Grid Priority areas of focus: •Demand response •Wide-area situational awareness •Electric storage •Electric transportation •Advanced metering •Distribution grid management •Cybersecurity •Data networking Source: NIST/EPRI Architecture Task Group
Example: Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle – Grid Interface The Smart Coordination is required among several standards bodies Grid NFPA SAE J2847 (communication) (National Electric Code) UL (Enclosures) ANSI/NEMA C12 (Meter) SAE J1772 (connector) IEEE 1547 (distributed energy interconnection) Additional standards will be needed for: communications/Information protocols for charge management, power injection management, operations and maintenance, metering, roaming. 28
The Smart Next Steps Grid • Draft roadmap will be posted this week – http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid • Identifies existing standards and gaps that need to be filled • Webinars late June – early July • Third workshop late July – will focus on SDO roles/responsibilities to fill gaps 29
The Smart Phase 2: Standards Panel Grid • Smart Grid Interoperability Standards Panel to be launched by year end 2009 • Will include representation from all stakeholder groups, private and public sector • Will be administered by private sector organization under contract with NIST • Functions: – Evolve Roadmap – Ongoing coordination – Recommend new/revised standards for inclusion in NIST framework 30
The Key Areas for IEEE Focus Smart Grid • Power Engineering – Gaps in IEEE 1547, 1588, C37 need to be filled – Additional standards needs identified in roadmap • IT and Communications for the Smart Grid – Communications infrastructure for smart grid is “the wild west” – Most of the phy/mac layer standards used are IEEE’s – Guidance is needed on their application in smart grid – Additional standards needs identified in roadmap • Move fast – Set aggressive schedules – Dedicate resources to get the job done – Think months, not years for development • Maximize use of dual logo/cooperative development arrangements with IEC and ISO 31
The Smart A Once In A Lifetime Opportunity! Grid 32
33 BACKUP Smart Grid The
The IEEE 1547 Smart Grid • NIST Smart Grid Interoperability Standards action plans: • IEEE 1547 - 3,4,6 are important and require development • Voltage support specifications for distributed resources need to be defined – IEEE 1547, IEEE P2030 • Distributed generation, distributed energy resources (DER), and storage information must be available to T&D operation (and major customers) in real time. • High-Megawatt Power Conditioning System (PCS) Industry Roadmap Committee identified needs to expand IEEE 1547: • Utilize renewable and storage PCS to provide VAR support • Mitigate renewable energy intermittency by providing acceptable ramp-rates under control of local utility • Resolve inconsistencies between anti-islanding requirements of IEEE 1547 and ride-through requirements defined by FERC Large Generator Interconnection Procedures, LGIP • Increase trip points of renewable sources to avoid tripping under moderate Grid transients 34
The Smart IEEE 1588 Grid • Power grid measurements • Phasor measurements – power flow, system instability monitoring • Real time measurements – fault location, power quality, equipment condition monitoring • Understand Smart Grid performance requirements for time synchronization for distinct types of smart grid use cases • Accuracy • Tolerance for loss of synchronization • Convergence time • Resource (hardware/software/network bandwidth) limitations • Security - How much security is needed for different SG use cases? • 1588 presently has NO built in security • Investigate/develop integral 1588 security
The Smart IEEE C37 Grid • Need to further develop to include dynamic phasor measurements • NASPInet needs to be finalized • PMU data to PG widespread implementation with PMU – is not sufficient for wide area distribution of phasor data – does not support publish/subscribe, historical data – insufficient error check – requires TCP/UDP, access to network bandwidth as priority (can not set lower level communications) – only a wire protocol no configuration management capability (offline) – does not carry Metadata not power system related
The Smart Communications & Networking Grid • Deployment guidelines – Bandwidth – Latency – MAC/PHY layer – Synchronization – Mesh/relay – Co-channel interference – Spectrum allocation • Licensed/unlicensed – Channel propagation characteristics – Routing – Reliability – Network security
STANDARDS FOR THE Smart Grid IEEE P2030 Smart Grid Interoperability Standards Development Kick-Off Meeting Hosted by INTEL Corporation, Santa Clara, California June 3-5, 2009 Dick DeBlasio, SCC21 Chair
IEEE’s role in smart grid standards Numerous IEEE standards relate to the smart grid including diverse fields of digital information and controls technology, networking, security, reliability assessment, interconnection of distributed resources including renewable energy sources to the grid, sensors, electric metering, broadband over power line, and systems engineering. The standards are developed by a variety of expert groups within IEEE.
IEEE’s Role in Standards The IEEE is a leading global developer of standards that underpin many of today’s essential technologies. – IEEE is a central source of standardization in both traditional (e.g., power and energy, information technology, telecommunications, transportation, medical and healthcare, etc.) and emerging fields (e.g., nanotechnology and information assurance). – Standards are developed in a unique environment that builds consensus in an open process based on input from all interested parties. – Nearly 1,300 standards either completed or under development – IEEE standards are recognized American National Standards (ANSI) The IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) leads IEEE’s standards activities. – Draws on the expertise of the IEEE's 44 societies and technical councils. – The IEEE-SA itself contains nearly 20,000 individual and corporate participants who participate in standards activities.
44 IEEE Technical Societies/Councils Instrumentation & Measurement Aerospace & Electronic Systems Lasers & Electro-Optics Antennas & Propagation Magnetics Broadcast Technology Microwave Theory & Techniques Circuits & Systems Nanotechnology Council Communications Nuclear & Plasma Sciences Components, Packaging, & Oceanic Engineering Manufacturing Technology Power Electronics Computer Power Engineering Computational Intelligence Product Safety Engineering Consumer Electronics Professional Communication Control Systems Reliability Council on Electronic Design Automation Robotics & Automation Council on Superconductivity Sensors Council Dielectrics & Electrical Insulation Signal Processing Education Social Implications of Technology Electromagnetic Compatibility Solid-State Circuits Electron Devices Systems Council Engineering in Medicine & Biology Systems, Man, & Cybernetics Geosciences & Remote Sensing Technology Management Council Industrial Electronics Ultrasonic's, Ferroelectrics, Industry Applications & Frequency Control Information Theory Vehicular Technology Intelligent Transportation Systems
Standards Coordinating Committees (SCC) (SCCs are committees of the Standards Board, sponsor Standards Development, and address topics of interest involving more than one Society that go beyond Society scopes) Electrical Insulation Time and Frequency Terms and Definitions Automatic Meter Reading Quantities, Units, & Letter Utility Communications Symbols NFPA Voting Systems Test and Diagnosis International Committee on Electromagnetic Safety Fuel Cells, Photovoltaics, Global Earth Dispersed Generation, and Energy Storage Power Quality Dynamic Spectrum Access
IEEE Standards 124+ Years of Stability and Evolution – 1884 Founding of American Institute of Electrical Engineers – 1890 Established the Henry - a practical unit of inductance – 1898 First dedicated effort toward standardization of electrotechnology in US – 1912 Institute of Radio Engineers formed its first standards committee – 1958 Joint Standards Committee of AIEE and IRE – 1963 Merger of AIEE and the IRE – 1973 Establishment of IEEE Standards Board � 1998 IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) � Individual and Corporate membership � 1999 IEEE Industry Standards and Technology Organization (IEEE-ISTO) � Trade association status � 2004 IEEE-SA Corporate Program
IEEE and the IEEE Standards Association
NIST Interoperability Framework of standards and protocols Energy and Security Independence Act of 2007 NIST Domain Expert Working Groups (DEWGs) – to identify use cases, key standards, standards gaps, for inclusion in the future Smart Grid Standards Interoperability Roadmap. � Building-to-Grid (B2G) � Industrial-to-Grid (I2G) � Home-to-Grid (H2G) � Transmission and Distribution (T&D) � Vehicle to Grid (V2G) – future � Cyber Security - new Source - NIST EISA Smart Grid Coordination Plan 6/2/08 at http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid/
IEEE Task Force supporting NIST Smart Grid Interoperability Framework IEEE Point of Contact (POC) and IEEE Smart Grid Ad-Hoc Review Group (established 2007) - Dick DeBlasio, Standards Board Member Liaison to NIST Power Engineering Society POC - Steve Pullins, Secretary, Intelligent Grid Coordinating Committee Computer Society POC – John Waltz, IEEE CS/VP Members at large to Date: Sam Sciacca (CEO/Microsol), James Pace /George Flammer /Jay Ramasastry (Silver Spring Networks), Chris Knudsen )PG&E), Phil Slack/George Casio (FPL), Bob Heile (chair IEEE 802.15), Geoff Mulligan (chair – 6LoWPAN), Alex Gelman (CTO/ NETovations), Chuck Adams (Program Director Standards – IBM), Larry Kotewa (SCC31/Community Energy), Joe Koepfinger (Standards Board Emeritus), Bob Grow ( IEEE Standards Board Chair/Intel, Corp.), Steve Mills (Hewlett-Packard Company), Jean-Philippe Faure (P1901 chair), Tom Basso (SCC21 Representative/NREL), Cherry Tom (IEEE Standards Office), Tom Field, Bartosc Wojszczk, Joe Waligorski, and Pat Duggan.
Status - NIST Initial Smart Grid Interoperability Standards Framework, Release 1.0 (May 18, 2009) . AMI-SEC System Security Requirements Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) and Smart Grid end-to-end security ANSI C12.19/MC1219Revenue metering information model BAC net ANSI ASHRAE 135-2008/ISO 16484-5Building automation DNP3 Substation and feeder device automation IEC 60870-6 / TASE.2Inter-control center communications IEC 61850Substation automation and protection IEC 61968/61970 Application level energy management system interfaces IEC 62351 Parts 1-8 Information security for power system control operations IEEE C37.118 Phasor measurement unit (PMU) communications IEEE 1547 Physical and electrical interconnections between utility and distributed generation (DG) IEEE 1686-2007 Security for intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) NERC CIP 002-009Cyber security standards for the bulk power system NIST Special Publication (SP) 800-53, NIST SP 800-82Cyber security standards and guidelines for federal information systems, including those for the bulk power system Open Automated Demand Response (Open ADR) Price responsive and direct load control OpenHANHome Area Network device communication, measurement, and control ZigBee/HomePlug Smart Energy Profile Home Area Network (HAN) Device Communications and Information Model Public comments on the initial standards will be accepted for 30 days after their upcoming publication in the Federal Register. The date of publication will be posted on http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid/. Comments may be submitted to smartgrid@nist.gov.
Project Development - Background In anticipation of the NIST recommendations in 2009 initiated the development of a project strategy during the IEEE Standards Board meeting in December, 2008. The 2030 idea was born. IEEE P2030 PAR approved by the IEEE Standards board on March 19, 2009. Coordination within IEEE on going with SA and member support in planning the June meeting. NIST road map with recommendations expected in 2009. IEEE with P2030 positioned to address member and NIST recommendations
OBSERVATIONS Smart grid Standards will extend across the entire grid (i.e., need interoperability standards (top down) and building block standards (bottom up). Smart grid Equipment Standards will be needed to handle information data management, communications and control. Flexible smart grid system Interoperability Design and operational Standards will allow near term and long term smart grid evolution. Development of a body of Interoperability Smart grid Standards need to be initiated now.
Two things make electricity unique and a challenge for Smart grid: 1. Lack of flow control (Grid Management and control transformation is needed – i.e., communications) 2. Electricity storage requirements (static or dynamic storage and load optimization/power electronics – efficiency) – Change either of these and the grid delivery system will be transformed – Smart Grid Design and Operation can Enable this to Happen.
In Summary - Standards Development Basic Functions Establish/maintain a consensus process to assure: – Openness, – Fairness, – Balance of interests among materially affected parties, – Right to appeal – Timely dissemination of standards and technical information
Additional Slides Examples of Smart Grid Related Standards Development Activities in IEEE
Example IEEE standards Standards Coordinating Committee 21 for IEEE 1547 series for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems and for photovoltaic standards. – http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc21/dr_shared/ The Computer Society LAN/MAN standards committee for the IEEE 802 standards series including Ethernet and wireless standards. – http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/index.html – http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/3/ – http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/11/ – http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/15/ – http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/16/
Example IEEE standards - cont. The Computer Society Microprocessor Standards Committee for several standards for cryptography – http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1363/ The Computer Society Information Assurance Standards Committee for a number of standards in the security area: – http://ieeeia.org/projects.html The Computer Society Software and System Engineering Standards Committee for numerous standards in these areas: – http://standards.computer.org/sesc/
Example IEEE standards - cont. The Instrumentation and Measurement society for the IEEE 1451 series of sensors standards: – http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1451/0/body%20frame_files/Family- of-1451_handout.htm – http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1451/6/ – http://standards.ieee.org/board/nes/projects/1451-7.pdf
Example IEEE standards - cont. The Power Engineering Society (PES) Power Systems Analysis, Computing, and Economics Committee for the development of a standard for definitions in reporting reliability, availability and productivity: – http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/762/ The Power Engineering Society Transmission and Distribution Committee for a series of standards and projects on monitoring electric power quality: – http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1159/ The Power Engineering Society substations Data Acquisition, Processing, and Control Systems committee for a subset of the ANSI C37 series and other standards for substation communications. – http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/sub/ss_c0/index.htm
Example IEEE standards - cont. SCC 31 Automatic Meter Reading and Energy Management for a number of projects congruent with the ANSI C12 series. – http://standards.ieee.org/board/stdsbd/907sasbagenda_6-1-1.doc The Industry Applications Society for IEEE Color Book Series of standards including energy management which are under revision (e.g. P3005.7 Recommended Practice for the Application of Metering for Energy Management of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems ): – http://standards.ieee.org/colorbooks/sampler/shop.html The Reliability Society for reliability assessment standards : – http://standards.ieee.org/board/nes/projects/1413.pdf The Communications Society for a major project for Broadband over Powerline: – http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1901/
Fostering Technological Innovation and Excellence For The Benefit Of Humanity Thank You
IEEE SCC21 2030 TM Standards Development P2030 Working Group Meeting June3-5, Santa Clara IEEE SCC21 Project Coordination IEEE Standard 2030 Guide for Smart Grid Interoperability of Energy Technology and Information Technology Operation with the Electric Power System (EPS) and End-Use Applications and Loads Tom Basso, IEEE SCC21 Representative, P1547.X and P2030 Secretary
IEEE SCC21 2030 TM Standards Development P2030 Working Group Meeting Santa Clara, CA Title: IEEE Standard 2030 Guide for Smart Grid Interoperability of Energy Technology and Information Technology Operation with the Electric Power System (EPS) and End-Use Applications and Loads Chair: Dick DeBlasio Vice Chair: Tom Prevost Co-Chairs: Sam Sciacca, Bob Grow, Bob Heile, Stefano Galli Secretary: Tom Basso 6 0
IEEE P2030 Standard Interoperability Smart Grid Concepts Systems Approach Interconnection & Interfaces Bulk Power Substations Technical Standards Advanced Technologies Systems Integration sensors EV Distribution System (Also, larger DER on transmission) Load Management Transmission System sensors sensors Communications and Information Technology – Information Combined Heat DER Flow, Data Management, & Power Monitor & Control Interconnection sensors 6 1
Scope and Purpose Scope: This document provides guidelines for smart grid interoperability. This guide provides a knowledge base addressing terminology, characteristics, functional performance and evaluation criteria, and the application of engineering principles for smart grid interoperability of the electric power system with end-use applications and loads. The guide discusses alternate approaches to good practices for the smart grid. Purpose: This standard provides guidelines in understanding and defining smart grid interoperability of the electric power system with end-use applications and loads. Integration of energy technology and information and communications technology is necessary to achieve seamless operation for electric generation, delivery, and end-use benefits to permit two way power flow with communication and control. Interconnection and intra-facing frameworks and strategies with design definitions are addressed in this standard, providing guidance in expanding the current knowledge base. This expanded knowledge base is needed as a key element in grid architectural designs and operation to promote a more reliable and flexible electric power system. 6 2
IEEE Standards Classification Standard: documents with mandatory requirements (shall) Recommended Practice: documents in which procedures and positions preferred by the IEEE are presented (should) Guide: documents in which alternative approaches to good practice are suggested but no clear-cut recommendations are made (may) 6 3
General Agenda • Welcome and Introductions: sign the attendee list - correct and/or add your contact information. • Approval of this meeting’s agenda • IEEE Standards Development • P2030 Discussion and Breakouts • Next Actions; Adjourn 6 4
Next Actions • Summary list of action items (due date and volunteer lead) • Timeline for P2030 development • Next meeting (tentative dates and location) • Other actions 65
IEEE 2030 Activities Web Site 2030 Series Public Web site: http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc21/dr_shared/2030 Archives • Meeting information • Registration Information • Agenda • Minutes 6 6
SCC21 2030 Activities Web Site Work Group Areas P2030 Work Group Areas (password protected) • Contacts – WG member information (standards development use only). • Special Topics – background information for the Work Group • StdDrafts – Drafts under development • Listserv – listserv archived e-mails 6 7
P2030 IEEE ListServ ListServ is for IEEE standards development use only. IEEE code of ethics identified in information file sent to each subscriber. To: stds-p2030@ieee.listserv.org From: you@yourISP.com Only subscribers can send to the list. Exchanges between individuals and among your self-established small groups are encouraged. ListServ e-mails are immediately sent to all subscribers. Reply to all – sent to all Reply to sender – only sent to sender E-mail to listserv is auto-archived at P2030 Work Group Area (password protected) at ListServ Archived e-mails can be viewed under Subject Thread or Date Thread. 6 8
IEEE SCC21 2030 TM Standards Development P2030 Working Group Meeting June3-5, Santa Clara IEEE Meeting Protocol IEEE Standard 2030 Guide for Smart Grid Interoperability of Energy Technology and Information Technology Operation with the Electric Power System (EPS) and End-Use Applications and Loads Bill Ash, Senior Program Manager, IEEE Standards Association and Liaison to P2030 Project
Participants, Patents, and Duty to Inform All participants in this meeting have certain obligations under the IEEE-SA Patent Policy. Participants: • “Shall inform the IEEE (or cause the IEEE to be informed)” of the identity of each “holder of any potential Essential Patent Claims of which they are personally aware” if the claims are owned or controlled by the participant or the entity the participant is from, employed by, or otherwise represents • “Personal awareness” means that the participant “is personally aware that the holder may have a potential Essential Patent Claim,” even if the participant is not personally aware of the specific patents or patent claims • “Should inform the IEEE (or cause the IEEE to be informed)” of the identity of “any other holders of such potential Essential Patent Claims” (that is, third parties that are not affiliated with the participant, with the participant’s employer, or with anyone else that the participant is from or otherwise represents) • The above does not apply if the patent claim is already the subject of an Accepted Letter of Assurance that applies to the proposed standard(s) under consideration by this group Quoted text excerpted from IEEE-SA Standards Board Bylaws subclause 6.2 • Early identification of holders of potential Essential Patent Claims is strongly encouraged • No duty to perform a patent search 7 0
Patent Related Links All participants should be familiar with their obligations under the IEEE-SA Policies & Procedures for standards development. Patent Policy is stated in these sources: IEEE-SA Standards Boards Bylaws http://standards.ieee.org/guides/bylaws/sect6-7.html#6 IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manual http://standards.ieee.org/guides/opman/sect6.html#6.3 Material about the patent policy is available at http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/pat-material.html If you have questions, contact the IEEE-SA Standards Board Patent Committee Administrator at patcom@ieee.org or visit http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/index.html 7 1
Call for Potentially Essential Patents If anyone in this meeting is personally aware of the holder of any patent claims that are potentially essential to implementation of the proposed standard(s) under consideration by this group and that are not already the subject of an Accepted Letter of Assurance, either: • Speak up now • Provide the chair of this group with the identity of the holder(s) of any and all such claims as soon as possible, or • Cause an LOA to be submitted. 7 2
Other Guidelines for IEEE WG Meetings • All IEEE-SA standards meetings shall be conducted in compliance with all applicable laws, including antitrust and competition laws. • Don’t discuss the interpretation, validity, or essentiality of patents/patent claims. • Don’t discuss specific license rates, terms, or conditions. • Relative costs, including licensing costs of essential patent claims, of different technical approaches may be discussed in standards development meetings. • Technical considerations remain primary focus • Don’t discuss or engage in the fixing of product prices, allocation of customers, or division of sales markets. • Don’t discuss the status or substance of ongoing or threatened litigation. • Don’t be silent if inappropriate topics are discussed … do formally object. See IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manual , clause 5.3.10 and “Promoting Competition and Innovation: What You Need to Know about the IEEE Standards Association's Antitrust and Competition Policy” for more details. 7 3
P2030 Development General Concepts IEEE P2030 Draft Guide for Smart Grid Interoperability of Energy Technology and Information Technology Operation with the Electric Power System (EPS) and End-Use Applications and Loads Tom Basso IEEE P2030 Secretary {IEEE SCC21 Representative, and P1547.x Secretary}
IEEE Unifies Power, Communications and IT: Smart Grid Interoperability Standards Project P2030 Communications Information P2030 http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc21/index.html Technologies Technologies {exchange processes {data, facts, and for information}* knowledge}* Energy Technologies [electric power system, end use applications and loads] * {Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary} 75
Outline P2030 Scope and Purpose – another view P2030 standards development: IEEE 1547 DR interconnection standards as an example model - Advanced technology - 1547 series development - 1547 standards adoption/implementation 76
P2030 Draft Guide for Smart Grid Interoperability of Energy Technology and Information Technology Operation With the Electric Power System (EPS), and End-Use Applications and Loads. (PAR Approved March 19, 2009) Scope and Purpose Scope: This document provides guidelines for smart grid interoperability. This guide provides a knowledge base addressing terminology, characteristics, functional performance and evaluation criteria, and the application of engineering principles for smart grid interoperability of the electric power system with end use applications and loads. The guide discusses alternate approaches to good practices for the smart grid. Purpose: This standard provides guidelines in understanding and defining smart grid interoperability of the electric power system with end-use applications and loads. Integration of energy technology and information and communications technology is necessary to achieve seamless operation for electric generation, delivery, and end- use benefits to permit two way power flow with communication and control. Interconnection and intra-facing frameworks and strategies with design definitions are addressed in this standard, providing guidance in expanding the current knowledge base. This expanded knowledge base is needed as a key element in grid architectural designs and operation to promote a more reliable and flexible electric power system. http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc21/ 77
P2030 Draft Guide for Smart Grid Interoperability Scope: This document provides guidelines for smart grid interoperability. This guide provides a knowledge base addressing terminology, characteristics, functional performance and evaluation criteria, and the application of engineering principles for smart grid interoperability of the electric power system with end use applications and loads . The guide discusses alternate approaches to good practices for the smart grid. Purpose: This standard provides guidelines in understanding and defining smart grid interoperability of the electric power system with end-use applications and loads. Integration of energy technology and information and communications technology is necessary to achieve seamless operation for electric generation, delivery, and end-use benefits to permit two way power flow with communication and control. Interconnection and intra-facing frameworks and strategies with design definitions are addressed in this standard, providing guidance in expanding the current knowledge base. This expanded knowledge base is needed as a key element in grid architectural designs and operation to promote a more reliable and flexible electric power system. http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc21/ 78
P2030 Draft Guide for Smart Grid Interoperability Scope: This document provides guidelines for smart grid interoperability. This guide provides a knowledge base addressing terminology, characteristics, functional performance and evaluation criteria, and the application of engineering principles for smart grid interoperability of the electric power system with end use applications and loads. The guide discusses alternate approaches to good practices for the smart grid. Purpose: This standard provides guidelines in understanding and defining smart grid interoperability of the electric power system with end-use applications and loads. Integration of energy technology and information and communications technology is necessary to achieve seamless operation for electric generation, delivery, and end-use benefits to permit two way power flow with communication and control. Interconnection and intra-facing frameworks and strategies with design definitions are addressed in this standard, providing guidance in expanding the current knowledge base. This expanded knowledge base is needed as a key element in grid architectural designs and operation to promote a more reliable and flexible electric power system. http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc21/ 79
IEEE P2030 Standard Interoperability Smart Grid Concepts Systems Approach Interconnection & Interfaces Bulk Power Substations Technical Standards Advanced Technologies Systems Integration sensors EV Distribution System (Also, larger DER on transmission) Load Management Transmission System sensors sensors Communications and Information Technology – Combined Heat DER Information Flow, Data Management, & Power Monitor & Control Interconnection sensors 80
Some Smart Grid Definitions “ an automated, widely distributed energy delivery network characterized by a two-way flow of electricity and information, capable of monitoring and responding to changes in everything from power plants to customer preferences to individual appliances.” “a smart grid is the electricity delivery system (from point of generation to point of consumption) integrated with communications and information technology” Note: Other definitions may also be in the eyes of the beholder and multiple definitions may be a result of layers or sub-tiers of interoperability and end use applications but will have commonality once understood. 81
Interoperability Definitions/Concepts E.g., Interoperability (NATO member nations document)* “ the ability of systems, units, or forces to provide services to and accept services from other systems, units, or forces and to use the services exchanged to enable them to operate effectively together.” - Other {DOD} definitions of interoperability exist. And systems have become more complex – systems need to work together as a “system of systems” - Thus, “Interoperability involves interoperation of equipment, interoperability of military forces, interoperation among systems, and the interchangeable use of hardware and software across different systems.” * DoD Reliability Analysis Center publication: Selected Topics in Assurance Related Technologies - START Vol.10 No. 1 82
Outline P2030 Scope and Purpose – another view P2030 standards development: IEEE 1547 DR interconnection standards as an example model - Advanced technology - 1547 series development - 1547 standards adoption/implementation 83
DR Interconnection Traditional Approach: Independent Technologies Distribution Substation 138 kV - 12 kV DR Technology Platform DER Distribution Feeder 12 kV Electric Distribution System Electric Distribution System Technology Platform SMARTConnect Technology Platform Interconnection DER System Interconnection System Technology Platform Interconnection System 84
Technology Platforms A natural evolution of technology development Distribution Substation Power Plant Interconnection System Electric Technology Platform Distribution Feeder Distribution System Service Technology Transformer Platform DR/GenSet DER Technology Platform 85
DER and Interconnection Technologies Distributed Energy Interconnection Electric Power Resources Technologies Systems Utility Functions System Fuel Cell PV • Power Conversion • Power Conditioning Inverter • Power Quality Microgrids Microturbine Wind • Protection Loads • DER and Load Control Local Loads PHEV - V2G Energy • Ancillary Services Load Simulators Storage • Communications Switchgear, • Metering Relays, & Controls Generator 86
Outline P2030 Scope and Purpose – another view P2030 standards development: IEEE 1547 DR interconnection standards as an example model - Advanced technology - 1547 series development - 1547 standards adoption/implementation 87
1547 Series of Standards: model for P2030 • IEEE 1547 (2003, 2008r): Standard for DR interconnection (system and interconnection-test requirements & specs.) • IEEE 1547.1 (2005) Standard for conformance test procedures for equipment interconnecting DR with EPS • IEEE 1547.2 (2008) Guide to IEEE Std 1547 • IEEE 1547.3 (2007) Guide for MIC (monitoring, information exchange and control) of DR interconnected w/EPS • P1547.4 Guide for DR island systems • P1547.5 Guide for interconnection to transmission grid • P1547.6 Recommended Practice for DR in distribution secondary networks • P1547.7 Guide for impact studies for DR interconnection 88
American National Standard ANSI/IEEE Standard 1547 … 4.0 Interconnection Technical Specifications and Requirements: . General Requirements . Response to Area EPS Abnormal Conditions . Power Quality . Islanding 5.0 Test Specifications and Requirements: . Interconnection Test . Production Tests . Interconnection Installation Evaluation . Commissioning Tests . Periodic Interconnection Tests 89 89
IEEE Std 1547.1 (2005) Standard IEEE Std 1547.1 Standard for Conformance Test Procedures … -- specifies the type, production, and commissioning tests that shall be performed to demonstrate that interconnection functions and equipment of a distributed resource (DR) conform to IEEE Std 1547. Figure 1. Boundaries between the interconnection system, the EPS and the DR.
IEEE 1547.1 Standard Conformance Test Procedures … specifies the type, production, and commissioning tests that shall be performed to demonstrate that interconnection functions and equipment of a distributed resource (DR) conform to IEEE Std 1547. … 5.7 Unintentional Islanding 5.0 Type (Design) Tests 5.8 Reverse Power 5.1 Temperature Stability 5.9 Cease to Energize 5.2 Response to Abnormal Voltage Functionality and Loss of 5.3 Response to Abnormal Frequency Phase 5.4 Synchronization 5.10 Reconnect Time 5.5 Interconnection Integrity 5.11 Harmonics 5.6 DC injection 5.12 Flicker 6 - Production Tests 7 - Commissioning Tests • Verification and Inspections • Field Conducted type and Production Tests 91
IEEE Std 1547.2 Application Guide to 1547 … provides technical background and application details to support the understanding of IEEE 1547 Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems. 1. Overview 2. Normative references 3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations 4. Interconnection Systems 4.1 Interconnection System Descriptions 4.2 Interconnection System Functions 5. Distributed Resources 6. Electric power systems (EPSs) 7. Potential effects on area and local EPS 8. Application guidance for IEEE 1547 technical specifications and requirements 9. Application guidance for interconnection test specifications and requirements 10. Interconnection process information (cont’d) 92
IEEE Std 1547.2 Application Guide (cont’d) … Annex A (informative) Interconnection system equipment Interconnection system Thermal DC loads AC loads loads (within dashed lines) Power distribution Point of common Area EPS coupling DR unit DR unit electric (Prime movers, Transfer switch generator Power conversion, Local EPS generator, storage or paralleling DR protective protective switchgear relaying, DR relaying paralleling switch Meter Area EPS protective Thermal unit Power flow (heat recovery, relaying DR control cooling, Thermal flow storage) Operational control Area EPS DR Dispatch power monitoring/ and control system metering ( g rid) Figure A.1 – Functional diagram of an interconnection system 93
IEEE Std 1547.2 Application Guide (end) … Annex B (informative) Prime movers Annex C (informative) Power conversion technologies Annex D (informative) Design, construction, configuration, operation, and concerns of area and local EPSs Annex E (informative) Area and local EPS impacts Annex F (informative) System impact studies Annex G (informative) Electrical distribution system disturbances Annex H (informative) Interconnection process information Annex I (informative) Glossary Annex J (informative) Bibliography 94
IEEE Std 1547.3 Guide for MIC for DR … guidelines for monitoring, information exchange, and control (MIC) for distributed resources (DR) interconnected with electric power systems (EPS). Area EPS Operator DR Aggregator DR Operator DR Maintainer Information Exchange Interface (IEI) Area EPS PCC Point of Load Connection Point of DR … DR Connection DR DR Unit Building Load Controller Unit DR EMS Unit Matter of Packaging Local EPS Legend Interconnection Info Path (focus of this guide) Local Info Path (not addressed in this guide) Electric Path (not addressed in this guide) Figure 1. Reference diagram for information exchange. 95
IEEE Std 1547.3 MIC for DR … guidelines for MIC (monitoring, information exchange, and control) for DR (distributed resources) interconnected with electric power systems (EPS). … 4. General information about monitoring, information exchange and control (MIC) 4.5 Automatic Configuration 4.1 Interoperability Management 4.2 Performance 4.6 Information Modeling 4.3 Open Systems Approach 4.7 Protocols 4.4 Extensibility 5. Data exchange guidelines based on 4.1.6 of IEEE Std 1547 6. Business and operation processes 7. Information exchange model 8. Protocol Issues 9. Security guidelines for DR implementation (continued) 96
IEEE Std 1547.3 MIC for DR … (end) Annex A (informative) Bibliography Annex B (informative) Annotated list of protocols Annex C (informative) Open systems Annex D (informative) Introduction to business process concepts Annex E (informative) Use case template Annex F (informative) Sample use cases Annex G (informative) Sample information exchange agreement Annex H (informative) Information security issues and guidance 97
Outline P2030 Scope and Purpose – another view P2030 standards development: IEEE 1547 DR interconnection standards as an example model - Advanced technology - 1547 series development - 1547 standards adoption/implementation 98
Federal 2005 Energy Policy Act Cites & Requires IEEE 1547 (IEEE 1547 Developed By National Team of 444 Professionals) 99
State Implementation of Interconnection American National Standard IEEE 1547 NH ME VT RI MA CT NJ MD DE DC VA Implemented Not Adopted HI 10 0
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