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Ideologies and Pedagogies of Digital Economies in India
Lilly Irani Communication & Science Studies University of California, San Diego
Ideologies and Pedagogies of Digital Economies in India Lilly - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Ideologies and Pedagogies of Digital Economies in India Lilly - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Ideologies and Pedagogies of Digital Economies in India Lilly Irani Communication & Science Studies University of California, San Diego Speculating in Progressive Futures Entrepreneurship: High-tech capitals common sense
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Entrepreneurship: High-tech capital’s common sense
Government of India - 2012
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How “Innovation” Comes to Matter in India
The World Bank - 2004 INSEAD, Confederation of Indian Industry GII (now also WIPO sponsored)
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Hackathons as Global Labor Form
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The Festival Hackathon
D-Design’s hackathon: website banner announcing the hackathon
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Benoy Design grad student IIT, Bombay Vipin D-Design staff IIT, IIM alumnus “Ex-founder” Dev Web software consultant Nikhil Software consultant “Ex-founder”
Cast of characters
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Cast of characters
Lilly Ethnographer Participant-observer Krish Software consultant Hackathon partner Prem Legal anthropologist Expert on activists, the Indian state
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The text of a draft “road safety bill” anchored our speculative talk
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Political Friction as Creative Friction
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Prototype pages for the website
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Hidden pedagogy: “Bias to action”
The “bias to action” at Google Hiring for the “bias towards action” at the design studio
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Hidden pedagogy: Managing politics
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Hidden pedagogy: Fetishizing Ideas
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Hidden pedagogy: Infrastructuring non-authorial labor
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Hidden pedagogy: The discipline of “viability”
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Who can speculate profitably?
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The Struggle to Make Users
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Appendices
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Fast Relations: Coda
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A Hackathon on Human Infrastructure
Low paid workers as media for technological expression
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Hacking on code, workers at hand but at a distance
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Slow Code and Infrastructure Publics
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Design and its others
Design Craft Jugaad Time
- rientation
Future Past Now Social space Market- network Kinship Promiscuous
- pportunism
Rationality consciousness repetition improvisation Promise “authentic” modernity endangered heritage disordered modernity
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Figures of Citizenship
Nehruvian Post-liberalization “Middle” classes Proxy for masses Portrait of what nation can be Poorer classes producer-citizens Targets of “inclusive growth;” demographic dividend Role of state Manager of planned economy Facilitator of investment and entrepreneurship
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Future work
- Design thinking, or the cultural logic of
transnational citizenship
- Amazon Mechanical Turk and the
production of cultural data services
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Refiguring Citizenship
Refiguring citizenship: a child leads Gandhi on the “Design in Education” website.
- A transnational network forum
(Turner, 2006): sponsors include Stanford University and India’s National Institute of Design
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Individualisms
Sri Aurobindo. “A Preface on National Education.” 1921 Multiple Intelligences Howard Gardner, Harvard “India Tour 2012” Improvised Word Association Instrument Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara
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Shifting Modernities
- Developmental modernization as an arrow
- Alternate national/cultural modernities
(Gaonkar, 2002)
- Modernizing individuals
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From Design to Design Thinking
- H. Simon, 1962: “Everyone designs who
devises courses of action aimed at changing existing situations into preferred ones.”
- Buchanan, 1992: “a new liberal art of
technological culture” (Buchanan, 1992)
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Speculative Times
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Unleashing Entrepreneurs
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The Indian Entrepreneur
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Background Middle-class India The hackathon Implications
Methods and Sites
- 12 months ethnographic
fieldwork in India
- Focal fieldsite: Delhi design
consultancy
- Participant-observation, 37
interviews beyond the studio
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What’s a hackathon?
Credit: http://startuptucson.com/
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“Problem Citizens”
- “Where is India’s Steve Jobs?”
(Subramanian, 2011)
- Middle-class impatience with democratic
processes (Lukose, 2009; Fernandes, 2006)
- Intellectuals “talk, talk, talk;” People “wait around
for government”