I NDIVIDUALS Dr. Genevieve Grady Oregon Developmental Disabilities - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

A LCOHOL AND D RUG U SE W HEN W ORKING WITH I/DD I NDIVIDUALS Dr. Genevieve Grady Oregon Developmental Disabilities Coalition February 22, 2013

O BJECTIVES  Review of Alcohol and Illicit Drugs  Signs and Symptoms of Use, Misuse and Abuse  Use among those with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities  Recognizing Misuse and Abuse in the I/DD Individual  Potential Risks of Use, Misuse and Abuse  Ways to help

R EVIEW OF A LCOHOL AND I LLICIT D RUGS OBJECTIVE

D RUG C LASSIFICATION Depressants • CNS Depressant • Decreases physical and mental “downers” functioning • CNS Stimulant: Cocaine, Stimulants Methamphetamine “uppers” • Increases physical and mental functioning Cannabinoids • Cannabis: Marijuana, Hashish • Depresses, stimulates and hallucinates “pot”

D RUG C LASSIFICATION , CONT . • Opiates: Heroin, Opium, Methadone Opioids “dope” • Transcendent relaxation, euphoric • Drugs: MDMA (i.e., Ecstasy), GHB (i.e., Club Drugs liquid X), “pills” • Mild hallucinogen, psychedelic properties • General CNS depressant Hallucinogens • Block the conscious mind + “dissociatives” hallucinogenic

A LCOHOL AND F UN F ACTS Alcohol Heroin Meth

S IGNS AND S YMPTOMS OF U SE , M ISUSE AND A BUSE OBJECTIVE

T YPES OF U SE  Use  Drinking or drug taking behavior  Misuse Use  Drinking/drug behavior that leads to Misuse negative consequences  Abuse Abuse  Drinking/drug behavior that results in a medical or psychiatric diagnosis

U SE AMONG THOSE WITH I NTELLECTUAL AND D EVELOPMENTAL D ISABILITIES OBJECTIVE

I/DD AND I LLICIT S UBSTANCES Use • Abstinence is high • 25% used Impact • Lower level = same effect • = substance related problems Abuse • Less likely to use • More likely to abuse

R ECOGNIZING M ISUSE AND A BUSE IN THE I/DD I NDIVIDUAL OBJECTIVE

W HAT TO LOOK FOR : U SE I/DD Risk factors I/DD Substance Users

P OTENTIAL R ISKS OF U SE , M ISUSE AND A BUSE OBJECTIVE

W HAT TO LOOK FOR : I/DD P ITFALLS  Likelihood of abuse is relatively high  Greater effect with less consumption  Higher frequency of binge drinking  Equivalent, if not higher, consequences  May require addiction treatment sooner

W AYS TO H ELP OBJECTIVE

W HAT TO LOOK FOR : H ELP On-going assessment of use Social environments Feelings

S KILLS  Obstacles for skill building  Role Plays  Repetition  Real-Life Examples  Assertiveness Skills  Refusal skills  Discrimination Skills  Generalizability  Internal/External Locus of Control

Q UESTIONS ?

R EFERENCES  Cocco, K.M. & Harper, D.C. (2002). Substance use in people with mental retardation: A missing link in understanding community outcomes. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 46 , 33-40.  Simpson, M. (2012). Alcohol and intellectual disability: Personal problem or cultural exclusion. Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 16 , 183 – 192.  National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University. New York, NY: Substance Abuse and Learning Disabilities: Pease in a pod or apples and oranges. Available at: http://www.casacolumbia.org.