http://jdyeakel.github.io/teaching/dinos/ How to contact me - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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http://jdyeakel.github.io/teaching/dinos/ How to contact me - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Nov 15, 2023 107 likes •526 views

http://jdyeakel.github.io/teaching/dinos/ How to contact me Important information: Discussion sections: Monday @ 1:30-2:20 Paola Monday @ 2:30-3:20 Bobby CLSSRM 282 Discussion section starts NEXT week Make sure you are signed up Justin

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http://jdyeakel.github.io/teaching/dinos/

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How to contact me

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Important information: Discussion sections: Monday @ 1:30-2:20 Paola Monday @ 2:30-3:20 Bobby CLSSRM 282 Discussion section starts NEXT week Make sure you are signed up… Justin office hours: MW 2-4 (or by appt) SE1 288 (not today) Paola office hours: W 12:25-1:25 SE1 398 Bobby office hours: WF 10-11 alcove near SE1 281 Important Dates Class add deadline: 2/8 Course drop deadline: 2/8 Course drop (with W): 4/5

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The Textbook $68.32 on Amazon ?? UC Merced bookstore

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fresh soph jun sen 5 10 15 20 25

“I want to learn everything there is” “I want to fulfill a requirement” “Dinosaurs are cool” “Dinosaurs are fascinating”

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January is Velociraptor Awareness Month!!!

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Fossilization: A fine scale

Even osteocytes (bone cells) are preserved

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Routes to Fossilization Permineralization

  • Open spaces in organic material

is filled up with minerals

  • Crystals form within cell walls
  • This type of preservation conserves

cell structure

Trilobite

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Routes to Fossilization Mineralization and Recrystalization

Fossil Coral: Jurassic

  • Shell, bone, tissue replaced with

another mineral into a crystal

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Routes to Fossilization

Carbonization

Structure is typically compressed Pressure, heat force out gasses, liquids Leaves behind a carbon film !! Soft parts !!

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Routes to Fossilization

  • Molds
  • Casts
  • Little or no original material

Molds, casts

  • T. rex brain cast
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How long can fossils last?

Oldest hard part 600 Ma Oldest bones 500 Ma Oldest fossils: 3.8 Ga Oldest DNA: 60,000 Ka

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Depositional Environments & Taphonomy

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Taphonomy: study of the transition from the biosphere to

the lithosphere

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Key: Rapid Burial!

About to have a bad day

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Remains preserved at the death site (autochthonous) Remains transported (allochthonous)

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Fluvial (Rivers)

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Deserts (rare) Niger

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Shallow Marine (rare)

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All dinosaurs lived on land. Why do we care about coastal fossil sites, etc.?

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Placing fossils in TIME

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545 Ma 520 Ma 510 Ma 495 Ma

Absolute dates Relative ages Relative vs. Absolute Dating Issues:

  • Last appearance
  • Lazarus Taxa

Volcanic Ash OLDER YOUNGER

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Radiometric Dating via radioactive (UNSTABLE) isotopes If we know:

  • Original amt of parent isotope
  • How much of the parent isotope is left
  • Rate of decay of that isotope

Then we can estimate: Amount of elapsed time Absolute dating!

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Biostratigraphy Relative Dating

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George Cuvier (1769-1832)

  • a father of modern

paleontology

  • compared modern and fossil

skeletons

  • species are ‘stable’- no organic

flux

  • extinction is real
  • ‘catastrophism’

Indian elephant Mammoth

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Evolution: Change through time

  • ‘Unrolling’
  • Lamarckian

‘No extinction’

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x

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Evolution by Natural Selection

Charles Darwin Alfred Russel Wallace

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Evolution by Natural Selection!

time

  • 1. Inheritance

2. Variation

  • 3. Selective ‘force’

Variants don’t have equal reproductive success Fecundity Survivorship

+ Fitness

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Natural Selection: Purely mechanistic, not ‘guided’! gen1 gen2 gen3 gen4

time

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Individuals vs. Populations election => Individuals n => Populations NATURAL SELECTION EVOLUTION

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Modes of Selection t1 t2 t3

~speciation (this is what we will be focusing on) For Section: Think of examples (not the ones I use) for each e.g. human height e.g. birth weight in humans

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Speciation: Evolution by Natural Selection That is the theory... so what is the evidence?

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1.Homologous characteristics

Human Cat Whale Bat

related individuals share traits ~variations on the same theme

Evidence for Evolution

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Homology: The tetrapod body plan

Evidence for Evolution

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human limbs ~ dino limbs {The Tetrapod body plan}

Evidence for Evolution

Homologous

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fly wings ≉ pterosaur wings Analagous

Evidence for Evolution