How var iable is the fe e dstoc k fr om de gr ade d tr e e s - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

How var iable is the fe e dstoc k fr

• m

de gr ade d tr e e s and mill r e sidue s for bioe ne r gy pr

• duc tion?

Julie Ba rre tte Po stdo c to ra l fe llo w, NRCAN a nd L a va l Unive rsity Va nc o uve r, 8July 2016

Re se a rc he rs invo lve d

 E

ve lyne T hiffa ult, L a va l Unive rsity

 Ale xis Ac him, L

a va l Unive rsity

 Ma riya Ma rino va , Po lyte c hniq ue Mo ntré a l  F

ra nç o is Sa int-Pie rre , L a va l Unive rsity

 Da vid Pa ré , NRCAN-CF

S

 Suza nne We tze l, NRCAN-CWF

C

 I

sa b e lle Duc he sne , NRCAN-CWF C

 Sa lly K

rig stin, Unive rsity o f T

• ro nto

De g ra de d tre e s, wha t do the y lo o k like ?

F ung us a tta c ke d tre e s

Co mpa re d with no rma l tre e s !

F ire -kille d tre e s Spruc e b udwo rm-kille d tre e s

De g ra de d tre e s, wha t do the y lo o k like ?

Ho w impo rta nt a re the y a c c ro ss Ca na da ?

Newfoundland P.E.I Nova-Scotia New- Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British-Columbia Possibility Harvest Ratio Millions m3

F

• re st allo wab le c ut me ans, harve st and ratio o f harve st o ve r the allo wab le c ut b y

Canadian pro vinc e b e twe e n 1990 and 2003 (MF F P, 2015)

Wha t do e s the wo o d lo o k like ?

Co nc e rns

 The effect of wood degradation on the quality

• f wood from degraded trees for the

production of bioenergy, biofuels and bioproducts is not well known.

T he ma trix

Column_name Column_Description PROJECT Project name PLOT_CODE Plot number in the field NO_TREE Tree number SPECIES Tree species HUNTER Tree degradation status (please refer to the sheet named Hunter) DECAY_Perc Percentage of decay within disc area at 1.3m high in the tree (measured from ImageJ software) DBH_Tree Tree diameter at breast height (which refers to 1.3m high) measured in cm pH pH Ash Percentage of ash MC Wood powder's moisture content expressed in percentage on a wet basis HHV Higher heating value (dry) (MJ/kg) LHV Lower heating value (dry) (MJ/kg) C Carbon content expressed in percentage N Nitrogen content expressed in percentage S Sulfur content expressed in percentage P Phosphorus concentration (g/kg) K Potassium concentration (g/kg) Ca Calcium concentration (g/kg) Mg Magnesium concentration (g/kg) Mn Manganese concentration (g/kg) Cu Copper concentration (g/kg) Zn Zn concentration (g/kg) Al Aluminium concentration (g/kg) Fe Iron concentration (g/kg) Mo Molybdenum concentration (g/kg) B Boron concentration (g/kg) Sr Strontium concentration (g/kg) Extractives Percentage of extractives Holocellulose Percentage of holocellulose Lignin Percentage of lignin Cellulose Percentage of cellulose Hemicellulose Percentage of hemicellulose

Trials -samples

Living Dead

Living Dying New dead Old dead Old Dead (more decomposed)

Adapted from Hunter 1990

Va ria tio n in a sh c o nte nts: de g ra de d ha rdwo o ds

0.25 0.6 Mill re sidue s F ung us a tta c ke d

Ye llow bir c h Ash c onte nt (% )

0.4 1.1 Mill re sidue s F ung us a tta c ke d

Sugar maple Ash c onte nt (% )

Va ria tio n in a sh c o nte nts: fire - kille d tre e s a nd spruc e b udwo rm-kille d tre e s

0.26 0.20 Mill re sidue s F ire -kille d tre e s

Jac k pine Ash c onte nt (% )

0.27 0.31 Mill re sidue s F ire -kille d tre e s

Blac k spr uc e Ash c onte nt (% )

0.34 0.43 Mill re sidue s Spruc e b udwo rm- kille d tre e s

Blasam fir Ash c onte nt (% )

18.8 19.2 Mill re sidue s F ung us a tta c ke d

Sugar maple Calor ific value (MJ/ kg)

18.6 18.9 Mill re sidue s F ung us a tta c ke d

Ye llow bir c h Calor ific value (MJ/ kg)

Va ria tio n in c a lo rific va lue s: de g ra de d ha rdwo o ds

20.14 20.19 Mill re sidue s Spruc e b udwo rm- kille d tre e s

Balsam fir Calor ific value (MJ/ kg)

18.95 18.98 Mill re sidue s F ire -kille d tre e s

Blac k spr uc e Calor ific value (MJ/ kg)

20.12 20.14 Mill re sidue s F ire -kille d tre e s

Jac k pine Calor ific value (MJ/ kg)

Va ria tio n in c a lo rific va lue s: fire - kille d a nd spruc e b udwo rm-kille d tre e s

Va ria tio n in pH: fire -kille d a nd spruc e b udwo rm-kille d tre e s

4.87 4.56 Mill re sidue s F ire -kille d tre e s

Blac k spr uc e pH

4.93 4.15 Mill re sidue s F ire -kille d tre e s

Jac k pine pH

5.41 5.13 Mill re sidue s Spruc e b udwo rm-kille d tre e s

Balsam fir pH

Va ria tio n in lig nin c o nte nt : fire -kille d tre e s

24.93 26.71 Mill re sidue s F ire -kille d tre e s

Blac k spr uc e L ignin (% )

27.99 27.62 Mill re sidue s F ire -kille d tre e s

Jac k pine L ignin (% )

T he ma trix sho uld he lp e va lua te the wo o d pe lle t pro duc tio n po te ntia l fro m de g ra de d tre e s.

E xample :Wood pe lle t spe c ific ations Paramè tre s

E Np lus-A1

Diame tre (D), (mm)

6-8

L e ngth, (mm)

3.15-40

Wood de nsity – we t basis, (kg/ m 3)

≥ 600

Durability, (% )

≥ 97.5

Moisture c onte nt –we t basis, (% )

≤ 10

Ash, (% )

≤ 0.7

F ine s, (% )

≤ 1

L

• w he ating value , (MJ/ kg)

≥ 16.51

N, (% )

≤ 0.3

S, (% )

≤ 0.05

Cl, (% )

≤ 0.02

Additive s, (% )

T he ma trix sho uld he lp e va lua te b io c he mic a l c o nve rsio n po te ntia l fro m de g ra de d tre e s.

E xa mple : Auto no mo us b io re fine ry in Aspe n Plus

T he ma trix sho uld he lp e va lua te b io the rma l c o nve rsio n po te ntia l fro m de g ra de d tre e s.

T ha nk yo u!

Co nta c ts: julie .b a rre tte @ c a na da .c a , e ve lyne .thiffa ult@ sb f.ula va l.c a