Home and Building Automation System – an Overview Ambient intelligence: technology and design Fulvio Corno, Dario Bonino Politecnico di Torino, 2013/2014
Outline • Wired systems – MyOpen – KNX – ModBus • Wireless systems – ZigBee – EnOcean 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 2
MyOpen BTICINO PROTOCOL FOR MYHOME SYSTEM
MyOpen / OpenWebNet • MyOpen system – Initially proposed by Bticino (Legrand group) – Proprietary bus (SCS) – Proprietary low-level protocol – Simple configuration • Jumpers (can be carried by electricians) • Software – Accessible via OpenWebNet gateways 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 4
OpenWebNet • Allows external applications to communicate, monitor and control MyHome devices • Open Specification • Open protocol designed to work on minimal network requirements – E.g., phone connections 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 5
OpenWebNet • DTMF compatible – E.g., *1*1*12## Light 12, On • Defines 2 types of communication sessions – Command session • To send commands • To ask for device states • To require measure values – Event session • To monitor all the bus events, asynchronously 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 6
OpenWebNet - Messages • Tag structure – *tag1*tag2*tag3*...*tagN## • Tag – Allowed characters • {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, #} – Delimitator • * – Message end • ## • Content and structure changes for – Commands / State requests – Requests of measure values 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 7
OpenWebNet – Commands/States WHO Functionality Description • 3-tag structure 0 Scenarios – *WHO*WHAT*WHERE## • 1 Lighting WHO 2 Actuators – The command/request functionality (among a set of pre-defined values) 3 Load control • WHAT 4 Temperature control – The action to perform 5 Anti-burglar systems – Possible actions are specified for each 6 Intercom WHO value 7 Multimedia • WHERE 13 Gateway management – Identifies the message destination 15 CEN commands • Single device, device groups, scenarios, zones, etc. 16 / 22 Sound diffusion • WHAT and WHERE can have 17 Scenarios for MH200N gateways additional parameters 18 Energy management – WHAT#PAR1#PAR2...#PARn 25 CEN plus/ plus scenarios/ clean contacts – WHERE#PAR1#PAR2...#PARn 1001 Automation diagnostics 1004 Thermal control diagnostics 1013 Device diagnostics 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 8
OpenWebNet – Commands/States • Switch on the lamp with id=12 – *1*1*12## • Switch on the webcam with id=4000 – *7*0*4000## • Switch off the temperature control for the zone 1 – *4*303*1## • Switch off all lights – *1*0*0## 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 9
Idiosyncrasies / Peculiarities • Explicit State Notion • Same format for State changes and Commands • State change events only in monitoring sessions • State change events only for “active devices”, buttons and switches do not generate events. • States and commands only “defined” for “active” devices – Buttons and switches do not have an explicit state (independent from the controlled object) 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 10
More info • Open community at – http://www.myopen-legrandgroup.com/ – Free registration • Documentation, software, discussion groups, application showcase • Direct contact with Bticino engineers 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 11
KNX THE EUROPEAN DE-FACTO STANDARD (ALMOST) KNX is a standardized (EN 50090, ISO/IEC 14543), OSI-based network communications protocol for intelligent buildings. KNX is the successor to, and convergence of, three previous standards: the European Home Systems Protocol (EHS), BâtiBUS, and the European Installation Bus (EIB or Instabus). The KNX standard is administered by the KNX Association..
KNX • Formal merger of 3 leading systems for Home and Building Automation – EIB – EHS – BatiBus 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 13
KNX • All devices carry a “bit” of intelligence on -board • 2 Operating modes – S-MODE (System Mode) • Requires centralized binding & parameterization (with ETS) – E-MODE • Simple manipulation without PCs • Similar to MyOpen 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 14
Basic Principles • Based on the idea of distributed applications • Every device carries a BIT of «intelligence» on board • 2 Main operating modes • Requires centralized binding & S-MODE parameterization (with ETS (System Mode) software) • Simple manipulation without E-MODE PCs • Similar to MyOpen 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 15
Logic Architecture S-MODE E-MODE CONFIGURATION APPLICATION LINK 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 16
Application • Device implement “Distributed Applications” – Based on Datapoints • Distributed Applications = Datapoint Binding • Datapoints: – Represent process and control variables in the system – May be inputs, outputs, parameters, diagnostic data,… – Standardized Datapoint types – Grouped into Functional Blocks 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 17
KNX – Application (2) • Communication System and Protocol offer a reduced instruction set to – Read and Write (set and get) Datapoint values • Application semantics is mapped to – Data format – Bindings • 3 binding schemes – Free – Structured – Tagged binding 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 18
Datapoint Addressing example 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 19
Functional blocks: Lighting * Excerpt from 07_20_02 Lighting Actuators v1.4 AS – The KNX 2.0 specification 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 20
Datapoints: Lighting * Excerpt from 07_20_02 Lighting Actuators v1.4 AS – The KNX 2.0 specification 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 21
Datapoint specification: Blinds 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 22
Application = Datapoints Binding GroupAddress (multicast access to a datapoint) Binding GroupAddress (multicast access to a datapoint) 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 23
KNX - Binding • Free binding: – No a priori prescription on which Datapoints may be linked – Free addressing – Customized multicast grouping at the level of individual Datapoints – Central to S-Mode • Structured binding – Precise pattern for linking a whole set of Datapoints, usually corresponding to a Functional Block or Channel – Free-address • E.g., Controller and Push-button Modes • Tagged binding – … too complex … 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 24
Link - Connections TP 1 RF PL 110 Twisted pair cabling 868,3 MHz band for Short Communication over the mains SELV network and supply system Range supply network Asynchronous character Frequency Shift Keying, Spread frequency shift keying oriented data transfer and half maximum duty cycle of 1% signaling duplex bi-directional 32768 cps (chips per second) Asynchronous transmission of data communication Manchester data encoding packets and half duplex bi- Transmission rate: 9600 bit/s directional communication CSMA/CA collision avoidance Central frequency 110 kHZ KNXNet/IP All topologies may be used and Transmission rate: 1200 bit/s mixed (line, star, tree, ….) CSMA, compliant to EN 50065-1 Standard protocol for KNX devices connected to an IP network IP network as a fast backbone in KNX installations Tunnels KNX Frames over IP 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 25
KNX – Network technology • TP 1 (basic medium inherited from EIB) – Twisted pair cabling – SELV network and supply system – Asynchronous character oriented data transfer and half duplex bi-directional communication – Transmission rate: 9600 bit/s – CSMA/CA collision avoidance – All topologies may be used and mixed (line, star, tree, ….) 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 26
KNX – Network technology • PL 110 – Communication over the mains supply network – Spread frequency shift keying signaling – Asynchronous transmission of data packets and half duplex bi-directional communication – Central frequency 110 kHZ – Transmission rate:1200 bit/s – CSMA, compliant to EN 50065-1 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 27
KNX – Network technology • RF – 868,3 MHz band for Short Range – Frequency Shift Keying, maximum duty cycle of 1% – 32768 cps (chips per second) – Manchester data encoding 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 28
KNX – Network technology • KNXnet/IP – Standard protocol for KNX devices connected to an IP network – IP network as a fast backbone in KNX installations – Tunnels KNX Frames over IP 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 29
Link - Topology • LINE • Up to 256 devices • Connected into Areas via a Main Line • AREA • Up to 16 lines per area • Up to 16 Areas • Connected via a Backbone Line • Max. Number of devices • 65536 2013/2014 Ambient intelligence: technology and design 30
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