History and Philosophy of Robotics Laboratory for Perceptual - - PDF document
Foundations of Robotics Rod Grupen Department of Computer Science University of Massachusetts Amherst Laboratory for Perceptual Robotics Department of Computer Science History and Philosophy of Robotics Laboratory for Perceptual Robotics
Laboratory for Perceptual Robotics – Department of Computer Science
Rod Grupen Department of Computer Science University of Massachusetts Amherst
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a great epic describing the Trojan war, a world of mythical automata, where men do not act autonomously, but are instead controlled by Gods. Hephaestus, the divinity of mechanical arts and master of the forge, fabricates golden, three-legged automata with wheels that would mingle with other gods during get togethers and then return to their place and put themselves away. Statues that moved of their own accord were built by the legendary and mythical Daedalus (whose son was the famous Icarus), prototype of mechanical genius. Plato claimed that these statues had to be prevented from running away. Among them was a figure of Venus rendered mobile when quicksilver was poured into it according to Aristotle.
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Aristotle conceived of two kinds of knowledge:
principles, and
the physical realm is constantly changing, and models of it are mediated by the value that they contribute to the agent. A form of dualism that Descarte would later pick up again.
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1497 Clock Tower in Piazza San Marco, Venice, Italy 1350 Rooster flapping wings and on top of Cathedral in Strasbourg, France Town Hall, Munich, Germany Renaissance
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Vitruvian Man Automaton may have looked like this…
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King Edward VI of England (1552) bans automatic machines for shearing sheep in order to preserve the livelihood of the peasant class. Later, his sister, Elizabeth I, outlawed the production of a loom for the same
these new technologies threatened to destabilize social structures.
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Duality: two parallel universes humans are machines, possessing an animal spirit that inhabits space and time to receive stimuli from the environment and produce motor responses. Humans are conscious and consciousness need not conform to physics the two universes interacted in the pineal gland to create the dual nature of the human condition.
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Writer Draughtsman
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from the University of Bologna, was one of the first to conduct and experimental investigation of phenomenon known as bioelectrogenesis. electric current causes the contraction of the muscles in the leg of a frog when applied directly to the muscle
conceived of animal electricity - a fluid secreted by the brain that flows through nerves to activate muscles.
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with Pancho Villa
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robot - from robota, meaning serf labor, drudgery, hard work, servitude
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1. A robot may not harm a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. 2. A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. 3. A robot must protect its own existence, as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.
inaction, allow humanity to come to harm. (added after the initial three laws in Robots and Empire)
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R2-D2 and C-3PO
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Unimation’s Programmable Universal Machine for Assembly (PUMA) Joseph Engelberger
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Valentino Braitenberg Uphill Analysis Downhill Invention
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Joseph Ayers Northeastern full neural emulation
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exploring Antarctica's Mount Erebus volcano.
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Marc Raibert
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death head cockroach full gait simulation full neural simulation
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1998 Furby $30 1999 AIBO $2000
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$1.2M
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inexpensive, reliable, functional
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1986 2012 maybe $500M!
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a mobile manipulator
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Boston Dynamics Marc Raibert
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a mobile manipulator a spatial Roger
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UMass Laboratory for Perceptual Robotics
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Landau Reflex - “superman” pose, legs reflexively drop down into flexion when the infant’s head is pushed down
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the inspiration for our sequential programming project hierarchy…
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…we begin by studying the basic motor controllers that make the robot move….
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