Hearing the sirens of the early Universe: Primordial Black Holes & Gravitational Waves Bradley J Kavanagh GRAPPA, University of Amsterdam #GW4FP b.j.kavanagh@uva.nl 12 Nov 2019 @BradleyKavanagh github.com/bradkav
Disclaimer This talk contains references to mythical creatures, which may or may not exist. For example: Sirens Werewolves www.maicar.com aaronsimscompany and primordial black holes… 2 Bradley J. Kavanagh (GRAPPA, Amsterdam) Hearing the sirens of the early Universe: PBHs & GWs
<latexit sha1_base64="l3bkAcTGOF9hOY91kzgf/vspFVQ=">AB8XicbZDLSsNAFIZPvNZ6q7p0M1gEVyURweKq4MZlBXvBNpbJ9CQdOpmEmYlQ9/CjQtF3Po27nwbp5eFtv4w8PGfc5hz/iAVXBvX/XZWVtfWNzYLW8Xtnd29/dLBYVMnmWLYIlIVDugGgWX2DcCGynCmkcCGwFw+tJvfWISvNE3plRin5MI8lDzqix1v0T6UYR8dyHaq9UdivuVGQZvDmUYa56r/TV7Scsi1EaJqjWHc9NjZ9TZTgTOC52M40pZUMaYceipDFqP59uPCan1umTMFH2SUOm7u+JnMZaj+LAdsbUDPRibWL+V+tkJqz6OZdpZlCy2UdhJohJyOR80ucKmREjC5QpbnclbEAVZcaGVLQheIsnL0PzvOJZvr0o167mcRTgGE7gDy4hBrcQB0awEDCM7zCm6OdF+fd+Zi1rjzmSP4I+fzB9yCj7E=</latexit> <latexit sha1_base64="l3bkAcTGOF9hOY91kzgf/vspFVQ=">AB8XicbZDLSsNAFIZPvNZ6q7p0M1gEVyURweKq4MZlBXvBNpbJ9CQdOpmEmYlQ9/CjQtF3Po27nwbp5eFtv4w8PGfc5hz/iAVXBvX/XZWVtfWNzYLW8Xtnd29/dLBYVMnmWLYIlIVDugGgWX2DcCGynCmkcCGwFw+tJvfWISvNE3plRin5MI8lDzqix1v0T6UYR8dyHaq9UdivuVGQZvDmUYa56r/TV7Scsi1EaJqjWHc9NjZ9TZTgTOC52M40pZUMaYceipDFqP59uPCan1umTMFH2SUOm7u+JnMZaj+LAdsbUDPRibWL+V+tkJqz6OZdpZlCy2UdhJohJyOR80ucKmREjC5QpbnclbEAVZcaGVLQheIsnL0PzvOJZvr0o167mcRTgGE7gDy4hBrcQB0awEDCM7zCm6OdF+fd+Zi1rjzmSP4I+fzB9yCj7E=</latexit> <latexit sha1_base64="l3bkAcTGOF9hOY91kzgf/vspFVQ=">AB8XicbZDLSsNAFIZPvNZ6q7p0M1gEVyURweKq4MZlBXvBNpbJ9CQdOpmEmYlQ9/CjQtF3Po27nwbp5eFtv4w8PGfc5hz/iAVXBvX/XZWVtfWNzYLW8Xtnd29/dLBYVMnmWLYIlIVDugGgWX2DcCGynCmkcCGwFw+tJvfWISvNE3plRin5MI8lDzqix1v0T6UYR8dyHaq9UdivuVGQZvDmUYa56r/TV7Scsi1EaJqjWHc9NjZ9TZTgTOC52M40pZUMaYceipDFqP59uPCan1umTMFH2SUOm7u+JnMZaj+LAdsbUDPRibWL+V+tkJqz6OZdpZlCy2UdhJohJyOR80ucKmREjC5QpbnclbEAVZcaGVLQheIsnL0PzvOJZvr0o167mcRTgGE7gDy4hBrcQB0awEDCM7zCm6OdF+fd+Zi1rjzmSP4I+fzB9yCj7E=</latexit> <latexit sha1_base64="l3bkAcTGOF9hOY91kzgf/vspFVQ=">AB8XicbZDLSsNAFIZPvNZ6q7p0M1gEVyURweKq4MZlBXvBNpbJ9CQdOpmEmYlQ9/CjQtF3Po27nwbp5eFtv4w8PGfc5hz/iAVXBvX/XZWVtfWNzYLW8Xtnd29/dLBYVMnmWLYIlIVDugGgWX2DcCGynCmkcCGwFw+tJvfWISvNE3plRin5MI8lDzqix1v0T6UYR8dyHaq9UdivuVGQZvDmUYa56r/TV7Scsi1EaJqjWHc9NjZ9TZTgTOC52M40pZUMaYceipDFqP59uPCan1umTMFH2SUOm7u+JnMZaj+LAdsbUDPRibWL+V+tkJqz6OZdpZlCy2UdhJohJyOR80ucKmREjC5QpbnclbEAVZcaGVLQheIsnL0PzvOJZvr0o167mcRTgGE7gDy4hBrcQB0awEDCM7zCm6OdF+fd+Zi1rjzmSP4I+fzB9yCj7E=</latexit> Primordial Black Holes Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) could form in the early z � 10 8 Universe ( ) from large over-densities Mass roughly given by mass inside horizon at time of formation: [Green & Liddle, astro-ph/9901268] M � 10 � 17 10 � 15 10 � 13 10 � 11 10 � 9 10 � 7 10 � 5 10 � 3 10 � 1 10 1 10 3 10 5 g 10 18 10 20 10 22 10 24 10 26 10 28 10 30 10 32 10 34 10 36 10 38 eV 10 51 10 53 10 55 10 57 10 59 10 61 10 63 10 65 10 67 10 69 10 71 [Zel’dovich & Novikov (1967), Hawking (1971), Carr & Hawking (1974), Carr (1975)] 3 Bradley J. Kavanagh (GRAPPA, Amsterdam) Hearing the sirens of the early Universe: PBHs & GWs
PBH formation [1110.2484] How can we make a PBH? • Enhancement/feature in power spectrum [e.g. astro-ph/9509027, astro-ph/9605094, hep-ph/9710259, 1206.4188, 1709.05565] • Cosmic String Loops [e.g. Hawking (1987), Polnarev & Zembowicz (1991), gr-qc/9509012] • Bubble collisions [e.g. Hawking, Moss & Stewart (1982); La & Steinhart (1989)] Primordial Black Holes are a probe of the physics of the early Universe: “ Sirens of the early Universe” [Green, 1403.1198] 4 Bradley J. Kavanagh (GRAPPA, Amsterdam) Hearing the sirens of the early Universe: PBHs & GWs
PBH Constraints [Code online: github.com/bradkav/PBHbounds] 10 0 M K f PBH = Ω PBH / Ω DM OGLE 10 � 1 Radio EROS UFdwarfs evap O G L E ? 10 � 2 HSC CMB LIGO Assuming monochromatic mass function 10 � 3 10 � 18 10 � 15 10 � 12 10 � 9 10 � 6 10 � 3 10 0 10 3 M PBH [ M � ] [See e.g. 1607.06077, 1801.00808, 1806.05195 ] [Some dispute: 1712.06574, 1906.05950] 5 Bradley J. Kavanagh (GRAPPA, Amsterdam) Hearing the sirens of the early Universe: PBHs & GWs
A tale of two binaries B) Binaries formed in the A) Binaries formed after early Universe close encounters [Nakamura et al, astro-ph/9708060, [Bird et al., 1603.00464] Sasaki et al, 1603.08338] Hubble flow 6 Bradley J. Kavanagh (GRAPPA, Amsterdam) Hearing the sirens of the early Universe: PBHs & GWs
Early Universe Binaries If f PBH ~ 1, the relative density of PBHs equals the background radiation density at matter-radiation equality. (Almost) all PBHs form binaries… 7 Bradley J. Kavanagh (GRAPPA, Amsterdam) Hearing the sirens of the early Universe: PBHs & GWs
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