Health Impact Assessment and Planning Michelle Madeley American - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Health Impact Assessment and Planning Michelle Madeley American Planning Association Planning and Community Health Center Washington , DC Plan4Health Research Forum May 25, 2016 planning.org

HIA Steps Screening Scoping Assessment Recommendations Reporting Monitoring and evaluation

Planning Definitions  Plan: – An official document that sets goals, identifies objectives, and establishes policies that guide future development in a specified geographic area.  Policy: – An operational process or rule necessary for achieving the goals and objectives set forth in a plan.  Project: – An action undertaken to implement a plan or policy. planning.org

Number of Planning HIAs Conducted in the U.S., by year 30 29 26 Number of HIAs 23 20 16 10 10 10 9 8 2 1 0 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Axis Title planning.org

Overview of findings Planning HIAs make up 1/3 of the 350+ Primary Planning Topic Addressed by HIAs # HIAs completed or in progress in the Land Use 70 United States Comprehensive Plan 12 Development Regulations 10 Transportation 9 Plan, Policy, or Action Alcohol and Food 7 Public Finance 6 Plan Environmental 5 11% Regional 4 Policy Disaster Mitigation 2 22% Housing 2 67% Project Growth Management 2 Action Community Services 2 Climate Change 2 Infrastructure 1 planning.org

HIAs Examined for Research Study planning.org

Findings from the in-depth analysis 1. HIAs employ publicly-available data, as well as specialized, local data. 2. HIAs use readily-available indicators, as well as tailored indicators a) Population indicators b) Health indicators c) Planning indicators 3. HIA recommendations frequently included recommendations for planners, public health officials, as well as other organizations and community partners. planning.org

Case Study: Growing for Kane HIA  Location: Kane County, IL  Year: 2013  Decision level: County  Topic: Policy/Land Use  HIA on proposed amendment to the County’s farmland protection program  HIA recommended creating a separate “sister” Ordinance  Kane County approved and implemented the new “Growing for Kane” Ordinance in 2013 planning.org

Case Study: Atlanta Regional Plan 2040  Location: Atlanta, GA  Year: 2012  Decision level: Regional  Topic: Plan/Regional planning.org

Conclusions 1. HIA and planning share best practices and core values. 2. HIA illustrates a number of connections between health and planning. 3. HIA catalyzes and fosters cross-sector collaboration. 4. HIA is evolving. planning.org

Looking ahead APA’s HIA and Planning Project • Summary Report • Issue Brief for policymakers • Toolkit for planners Big Picture • Bringing HIA to new communities • Identifying sustainable sources of funding for HIA • Evaluating HIA recommendation implementation and post-HIA outcomes • Leveraging the HIA process to promote Health in all Policies approaches planning.org

planning.org

Use of Health Impact Assessment Across the U.S. ORIGINAL RESEARCH + THE ROLE OF REAL ESTATE DEVELOPERS SARA HAMMERSCHMIDT UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS/URBAN LAND INSTITUTE

HIA Basics

Stages of HIA Source: Pew, Health Impact Project

Primary Types of HIA Type Length of Time to Level of Complete Community Engagement Desktop A few weeks None Rapid A few weeks to a Basic couple months Comprehensive Several months to Extensive a year or more

Global Roots

HIA Basics  Conduct early in the decision-making process for greatest impact  Costs to conduct vary dramatically  Tool is growing in popularity and use  Involve stakeholders from a variety of disciplines

Doctoral Research

Survey: HIA use in planning departments HIA Conducted in Respondent's City (N = 145) 14% Yes, with planner involvement 30% Yes, without planner 10% involvement No Don't know 46%

Survey: HIA use in planning departments Year HIA with Planning Involvement was First Conducted (N = 21) 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2006 and 2007-2008 2009-2010 2011-2012 2013 (to Don't know earlier date)

Interviews: Opinions on HIA in Planning “I see an HIA as taking a “Health Impact Assessment was look at a design of a plan just, in many ways, a tool to get in and evaluating the effects, the door, but our commitment but in some of our recent wasn’t to that particular tool. Our work we’re starting with commitment was to the health as one of the integration and collaboration. ” San Francisco Health Department Interviewee inputs.” Seattle Interviewee “ If [health data] were considered in a planning process then I’m not sure the HIA would be pertinent .” Orlando Interviewee

Other Ways to Incorporate Health in Planning  Invite health partners to participate in plan and project review  Hold education sessions for planners  Utilize or develop tools that work for existing planning processes that consider health (e.g. data sharing, mapping)  Many cities now moving towards a Health in All Policies Approach

Real Estate Developers and Building Healthy Places

Developers and HIA: Examples from Practice Jack London Gateway Senior Housing Developer: East Bay Asian Local Development Corporation (EBALDC) Source: Flickr/East Bay Asian Local Development Corporation

Developers and HIA: Examples from Practice Mariposa Developer: Denver Housing Authority Source: Denver Post

Developers and HIA: Examples from Practice Claiborne Corridor Developer: Alembic Community Development Source: Curbed New Orleans, The New Orleans Advocate

HIA: Benefits of Including Developers  Demonstrate the health benefits of a project to broader audience  Avoid delays that occur due to HIA findings  Help validate the feasibility of HIA findings  Collect baseline data to help track and promote changes in health outcomes upon project completion

Conclusions: The Future of HIA  May not be best tool to use continuously to integrate health into projects and plans  Good tool to use for getting departments/stakeholders talking  Good tool to use on “big” projects “A Health Impact Assessment by itself is not going to [foster collaboration]. It makes a statement, it creates a point in the process, but I think it’s what we do behind it.” San Francisco Interviewee

Thank you!  sara.hammerschmidt@uli.org  uli.org/health

Resources Plan4Health Website  http://www.plan4health.us/health-impact-assessments/ Online Course: Planning for Healthy Places with Health Impact Assessments  “How to" guide for conducting HIAs developed by APA and NACCHO and sponsored by CDC  http://advance.captus.com/planning/hia2/home.aspx NACCHO’s Health Impact Assessment Resources:  http://www.naccho.org/topics/environmental/health-impact-assessment/ Human Impact Partners’ Tools and Resources:  http://www.humanimpact.org/capacity-building/hia-tools-and-resources/ Health Impact Project: http://www.pewtrusts.org/en/projects/health-impact-project