Health Impact Assessment and Planning Michelle Madeley American - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Health Impact Assessment and Planning Michelle Madeley American - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Health Impact Assessment and Planning Michelle Madeley American Planning Association Planning and Community Health Center Washington , DC Plan4Health Research Forum May 25, 2016 planning.org HIA Steps Screening Scoping Assessment

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Health Impact Assessment and Planning

Michelle Madeley

American Planning Association Planning and Community Health Center Washington , DC Plan4Health Research Forum May 25, 2016

planning.org

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Screening Scoping Assessment Recommendations Reporting Monitoring and evaluation

HIA Steps

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Planning Definitions

planning.org

  • Plan:

– An official document that sets goals, identifies

  • bjectives, and establishes policies that guide future

development in a specified geographic area.

  • Policy:

– An operational process or rule necessary for achieving the goals and objectives set forth in a plan.

  • Project:

– An action undertaken to implement a plan or policy.

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Number of Planning HIAs Conducted in the U.S., by year

planning.org 1 2 9 8 10 10 16 29 26 23 10 20 30 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Axis Title Number of HIAs

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Overview of findings

planning.org

Planning HIAs make up 1/3 of the 350+ HIAs completed or in progress in the United States Primary Planning Topic Addressed by HIAs

# Land Use 70 Comprehensive Plan 12 Development Regulations 10 Transportation 9 Alcohol and Food 7 Public Finance 6 Environmental 5 Regional 4 Disaster Mitigation 2 Housing 2 Growth Management 2 Community Services 2 Climate Change 2 Infrastructure 1

67% 22% 11%

Plan, Policy, or Action

Plan Policy Project Action

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HIAs Examined for Research Study

planning.org

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Findings from the in-depth analysis

planning.org

  • 1. HIAs employ publicly-available data, as well as

specialized, local data.

  • 2. HIAs use readily-available indicators, as well as

tailored indicators

a) Population indicators b) Health indicators c) Planning indicators

  • 3. HIA recommendations frequently included

recommendations for planners, public health

  • fficials, as well as other organizations and

community partners.

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planning.org

Case Study: Growing for Kane HIA

  • HIA on proposed amendment to the County’s

farmland protection program

  • HIA recommended creating a separate “sister”

Ordinance

  • Kane County approved and implemented the

new “Growing for Kane” Ordinance in 2013

 Location: Kane County, IL  Decision level: County  Year: 2013  Topic: Policy/Land Use

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Case Study: Atlanta Regional Plan 2040

planning.org

 Location: Atlanta, GA  Decision level: Regional  Year: 2012  Topic: Plan/Regional

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planning.org

  • 1. HIA and planning share best practices

and core values.

  • 2. HIA illustrates a number of

connections between health and planning.

  • 3. HIA catalyzes and fosters cross-sector

collaboration.

  • 4. HIA is evolving.

Conclusions

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Looking ahead

APA’s HIA and Planning Project

  • Summary Report
  • Issue Brief for policymakers
  • Toolkit for planners

planning.org

Big Picture

  • Bringing HIA to new communities
  • Identifying sustainable sources of funding for HIA
  • Evaluating HIA recommendation implementation and post-HIA outcomes
  • Leveraging the HIA process to promote Health in all Policies approaches
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planning.org

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Use of Health Impact Assessment Across the U.S.

ORIGINAL RESEARCH + THE ROLE OF REAL ESTATE DEVELOPERS

SARA HAMMERSCHMIDT UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS/URBAN LAND INSTITUTE

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HIA Basics

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Stages of HIA

Source: Pew, Health Impact Project

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Primary Types of HIA

Type Length of Time to Complete Level of Community Engagement Desktop A few weeks None Rapid A few weeks to a couple months Basic Comprehensive Several months to a year or more Extensive

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Global Roots

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HIA Basics

  • Conduct early in the decision-making process for greatest impact
  • Costs to conduct vary dramatically
  • Tool is growing in popularity and use
  • Involve stakeholders from a variety of disciplines
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Doctoral Research

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Survey:

HIA use in planning departments

14% 10% 46% 30% HIA Conducted in Respondent's City (N = 145)

Yes, with planner involvement Yes, without planner involvement No Don't know

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Survey:

HIA use in planning departments

1 2 3 4 5 6 2006 and earlier 2007-2008 2009-2010 2011-2012 2013 (to date) Don't know

Year HIA with Planning Involvement was First Conducted (N = 21)

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Interviews: Opinions on HIA in Planning

“If [health data] were considered in a planning process then I’m not sure the HIA would be pertinent.”

Orlando Interviewee

“Health Impact Assessment was just, in many ways, a tool to get in the door, but our commitment wasn’t to that particular tool. Our commitment was to the integration and collaboration.”

San Francisco Health Department Interviewee

“I see an HIA as taking a look at a design of a plan and evaluating the effects, but in some of our recent work we’re starting with health as one of the inputs.”

Seattle Interviewee

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Other Ways to Incorporate Health in Planning

  • Invite health partners to participate in plan and project review
  • Hold education sessions for planners
  • Utilize or develop tools that work for existing planning processes that

consider health (e.g. data sharing, mapping)

  • Many cities now moving towards a Health in All Policies Approach
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Real Estate Developers and Building Healthy Places

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Developers and HIA: Examples from Practice

Source: Flickr/East Bay Asian Local Development Corporation

Jack London Gateway Senior Housing

Developer: East Bay Asian Local Development Corporation (EBALDC)

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Developers and HIA: Examples from Practice

Source: Denver Post

Mariposa

Developer: Denver Housing Authority

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Developers and HIA: Examples from Practice

Claiborne Corridor

Developer: Alembic Community Development

Source: Curbed New Orleans, The New Orleans Advocate

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HIA:

Benefits of Including Developers

  • Demonstrate the health benefits of a project to broader audience
  • Avoid delays that occur due to HIA findings
  • Help validate the feasibility of HIA findings
  • Collect baseline data to help track and promote changes in health
  • utcomes upon project completion
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Conclusions: The Future of HIA

  • May not be best tool to use continuously to integrate health into

projects and plans

  • Good tool to use for getting departments/stakeholders talking
  • Good tool to use on “big” projects

“A Health Impact Assessment by itself is not going to [foster collaboration]. It makes a statement, it creates a point in the process, but I think it’s what we do behind it.” San Francisco Interviewee

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Thank you!

  • sara.hammerschmidt@uli.org
  • uli.org/health
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Resources

Plan4Health Website

  • http://www.plan4health.us/health-impact-assessments/

Online Course: Planning for Healthy Places with Health Impact Assessments

  • “How to" guide for conducting HIAs developed by APA and NACCHO and

sponsored by CDC

  • http://advance.captus.com/planning/hia2/home.aspx

NACCHO’s Health Impact Assessment Resources:

  • http://www.naccho.org/topics/environmental/health-impact-assessment/

Human Impact Partners’ Tools and Resources:

  • http://www.humanimpact.org/capacity-building/hia-tools-and-resources/

Health Impact Project: http://www.pewtrusts.org/en/projects/health-impact-project