Hadron Physics at J-PARC K10 beam line Hiroaki Ohnishi RIKEN/RCNP - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Reimei WS at Tokai/J-PARC August/09/2016

Hadron Physics 
 at J-PARC K10 beam line

Hiroaki Ohnishi RIKEN/RCNP Osaka Univ.

How the matter created by QCD

high-density matter hadron nuclei quark

QCD is the “theory” to describe strong interaction Final goal is to understand strong interacting matter quark/hadron/nuclei to high density nuclear matter However, even the first step
 how hadron created from quarks is not clear yet.

Questions need to be answered

• How hadrons are formed from quarks


What is the effective DoF to describe hadron?

• How the property of the hadron are

changing when the environmental condition is changed, such as high density?

Questions need to be answered

• How hadrons are formed from quarks


What is the effective DoF to describe hadron?

• How the property of the hadron are

changing when the environmental condition is changed, such as high density?

Hadron in nuclear media

• quark condensates 


will change as a function of T/ρ

• will be realize


at high T and ρ
 （restoration of chiral symm.)

• relation exist between and Hadron mass,


for example, Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation


QGP

neutron star

SPS, RHIC, LHC KEK-PS J-PARC

W.Weise NPA553, 59 (1993).

< ¯ qq >

< ¯ qq >= 0

−4mq < ¯ qq >= m2

πf 2 π

−(mq + ms) < ¯ qq + ¯ ss >= m2

Kf 2 K

< ¯ qq >

Hadron in nuclear media

• quark condensates 


will change as a function of T/ρ

• will be realize


at high T and ρ
 （restoration of chiral symm.)

• relation exist between and Hadron mass,


for example, Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation


QGP

neutron star

SPS, RHIC, LHC KEK-PS J-PARC

W.Weise NPA553, 59 (1993).

< ¯ qq >

< ¯ qq >= 0

−4mq < ¯ qq >= m2

πf 2 π

−(mq + ms) < ¯ qq + ¯ ss >= m2

Kf 2 K

Meson property will change under 
 the extremely condition 
 < ¯ qq >

The property of the hadron in nucleus

• Meson in nucleus will be a good probe to

investigate QCD vacuum structure, 
 c.f. @

• different meson will probe different

condensation parameters

< q¯ q >ρ

ρ ̸= 0

< ¯ qq >2

ρ + < ¯

uγµDµu >ρ

ρ,ω(light ) : φ ( ) :

ms < ¯ ss >ρ

mQ < ¯ qq >ρ

D (light-heavy):

{

＋ … ＋ …

< q¯ q > ¯ ss

π : K :

−4mq < ¯ qq >= m2

πf 2 π

−(mq + ms) < ¯ qq + ¯ ss >= m2

Kf 2 K

One example:
 Kaon(K) in nucleus

• K and N interaction is strongly attractive


( Λ(1405) play the leading role in KN interaction)

• If attraction is strong enough, Kaonic nucleus 


(K nucleus bound state) will be cleated

Y.Akaishi & T.Yamazaki, PLB535, 70(2002).

Why Kaonic nucleus

• why Kaonic nucleus is interesting/important?
• High density nuclear matter could be produced


due to strong attraction between K and nucleon

Why Kaonic nucleus

• why Kaonic nucleus is interesting/important?
• High density nuclear matter could be produced


due to strong attraction between K and nucleon adding K

One example:
 Kaon(K) in nucleus

• Since long time, 


theoretical investigation 
 and
 experiments to search 
 for the Kaonic nucleus,
 ( simplest one will be 
 S=-1 dibaryon or KNN )
 are performed.

One example:
 Kaon(K) in nucleus

• Since long time, 


theoretical investigation 
 and
 experiments to search 
 for the Kaonic nucleus,
 ( simplest one will be 
 S=-1 dibaryon or KNN )
 are performed.

Theory Experiment

One example:
 Kaon(K) in nucleus

• Since long time, 


theoretical investigation 
 and
 experiments to search 
 for the Kaonic nucleus,
 ( simplest one will be 
 S=-1 dibaryon or KNN )
 are performed.

Theory Experiment

Recently , new very important results are reported 
 from J-PARC

K-pp(or S=-1 dibaryon)?

K-pp(or S=-1 dibaryon)?

Σ0p

M(K+p+p) M(π+Σ+N)

• Y. Ichikawa et al., PTEP (2015) 021D01

d(π+,K+) reaction/E27

K-pp(or S=-1 dibaryon)?

Σ0p

M(K+p+p) M(π+Σ+N)

• Y. Ichikawa et al., PTEP (2015) 021D01

d(π+,K+) reaction/E27

3He(K-,Λp)n reaction/E15

• Y. Sada et al., PTEP (2016) 051D01.

K-pp(or S=-1 dibaryon)?

Σ0p

M(K+p+p) M(π+Σ+N)

• Y. Ichikawa et al., PTEP (2015) 021D01

d(π+,K+) reaction/E27

3He(K-,Λp)n reaction/E15

• Y. Sada et al., PTEP (2016) 051D01.

Theoretical interpretation and new data

• Sekihara, Oset, Ramos, arXiv:1607.02058
• Two peak structures near the KNN threshold are

predicted


quasi-elas@c kaon scaCering KbarNN bound-state

Theoretical interpretation and new data

• Sekihara, Oset, Ramos, arXiv:1607.02058
• Two peak structures near the KNN threshold are

predicted


quasi-elas@c kaon scaCering KbarNN bound-state

E152nd

M[K+p+p] M[π+Σ+N]

New high statistics 
 data from E15 data indicates two peaks!

Meson in nucleus

• K nucleus will be studied insensibly at J-PARC


( for example search for the bound state 


• ther than KNN )
• It will be very interesting, if we will be able to 


produce “double K in nucleus”. 
 it may be possible, via (K-,K+) reaction or
 pstop on 3He ( pstop +3He → K+K+ K-K-pn )
 But, it will be difficult due to huge background

• HI collision will be good place to search such 


exotic state, even though huge background is expected.

Meson in nucleus

• K nucleus will be studied insensibly at J-PARC


( for example search for the bound state 


• ther than KNN )
• It will be very interesting, if we will be able to 


produce “double K in nucleus”. 
 it may be possible, via (K-,K+) reaction or
 pstop on 3He ( pstop +3He → K+K+ K-K-pn )
 But, it will be difficult due to huge background

• HI collision will be good place to search such 


exotic state, even though huge background is expected.

What will be next?

Lesson from resent progress on hadron physics

Recent discoveries

• Many tetra/penta-quark candidates are

discovered at collider experiments such as
 Belle/LHCb, etc.

Recent discoveries

• Many tetra/penta-quark candidates are

discovered at collider experiments such as
 Belle/LHCb, etc.

X(3872)

• discovered inB±→K±π+π-J/ψ decay
• Known decay mode: X(3872) →π+π-J/ψ
• JPC = 1++ (recently determained)
• Now X(3872) is understood as mixture of

– – – 
 


¯ cc

D∗0D0

c ͞c c ͞d d ͞c c ͞d d ͞c

D*+ D- D*0 D0

+ +

charmonium

D∗+D−

Recent discoveries

• Many tetra/penta-quark candidates are

discovered at collider experiments such as
 Belle/LHCb, etc.

Recent discoveries

• Many tetra/penta-quark candidates are

discovered at collider experiments such as
 Belle/LHCb, etc.

Z+(4430)

• discovered in B decay.
• known Decay mode : Z+ → ψ’ π+


the state must contained , but with charge! – minimum quark content might be

• Genuine tetra quark?
• + (di-quark and anti di-quark)
• molecule ?
• mixture of above states

c ͞c ͞u d ͞c d c ͞u

D- D0

• r/and

Structure of the Z resonance is not clear yet

¯ cc

¯ cc ¯ du

¯ q¯ q

qq

D ¯ D

Recent discoveries

• Many tetra/penta-quark candidates are

discovered at collider experiments such as
 Belle/LHCb, etc.

Recent discoveries

• Many tetra/penta-quark candidates are

discovered at collider experiments such as
 Belle/LHCb, etc.

Penta quark with charm quark

charm quark will play important roles
 to understand hadron

charm quark will play important roles
 to understand hadron

D meson in nuclear media?

D meson in nucleus

• Uniqueness for D meson
• Modification is magnified largely due to mass
• f charm quark ( )
• different interaction pattern for :
• nly may suffering the effect of “Pauli

Blocking”
 → interaction for could be
 very different 


mQ < ¯ qq >ρ

¯ D(¯ cq), D(c¯ q) ¯ D(¯ cq), D(c¯ q) ¯ D(¯ cq), D

D meson in nucleus

• Uniqueness for D meson
• Modification is magnified largely due to mass
• f charm quark ( )
• different interaction pattern for :
• nly may suffering the effect of “Pauli

Blocking”
 → interaction for could be
 very different 


mQ < ¯ qq >ρ

D±

in medium vacuums

D+

D−

mass separation between

¯ D, D in nuclear media

is expected

¯ D(¯ cq), D(c¯ q) ¯ D(¯ cq), D(c¯ q) ¯ D(¯ cq), D

Prediction of D+D- mass splitting

P h y s . L e t t . 
 B 6 3 3 , 4 3 P h y s . R e v . C 8 4 , 
 1 5 2 8 P h y s . R e v . C 7 9 , 
 2 4 9 8 P h y s . R e v . C 8 1 , 
 6 5 2 4 E u r . P h y s . J . 
 A 6 , 3 5

coupled 
 channel approach chiral model quark-meson coupling

D+

D−

QCD sum rule

isospin average

P h y s . L e t t . 
 B 4 8 7 , 9 6 E u r . P h y s . J . C 7 4 , 3 2 1 P h y s . R e v . 
 C 9 2 6 5 2 5

Prediction of D+D- mass splitting

P h y s . L e t t . 
 B 6 3 3 , 4 3 P h y s . R e v . C 8 4 , 
 1 5 2 8 P h y s . R e v . C 7 9 , 
 2 4 9 8 P h y s . R e v . C 8 1 , 
 6 5 2 4 E u r . P h y s . J . 
 A 6 , 3 5

coupled 
 channel approach chiral model quark-meson coupling

D+

D−

QCD sum rule

isospin average

P h y s . L e t t . 
 B 4 8 7 , 9 6 E u r . P h y s . J . C 7 4 , 3 2 1 P h y s . R e v . 
 C 9 2 6 5 2 5

D meson mass reduced
 in nuclear matter?

P h y s . L e t t . 
 B 6 3 3 , 4 3 P h y s . R e v . C 8 4 , 
 1 5 2 8 P h y s . R e v . C 7 9 , 
 2 4 9 8 P h y s . R e v . C 8 1 , 
 6 5 2 4 E u r . P h y s . J . 
 A 6 , 3 5 P h y s . R e v . 
 C 7 9 , 
 2 5 2 2 a r X i v : 1 5 1 1 . 
 4 5 1 3

coupled 
 channel approach chiral model quark-meson coupling QCD sum rule

D+

D−

Prediction of D+D- mass splitting

isospin average

P h y s . L e t t . 
 B 4 8 7 , 9 6 E u r . P h y s . J . C 7 4 , 3 2 1 P h y s . R e v . 
 C 9 2 6 5 2 5

P h y s . L e t t . 
 B 6 3 3 , 4 3 P h y s . R e v . C 8 4 , 
 1 5 2 8 P h y s . R e v . C 7 9 , 
 2 4 9 8 P h y s . R e v . C 8 1 , 
 6 5 2 4 E u r . P h y s . J . 
 A 6 , 3 5 P h y s . R e v . 
 C 7 9 , 
 2 5 2 2 a r X i v : 1 5 1 1 . 
 4 5 1 3

coupled 
 channel approach chiral model quark-meson coupling QCD sum rule

D+

D−

Prediction of D+D- mass splitting

isospin average

P h y s . L e t t . 
 B 4 8 7 , 9 6 E u r . P h y s . J . C 7 4 , 3 2 1 P h y s . R e v . 
 C 9 2 6 5 2 5

New QCD sum calculation predict mass increased
 in nuclear matter

How to produce 
 D mesons at J-PARC?

How to produce 
 D mesons at J-PARC? high momentum high intensity antiproton beam

How to produce 
 D mesons at J-PARC? high momentum high intensity antiproton beam

One of the Physics program
 at K10

• H. Takahashi (KEK)

• H. Takahashi (KEK)

• H. Takahashi(KEK)

charmed meson in nuclear matter

charmed meson in nuclear matter

• we may observe enhancement of D+D-

production at threshold

charmed meson in nuclear matter

• D+ meson bound nucleus may produce
• we may observe enhancement of D+D-

production at threshold

charmed meson in nuclear matter

• D+ meson bound nucleus may produce
• we may observe enhancement of D+D-

production at threshold

Suppression of DD
 production 
 at threshold

charmed meson in nuclear matter

• Sub-threshold enhancement of D+D- production
• n pbar-A interaction (Euro.Phys.J A,351)


T(GeV)

charmed meson in nuclear matter

• Sub-threshold enhancement of D+D- production
• n pbar-A interaction (Euro.Phys.J A,351)


T(GeV)

reduction because of 
 fermi-motion of nucleonin nucleus

charmed meson in nuclear matter

• Sub-threshold enhancement of D+D- production
• n pbar-A interaction (Euro.Phys.J A,351)


T(GeV)

reduction because of 
 fermi-motion of nucleonin nucleus

due to mass reduction

charmed meson in nuclear matter

• Sub-threshold enhancement of D+D- production
• n pbar-A interaction (Euro.Phys.J A,351)


T(GeV)

reduction because of 
 fermi-motion of nucleonin nucleus

due to mass reduction heavy D in matter

charmed meson in nuclear matter

Lesson from strange meson: 
 How to deduce interaction strength?

¯ KN

charmed meson in nuclear matter

Lesson from strange meson: 
 How to deduce interaction strength?

¯ KN

compare momentum spectra
 for example, C and Pb The spectra will contained
 information about real part 
 for KN potential

• Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 (2009) 182501

charmed meson in nuclear matter

Lesson from strange meson: 
 How to deduce interaction strength?

¯ KN

same measurement can 
 be possible on D mesons 
 to investigate DN interaction compare momentum spectra
 for example, C and Pb The spectra will contained
 information about real part 
 for KN potential

• Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 (2009) 182501

D meson nuclear bound state?

• However, no way to produce slow D meson


D meson momentum ~ 2 GeV/c @ 10 GeV/c Theory tells us that meson bound state 
 might be exist

¯ D or D

Physics Letters B 690 (2010) 369

D0A bound

¯ p

Production of slow D meson

Production of slow D meson

• (Probably) Best elementary process to

produce slowly moving D meson will be

Production of slow D meson

• (Probably) Best elementary process to

produce slowly moving D meson will be

Initial: Final:

¯ p d

¯ p + d → D−Λ+

c (forward)

D−

Λ+

c / Λc(2593)+

Production of slow D meson

• (Probably) Best elementary process to

produce slowly moving D meson will be

momentum for D-
 ~ 300 MeV/c 
 in Lab. flame

Momentum of D- produced this
 elementary process is ~ 300 MeV/c

Initial: Final:

¯ p d

¯ p + d → D−Λ+

c (forward)

D−

Λ+

c / Λc(2593)+

Production of slow D meson

• (Probably) Best elementary process to

produce slowly moving D meson will be

momentum for D-
 ~ 300 MeV/c 
 in Lab. flame

Momentum of D- produced this
 elementary process is ~ 300 MeV/c

Initial: Final:

¯ p d

¯ p + d → D−Λ+

c (forward)

D−

Λ+

c / Λc(2593)+

Good process to produce D mesic nucleus
 (if interaction is attractive )

¯ DN

Possible 
 DAY-1 experiment
 at K10

production cross section

• No experimental data available for production
• n reaction near the threshold

¯ DD

¯ pp

¯ DD

PRD93,034016 PRD89,114003 Eur.Phys.J. A48 (2012) 31

production cross 
 section at threshold will be 
 sensitive with Ψ(3770)

¯ D0D0

if Ψ(3770) is normal 
 charmonium ( like Ψ(2S) ),
 it will have strong coupling
 to pp

production cross section

Enhancement of
 production cross section 
 expected near threshold

¯ DD

w/ Ψ(3770) w/o Ψ(3770) w/ Ψ(3770) w/o Ψ(3770)

¯ DD

production cross section

w/ Ψ(3770) w/o Ψ(3770) w/ Ψ(3770) w/o Ψ(3770)

• Production cross section
• ~ 100 nb ( ) @6.6GeV/c
• ~ 200 nb ( ) @6.6GeV/c

¯ D0D0 D−D+

• Beam intensity
• 3x107 /6s (100 kW)

¯ p

• Produced D pairs/100 days
• 6 x106 ( )
• 1.2 x107 ( )

¯ D0D0 D−D+

at J-PARC

¯ DD

• Ψ(3770)→J/Ψππ→µµππ
• ~ 6 x102

Consideration for the detector

• Focusing on the channel
• Momentum range for produced D 


: 2.4 GeV/c - 4.6 GeV/c

concept of the detector


• > Large acceptance coverage 


angler coverage : 


• azimuthal : 5° - 90° 

• polar : 2π

¯ pp → ¯ DD

emitted angle 
 correlation btw pion and Kaon from D decay

Baseline design for the detector

yoke

coil coil

Solenoid magnet (1.1 T)

2550 mm 2770 mm

Large solenoid magnet


Large solenoid magnet


total mass：300t

(like FINUDA magnet at Frascati)

Baseline design for the detector

yoke

coil

5° 45° 90°

coil

Solenoid magnet (1.1 T)

10°

Baseline design for the detector

yoke

coil

5° 45° 90°

coil

Solenoid magnet

EMC

CDC

Forward 
 tracker

(1.1 T)

10°

Time 


• f Flight

EM Cal

Lead-Scinti
 calorimeter
 (KLOE type)

Signal and Background

¯ pp → D0 ¯ D0 → K+π−K−π+

¯ pp → K+π−K−π+

detected all 4 tracks

(signal) (background)

Required :

1.83 GeV < Minv(K+π−) < 1.89 GeV

D

σ ¯

DD : σK+π−K−π+

=1:1000

107/pulse, 6.6 GeV/c ¯ p

Precision on cross section 
 measurement ~ 10% level

100 days

We may conclude whether the contribution from
 Ψ(3770) exist on the production at 
 threshold or not.

¯ DD

Expected precision of 
 measurement

¯ DD

Heavy ion beam 
 with K10 spectrometer

• H. Takahashi (KEK)

If HI beam is available at J-PARC,


• H. Takahashi (KEK)

If HI beam is available at J-PARC,


• H. Takahashi (KEK)

If HI beam is available at J-PARC,


• H. Takahashi (KEK)

If HI beam is available at J-PARC,
 HI collision experiment can be done with
 beam transfer line from High-p to K10

Summary

• Meson in nucleus will give us unique information

about the QCD vacuum
 ( in finite density )

• charmed meson in nucleus will be one of the key

topics which can be realized at J-PARC K10

• Spectrometer at K10 is going to be 


multi-purpose / large acceptance detector.


• nce beam transport line from High-p to K10


is constructed, HI experiment with K10 spectrometer
 will be possible.


< ¯ qq >