Gut health and microbiota in post-smolt Atlantic salmon fed larvae - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Gut health and microbiota in post-smolt Atlantic salmon fed larvae - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Gut health and microbiota in post-smolt Atlantic salmon fed larvae meal from black soldier fly Yanxian Li 1 , Leonardo Bruni 3 , Alexander Jaramillo-Torres 1 , Trond M. Kortner 1 , Elvis M. Chikwati 1 , Ikram Belghit 2 , Erik-Jan Lock 2 , shild

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Gut health and microbiota in post-smolt Atlantic salmon fed larvae meal from black soldier fly

Yanxian Li1, Leonardo Bruni3, Alexander Jaramillo-Torres1, Trond M. Kortner1, Elvis M. Chikwati1, Ikram Belghit2, Erik-Jan Lock2, Åshild Krogdahl1

1Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine,

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Oslo, Norway

9 Oct. 2019

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SLIDE 2

33.5 24.8 19.5 18.3 14.6 31.1 16.6 11.2 10.9 10.4 22.2 35.5 36.7 36.7 40.1 12.5 18.3 19.2 20.1 11.2 8.4 11.1 11.2 10.7 2 2.2 3.1 3.7 4 2000 2010 2012 2013 2016

Norwegian salmon farming in search of alternative feed ingredients

Insects

Source: Ytrestøyl et al., 2015; Aas et al., ISFNF 2018.

Nutrient sources in Norwegian salmon farming 1990-2016

65.4

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Black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens

  • Proximate composition (DM basis):
  • Fatty acids: diet dependent
  • Excellent amino acid profile

✓ Protein: 36% ✓ Lipids: 18% ✓ Ash: 9.3

Source:

http://edge.rit.edu/edge/P17422/public/Photo%20Gallery/Lifecycle%20of%20BSFL.jpg

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Aquafly: Insects as natural feed ingredients for sustainable salmon farming Gut healt lth and micr icrobio iota

Marco algae Brewery wastes

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Freshwater feedin ing tri rial

Die Diet form

  • rmula

lation Ingredients (% dry matter) REF IM Fish meal LT94 35 6 Black soldier fly larvae meal 60 Soy protein concentrate 29.6 5 Wheat gluten 14.3 14.4 Fish oil 4.6 6.9 Rapeseed oil 12 4.8 Vitamin & Mineral premix 0.3 0.3 Additives 4.2 2.6 Proximate analysis Dry matter 93.6 95.5 Crude lipids 18 22 Crude proteins 47 44 Glycogen 10.5 11.6 Ash 7.9 6.7 TBARS 6.9 16.9

  • Initial body weight, 49 ± 1.5 g
  • 4 tanks/diet, 100 fish/tank
  • Continuous feeding, 24-h illumination
  • Dirdal, Rogaland, Norway
  • 8 weeks
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Se Seawater feedin ing tr tria ial

Die Diet form

  • rmula

lation:

  • Initial body weight, ~1.4 Kg
  • 3 net pens/diet, 90 fish/net pen
  • Satiation feeding, twice daily
  • Inndyr, Nordland, Norway
  • 18 weeks

Ingredients (% dry matter) REF IM Fishmeal LT94 10 Black soldier fly larva meal 14.75 Soy protein concentrate 25 25 Corn gluten meal 7.5 7.5 Wheat gluten meal 3.35 6.88 Pea protein concentrate 55 8.8 2.84 Fish oil 10.18 14.76 Rapeseed oil 20.95 14.73 Binder 12.32 11.24 Additives 1.89 2.29 Yttrium 1.0 1.0 Proximate analysis Dry matter (%) 93 95 Crude Protein (%) 38 39 Crude Lipid (%) 29 29 Ash (%) 4.6 4.5 Carbohydrates (%) 11.6 11.4 Gross energy (MJ/kg) 24.6 25.0 TBARS (nmol/g) 3.0 4.9

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SLIDE 7

Growth perf rform rmance and feed utili tilizatio ion

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Gastroin intestin inal l tr tract of

  • f Atla

tlantic ic sa salm lmon

PI1 PI2 DI1 DI2

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SLIDE 9

Organosamtic ic ind indic ices *

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Dig igestiv ive fu functio ions: : try trypsin in acti tivit ity and bil ile sa salt lts in in chyme *

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Dig igestiv ive fu functio ions: : bru rush border enzyme acti tivit ity

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His istolo logic ical examin inatio ion Sub-optimal health conditions:

1.Enterocyte hypervacuolization 2.Inflammation

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Normal

His istolo logic ical examin inatio ion: : hyperv rvacuoli lizatio ion

Normal

Source: Hanche-Olsen et al., 2013

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His istolo logic ical examin inatio ion: : hyperv rvacuoli lizatio ion

Normal

Source: Hanche-Olsen et al., 2013

hpv

Hypervacuolization

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His istolo logic ical examin inatio ion : : hyperv rvacuoliz lizatio ion

Lipid malabsorption

Source: Hanche-Olsen et al., 2013

“Floating feces” problem

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His istolo logic ical examin inatio ion : : hyperv rvacuoliz lizatio ion *

COMPOUNDS IN LIPID TRANSPORT

Time: Thursday, October 10 14.30 - 16.50 Location: Lounge 1-3 Talk 2. Lipid malabsorption in six, Norwegian Atlantic salmon farms Talk 3. Effects of dietary cholesterol, phospholipids and bile salts on intestinal lipid metabolism Talk 4. Effects of dietary phosphatidylcholine and choline on intestinal lipid metabolism Talk 1. Nutrients involved in digestion and transport of lipid across the intestinal mucosa of Atlantic salmon: an overview

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SLIDE 17

His istolo logic ical examin inatio ion: : in infla lammatio ion

Credits: Elvis M. Chikwati

sm snv lp

Normal Inflammation

*

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His istolo logic ical examin inatio ion: : in infla lammatio ion

Credits: Elvis M. Chikwati

sm snv lp

Normal Inflammation

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SLIDE 19

His istolo logic ical examin inatio ion: : in infla lammatio ion

Credits: Elvis M. Chikwati

sm snv lp

Normal Inflammation

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SLIDE 20

Gene expression profiling

Lipid metabolism

qPCR

ApoA1

Barrier function Immune response Xenobiotic metabolism

CD3γδ IL-10 TGF-β1 Foxp 3 MyD88 IL-8 IFN-γ FABP2b MMP13 AQP8ab CYP1A1 HSP70 MT-A SOD1 CAT Caspase 6 Claudin-15 Claudin-25b PCNA IL1-β CD8β MHC-I IL-17a IL4 Plin2 ApoA4 PCYT1A CHK MTP ApoB E-cadherin ZO-1 Mucin-2

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Gene Gene exp xpressio ion profili filing

PI DI

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Gut micr icrobio iota profilin iling

Sampling

REF IM IM REF DIC DIM REF-DIC Sample origin IM-DIC IM-DIM REF-DIM Diet DNA extraction Amplicon PCR

Miseq PE300

Library preparation

(V1-2 16S rRNA)

Phyloseq …

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Alph lpha-div iversit ity

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Be Beta-div iversit ity REF IM

PERMANOVA Diet: p = 0.001

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Be Beta-div iversit ity

PERMANOVA Sample origin: p = 0.001

Contents Mucosa

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Be Beta-div iversit ity

PERMANOVA Interaction: p = 0.001

Contents Mucosa

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Ass ssocia iatio ion testin ing usi sing MaAsLin in2

Freshwater trial:

  • Diet effect: 37 differentially abundant taxa

✓ IM: 10 taxa↓, 27 taxa ↑ ✓ Reproduced parts of results from the freshwater trial

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑

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Ass ssocia iatio ion testin ing usin sing MaAsLin in2

  • Sample origin effect: 48 differentially abundant taxa

✓ Mucosa: 46 taxa↓, 2 taxa ↑

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Su Summary ry

increased submucosal cellularity in proximal intestine digestive functions growth and feed utilization No or minor diet effect on : increased relative weight of distal intestine expression of selected marker genes However, IM-based diet, reduced enterocyte hypervacuolization in proximal intestine modulated gut microbiota: intestinal contents > mucosa

↑ Bacillus, Oceanobacillus, Corynebacterium, Enterococcus; ↓ Peptosteptococcus, Photobacterium

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Åshild Krogdahl Professor Nutrition Nicole Nyquist

  • Assoc. prof,

DVM Trond Kortner

  • Assoc. prof,

Mol biology Yanxian Li PhD stud. Biology Alex Torres Post doc. DVM Guro Løkka Researcher Mol biology Jie Wang PhD stud. Biology Weiwen Zhou PhD stud. Biology Kirsti Præsteng Technician Ellen Hage Technician Lab leader Anne K Hansen PhD stud. Biology

The Nutrition group, NMBU vet. School

Erik-Jan Lock, Rune Waagbø , Robin Ørnsrud, Heidi Amlund , Ikram Belghit , Irene Biancarosa , Elisa Menchitti Roger Strand, Dorothy Dankel, Matthias Kaiser Ivar Pettersen Andre Gilburn, Isobel Swinscoe Johan Johansen Svenja Heesh Tarique Arsiwalla Huibert Everdingen Mario Giampietro, Sandra Bukkens Christoffer Troedsson Christian Brückner

Elin Valen Technician Jintao Liu Visiting researcher

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SLIDE 31

Slides available at: Contact: yanxian.li@nmbu.no