Good Morning! MC S 2490/ BMS 2308 Package Production J anuary - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Good Morning! MC S 2490/ BMS 2308 Package Production

J anuary 2017 Ulrich Werner

Course Description

„ An introduction to radio package; the fundamentals and techniques of sound production and the element involved in the design and production of radio package.”

T echnicalitiesto the Course

Syllabus Course Content and Assessments Course Web Page

Course S yllabus

Course S yllabus

• Y
• u find more information on

http:/ /studyinthailand.org course page

The Course Project

• Produce a three minute documentary for radio

broadcast on a controversial topic of your choice in a professional manner.

• Y
• u can work in teams of not more than three

students, or you can work on your own, if you prefer.

• Y
• u may download your free trial version of

Adobe Audition here.

Now it’s time to make your teams, or to decide whether you will work on your own.

Please submit a sheet of paper with the

• names. If you prefer to work alone, you are

a team on your own (and get a team number as well).

Introduction to Audio

What is Audio?

• Audio means "of sound" or "of the reproduction of

sound".

• Specifically, it refers to the range of frequencies

detectable by the human ear — approximately 20Hz to 20kHz.

• It's not a bad idea to memorise those numbers —

20Hz is the lowest-pitched (bassiest) sound we can hear, 20kHz is the highest pitch we can hear.

What is Audio?

• Audio work involves the production, recording,

manipulation and reproduction of sound waves.

• T
• understand audio you must have a grasp of two

things: – Sound Waves: What they are, how they are produced and

how we hear them.

– Sound Equipment: What the different components are,

what they do, how to choose the correct equipment and use it properly.

The Field of Audio Work

• Studio Sound Engineer
• Live Sound Engineer
• M usician
• M usic Producer
• DJ
• Radio technician
• Film/ T

elevision Sound Recordist

• Field Sound Engineer
• Audio Editor
• Post-Production Audio

Creator

The Field of Audio Work

• In addition, many other professions require a level of

audio proficiency.

• For example, video camera operators should know

enough about audio to be able to record good quality sound with their pictures.

Audio in Video

• Speaking of video-making, it's important to recognize

the importance of audio in film and video.

• A common mistake amongst amateurs is to

concentrate only on the vision and assume that as long as the microphone is working the audio will be fine.

• However, satisfactory audio requires skill and effort.

Sound is critical to the flow of the program — indeed in many situations high quality sound is more important than high quality video.

How S

• und Waves work
• Sound waves exist as variations of pressure in a

medium such as air.

• They are created by the vibration of an object, which

causes the air surrounding it to vibrate.

• The vibrating air then causes the human eardrum to

vibrate, which the brain interprets as sound.

How S

• und Waves Work
• Sound waves travel through air in much the same

way as water waves travel through water.

• The wave shown here represents a constant tone at a

set frequency. Y

• u will have heard this noise being

used as a test or identification signal. This "test tone" creates a nice smooth wave which is ideal for technical purposes. Other sounds create far more erratic waves.

How S

• und Waves work
• Note that a waveform graph is two-dimensional but

in the real world sound waves are three-dimensional.

• The graph indicates a wave traveling along a path

from left to right, but real sound waves travel in an expanding sphere from the source.

• However the 2-dimensional model works fairly well

when thinking about how sound travels from one place to another.

How S

• und Waves work
• In an electronic signal, high values represent high

positive voltage.

• When this signal is converted to a sound wave, you

can think of high values as representing areas of increased air pressure.

• When the waveform hits a high point, this

corresponds to molecules of air being packed together densely.

• When the wave hits a low point the air molecules

are spread more thinly.

How S

• und Waves work

In the diagram below, the black dots represent air

• molecules. As the loudspeaker vibrates, it causes the

surrounding molecules to vibrate in a particular pattern represented by the waveform. The vibrating air then causes the listener's eardrum to vibrate in the same

• pattern. Voilà — Sound!

Why you need to know this

• All audio work is about manipulating sound waves.
• The end result of your work is this series of high and

low pressure zones.

• That's why it's so important to understand how they

work - they are the "material" of your art.

S

• und Wave Properties

Wavelength: The distance between any point on a wave and the equivalent point on the next phase. Literally, the length of the wave. Amplitude: The strength or power of a wave signal. The "height" of a wave when viewed as a graph. Higher amplitudes are interpreted as a higher volume, hence the name "amplifier" for a device that increases amplitude. Frequency: The number of times the wavelength

• ccurs in one second. M easured in kilohertz (Khz),
• r cycles per second. The faster the sound source

vibrates, the higher the frequency. Higher frequencies are interpreted as a higher pitch. For example, when you sing in a high-pitched voice you are forcing your vocal chords to vibrate quickly.

How S

• und Waves Interact with E

ach Other

• Sound waves which are exactly in phase add together to produce a

stronger wave.

• Sound waves which are exactly inverted, or 180 degrees out of phase,

cancel each other out and produce silence. This is how many noise- cancellation devices work.

• Sound waves which have varying phase relationships produce differing

sound effects.

Thank you for your attention.

Don’t forget the Review T es t next clas s !