Global Drylands Assessment (GDA) Agadir, Morocco March 20 th 24 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Agadir, Morocco March 20th – 24th, 2017

Global Drylands Assessment (GDA) Using Collect Earth Tools and Opportunities for Forest Restoration

Results in the Mediterranean Region

1Pablo

Martín-Ortega, Luis G. García-Montero,

1Fernando

García-Robredo, 1Cristina Pascual et al.2

• 1Dpto. de Ingeniería y Gestión Forestal y Ambiental (U.D.

Análisis Ambiental) E.T.S. de Ingenieros de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid (Spain) Contact: marortpab@gmail.es

2FAO, Forestry Department, Rome (Italy)

• 1. Main Results of the Global Drylands Assessment

(GDA) in the Mediterranean Region

• 2. Map of Opportunities for Forest Restoration in the

Mediterranean Region

Global Drylands Assessment (GDA)

Source: FAO 2016

Definition of drylands

Source: UNEP-WCMC (2007)

Aridity index P/PET < 0,65

Source: Bey et al., 2016 0,5 Ha

• 1. Main results of the Global Drylands Assessment (GDA) in the

Mediterranean region

1. Main results of GDA in the Mediterranean region

• The area surveyed in this GDA assessment included part of Europe, Middle East and

Northern Africa

• Drylands of the Mediterranean Basin account for 147.540.202 Ha in countries around the

Mediterranean sea.

• Drylands account for 17,26 % of all area of the Mediterranean Countries

Area per aridity zones Drylands category Plot Count Area (Ha) Hyperarid 5 236.225 Arid 769 19.916.099 Semiarid 3.846 76.906.906 Dry subhumid 2.341 50.480.972 Total 6.961 147.540.202

1. Main results of GDA in the Mediterranean region

• Area of Mediterranean drylands as % of total dryland areas in similar regions

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 3,5 % Relative area (%) Regions

1. Main results of GDA in the Mediterranean region

6.961 plots

Hyperarid (5) 0,16% Arid (769) 13,5% Semiarid (3.846) 52,3% Dry subhumid (2.341) 34,2%

% Plots per aridity zones

1. Main results of GDA in the Mediterranean region

Drylands category Global Mediterranean East Africa Southern Africa West Africa Central Asia Middle East SouthWest Asia South America North America Hyperarid (%) 17.97 0.16 18.73 2.47 31.58 4.77 51.97 2.32 4.61 0.38 Arid (%) 23.22 13.50 32.70 17.01 38.76 30.97 27.18 40.09+ 8.00 12.20 Semiarid (%) 35.89 52.13 33.05 51.64 29.66 42.53 14.27 39.63 46.39 56.46 Dry Subhumid (%) 22.92 34.22 15.53 28.89 19.11 21.73 6.58 17.95 41.00 30.95

1. Main results of GDA in the Mediterranean region Area per FAO Global Ecological Zones (8 GEZ)

20,000,000 40,000,000 60,000,000 80,000,000

Water Temperate mountain… Subtropical desert Temperate continental… Tropical desert Subtropical mountain… Subtropical steppe Subtropical dry forest Extension of FAO GEZ within the region Area (HA) Source: FAO GEZ 2010

1. Main results of GDA in the Mediterranean region

• Index of FAO Global Ecological Zones (GEZ) by relative size of total dryland area

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 16 GEZ index

1. Main results of GDA in the Mediterranean region 21 Ecoregions out of 825 (2,54%) Source: Olson et al., 2001

10,000,000 20,000,000 30,000,000

Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests South Appenine mixed montane forests Crete Mediterranean forests Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests Cyprus Mediterranean forests Pindus Mountains mixed forests Northwest Iberian montane forests Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean… Iberian conifer forests Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed… Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests Tyrrhenian-Adriatic Sclerophyllous and mixed forests Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent… Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe Mediterranean woodlands and forests

Extension of the 21 Olson et al. 2001 Ecoregions Area (HA) 1. Main results of GDA in the Mediterranean region

1. Main results of GDA in the Mediterranean region

• Index of Ecoregions (Olson et al., 2001) by relative size of total dryland area

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6,4

1. Main results of GDA in the Mediterranean region 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 % of plots

18,91%

• Settlements increased by 12.06%
• Croplands increased by 0.69%
• Wetlands decreased by 3.41%
• Otherlands decreased by 1.38%
• Grasslands decreased by 1.28%
• Forests decreased by 0.81%

1. Main results of GDA in the Mediterranean region IPCC Land use change in the region 2001-2014

1. Main results of GDA in the Mediterranean region IPCC Forest land use change in the region 2001-2014 Source: FAO 2017

• 97,71% of the forests present in 2001 have remained until 2014.
• Net overall decrease of 0,81%
• Net overall increase or “Greening” of 1,50 %

1. Main results of GDA in the Mediterranean region Trees according to IPCC land categories by dryland category

• Average tree cover (%) in Human environments

Settlement 53.96% (Morocco) Cropland 29.78% (Spain) Source: Google Earth

1. Main results of GDA in the Mediterranean region Forests according to Forest Resources Assesment definition (FRA) FAO FRA classes Forest Other wooded land Other land with tree cover Other land Inland water bodies Total Area (Ha) 23.720.568 5.672.845 10.934.447 105.767.293 1.361.887 147.540.202 % 16,09 3,85 7,42 71,73 0,92 100 27,36% Area covered of woody vegetation

1. Main results of GDA in the Mediterranean region Number of Trees Tree cover (%)

Drylands in the Mediterranean region Total area (Ha) with trees 54.662.716 Number of trees per area (Ha) 17 Drylands category Total area (Ha) Total area with tree canopy (ha) Total area with tree canopy (%) Total area of the tree canopy (Ha) Total area of the tree canopy (%) Hyperarid 236.225 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 Arid 19.916.100 2.675.521 13,4 534.697 2,6 Semiarid 76.906.907 27.468.722 35,7 9.451.655 12,2 Dry subhumid 50.480.973 25.122.938 49,7 10.874.919 21,5 Total 147.540.202 55.267.181 37,4% 20.861.271 14.1%

Source: FAO 2013

1. Main results of GDA in the Mediterranean region 2 to 49 % 50 to 100 %

• 2. Map
• f
• pportunities

for forest restoration in the Mediterranean region

2. Map of opportunities for forest restoration in the Mediterranean region

• Which areas show opportunities for restoration?
• Human Footprint Index (HFP) (Venter et al., 2016)
• HFP: Built environments, population density, roads, croplands,

pasture lands, railways…

2. Map of opportunities for forest restoration in the Mediterranean region

2. Map of opportunities for forest restoration in the Mediterranean region

2. Map of opportunities for forest restoration in the Mediterranean region

2. Map of opportunities for forest restoration in the Mediterranean region

• Did tree cover increased in areas that reduced their Human Footprint index in the last 16 years?

HFP increase Tree cover % HFP decrease

2. Map of opportunities for forest restoration in the Mediterranean region

2. Map of opportunities for forest restoration in the Mediterranean region

Total: 856.433.582 Ha Restoration: 147.284.945 Ha (17,19%)

Total: 199.104.150 Ha Restoration: 80.054.780 Ha (40,2%)

Thank you very much!!! Merci beaucoup!!!