Functional Descriptions as the Bridge between Hypermedia APIs and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Functional Descriptions as the Bridge between Hypermedia APIs and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Mar 25, 2023 802 likes •1.23k views

ELIS Multimedia Lab Functional Descriptions as the Bridge between Hypermedia APIs and the Semantic Web Ruben Verborgh Thomas Steiner Davy Van Deursen Sam Coppens Joaquim Gabarro Rik Van de Walle Is following your nose

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

Functional Descriptions as the Bridge between Hypermedia APIs and the Semantic Web

Ruben Verborgh · Thomas Steiner · Davy Van Deursen Sam Coppens · Joaquim Gabarro · Rik Van de Walle

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Is following your nose sufficient?

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How I got to Lyon.

Lille REIMS Dijon Lyon

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Did I really follow my nose?

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What would have happened if I had actually followed my nose.

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If I had followed my nose, it would have taken forever to find the sign that says

Lyon

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Signs everywhere, but which should my nose follow?

Brussels Eindhoven Vienna Munich

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Following my nose was easy, because I knew what to look for.

Lille REIMS Dijon Lyon

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As a human, you can follow your nose because you know how to. You always have some plan, and use your nose to find the next step.

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RESTdesc tells machines how to follow their nose. It allows them to create a plan so they can find the next step.

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

RESTdesc describes the functionality of hypermedia APIs.

Why? – need and challenges What? – syntax and structure So what? – benefits and potential

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

This hypermedia API creates a thumbnail of a photograph.

Send a photo Send a photo, retrieve its thumbnail.

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

API description methods already exist.

There are 10+ ways to describe that the input is an image and the output is an image. This doesn’t tell machines what the API does.

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

API description methods already exist.

There are 10+ ways to describe that the input is a photo and the output is a thumbnail. This doesn’t tell machines what the API does.

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

The functional relationship is missing.

What thumbnail?

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

Only the functional relationship tells the full story.

Send a photo, retrieve its thumbnail. What thumbnail?

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

RESTdesc describes the functionality of hypermedia APIs.

Why? – need and challenges What? – syntax and structure So what? – benefits and potential

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

RESTdesc expresses functionality in a Semantic Web language.

HTTP

resources and hypermedia links

Notation3

small superset of RDF

Your own vocabulary

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

RESTdesc expresses functionality in a Semantic Web language.

HTTP

resources and hypermedia links

Notation3

small superset of RDF

Your own vocabulary

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

RDF expresses everything in three parts.

!

!"#$%&'&(!)*+,(!$%&'&-"" !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!

verb subject

  • bject
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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

Namespaces create universal meaning.

#$%&'()!!!*+,,$-..&)/0$1&"2%3.$+2,2.4"! #$%&'()!./0!!*+,,$-..555"56"2%3.7888.9:.::;%<';=>?,/);?=@4" #$%&'()!/123/),!!*+,,$-..<A$&<(/"2%3.%&=2B%C&.4"

  • D>E+2,2!./0!,>$&!/123/),!E+2,2"""

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!

namespaces

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

Notation3 variables allow generalized expressions.

#$%&'()!-!*+,,$-..&)/0$1&"2%3.$+2,2.4"! #$%&'()!%<'-!*+,,$-..555"56"2%3.7888.9:.::;%<';=>?,/);?=@4" #$%&'()!<A$&<(/-!*+,,$-..<A$&<(/"2%3.%&=2B%C&.4"

452%&'&!%<'-,>$&!<A$&<(/-E+2,2"6 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!

variables

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

Implications quantify and connect variables.

#$%&'()!-!*+,,$-..&)/0$1&"2%3.$+2,2.4"! #$%&'()!%<'-!*+,,$-..555"56"2%3.7888.9:.::;%<';=>?,/);?=@4" #$%&'()!<A$&<(/-!*+,,$-..<A$&<(/"2%3.%&=2B%C&.4"

FG$+2,2!%<'-,>$&!<A$&<(/-E+2,2"H 78!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!FG$+2,2!%<'-,>$&!<A$&<(/-I0/3&"H"

implications (if – then)

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

We want to explain the functionality

  • f the thumbnail API to machines.

rel = "smallThumbnail"

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

RESTdesc tells the full story with the functional relationship.

#$%&'()!&)-!*+,,$-..&)/0$1&"2%3.(0/3&@4" #$%&'()!+,,$-!*+,,$-..555"56"2%3.:977.+,,$@4" #$%&'()!<A$&<(/-!*+,,$-..<A$&<(/"2%3.%&=2B%C&.4" #$%&'()!<A$&<(/;251-!*+,,$-..<A$&<(/"2%3.2?,2123>.4"

F !!G$+2,2!&)-=0/11J+B0A?/(1!G%&=2B%C&" H K4 F !!L-%&MB&=,!+,,$-0&,+2<N/0&!OPQJOR !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&MB&=,STI!G%&=2B%C&R !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&=$!U!+,,$-A2<>!G%&=2B%C&!V" !!G$+2,2!<A$&<(/;251-,+B0A?/(1!G%&=2B%C&" !!G%&=2B%C&!/!<A$&<(/-I0/3&R !!!!!!!!!!!!<A$&<(/;251-+&(3+,!W9"9" H"

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

RESTdesc tells the full story with the functional relationship.

F !!G$+2,2!39!*:,;;<%=:1>,);!G%&=2B%C&" H K4 F !!L-%&MB&=,!+,,$-0&,+2<N/0&!OPQJOR !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&MB&=,STI!G%&=2B%C&R !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&=$!U!+,,$-A2<>!G%&=2B%C&!V" !!G$+2,2!<A$&<(/;251-,+B0A?/(1!G%&=2B%C&" !!G%&=2B%C&!/!<A$&<(/-I0/3&R !!!!!!!!!!!!<A$&<(/;251-+&(3+,!W9"9" H" IF

rel = "smallThumbnail"
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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

RESTdesc tells the full story with the functional relationship.

F !!G$+2,2!&)-=0/11J+B0A?/(1!G%&=2B%C&" H 78 F !!L-%&MB&=,!+,,$-0&,+2<N/0&!OPQJOR !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&MB&=,STI!G%&=2B%C&R !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&=$!U!+,,$-A2<>!G%&=2B%C&!V" !!G$+2,2!<A$&<(/;251-,+B0A?/(1!G%&=2B%C&" !!G%&=2B%C&!/!<A$&<(/-I0/3&R !!!!!!!!!!!!<A$&<(/;251-+&(3+,!W9"9" H"

rel = "smallThumbnail"

THEN

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

RESTdesc tells the full story with the functional relationship.

F !!G$+2,2!&)-=0/11J+B0A?/(1!G%&=2B%C&" H K4 F ((+!.3?=3*'(%''2!:3'%&/@,:3(ABC<AD ((((((((((((%''2!.3?=3*'EFG(5.3*&=.H3D ((((((((((((%''2!.3*2(I(%''2!1&/#(5.3*&=.H3(J- !!G$+2,2!<A$&<(/;251-,+B0A?/(1!G%&=2B%C&" !!G%&=2B%C&!/!<A$&<(/-I0/3&R !!!!!!!!!!!!<A$&<(/;251-+&(3+,!W9"9" H"

rel = "smallThumbnail"
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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

RESTdesc tells the full story with the functional relationship.

F !!52%&'&!&)-=0/11J+B0A?/(1!G%&=2B%C&" H K4 F !!L-%&MB&=,!+,,$-0&,+2<N/0&!OPQJOR !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&MB&=,STI!G%&=2B%C&R !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&=$!U!+,,$-A2<>!G%&=2B%C&!V" !!52%&'&!<A$&<(/;251-,+B0A?/(1!G%&=2B%C&" !!G%&=2B%C&!/!<A$&<(/-I0/3&R !!!!!!!!!!!!<A$&<(/;251-+&(3+,!W9"9" H"

rel = "smallThumbnail"

Send a photo, retrieve its thumbnail.

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

RESTdesc tells the full story with the functional relationship.

F !!G$+2,2!&)-=0/11J+B0A?/(1!G%&=2B%C&" H K4 F !!L-%&MB&=,!+,,$-0&,+2<N/0&!OPQJOR !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&MB&=,STI!G%&=2B%C&R !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&=$!U!+,,$-A2<>!G%&=2B%C&!V" !!G$+2,2!<A$&<(/;251-,+B0A?/(1!G%&=2B%C&" ((5.3*&=.H3(,(/123/),!G:,K3D ((((((((((((/123/),L&M;!%3)K%'(NO-O- H"

rel = "smallThumbnail"
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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

RESTdesc tells the full story with the functional relationship.

#$%&'()!&)-!*+,,$-..&)/0$1&"2%3.(0/3&@4" #$%&'()!+,,$-!*+,,$-..555"56"2%3.:977.+,,$@4" #$%&'()!<A$&<(/-!*+,,$-..<A$&<(/"2%3.%&=2B%C&.4" #$%&'()!<A$&<(/;251-!*+,,$-..<A$&<(/"2%3.2?,2123>.4"

F !!G$+2,2!&)-=0/11J+B0A?/(1!G%&=2B%C&" H K4 F !!L-%&MB&=,!+,,$-0&,+2<N/0&!OPQJOR !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&MB&=,STI!G%&=2B%C&R !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&=$!U!+,,$-A2<>!G%&=2B%C&!V" !!G$+2,2!<A$&<(/;251-,+B0A?/(1!G%&=2B%C&" !!G%&=2B%C&!/!<A$&<(/-I0/3&R !!!!!!!!!!!!<A$&<(/;251-+&(3+,!W9"9" H"

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

State-changing operations are supported, too.

GET, HEAD

dereferencing

PUT, PATCH, DELETE

fully defined

POST

resource-specific state changes

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

Add a comment to this photograph.

#$%&'()!&)-!*+,,$-..&)/0$1&"2%3.(0/3&@4" #$%&'()!=(2C-!*+,,$-..%<'="2%3.=(2C.?=@4" #$%&'()!+,,$-!*+,,$-..555"56"2%3.:977.+,,$@4"

F !!52%&'&!&)-C200&?,=!GC200&?,=" !!GC200&?,!=(2C-C2?,&?,!GC200&?,J&)," H K4 F !!L-%&MB&=,!+,,$-0&,+2<N/0&!O$PQ<OR !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&MB&=,STI!GC200&?,=R !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-A2<>!GC200&?," !!52%&'&(*)&H!%,*+.32;#(5H&::3>'- !!GC200&?,=!&)-C2?,/(?=!GC200&?," H"

Add a comment to this photograph.

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

RESTdesc describes the functionality of hypermedia APIs.

Why? – need and challenges What? – syntax and structure So what? – benefits and potential

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

RESTdesc descriptions are generic.

#$%&'()!&)-!*+,,$-..&)/0$1&"2%3.(0/3&@4" #$%&'()!+,,$-!*+,,$-..555"56"2%3.:977.+,,$@4" #$%&'()!<A$&<(/-!*+,,$-..<A$&<(/"2%3.%&=2B%C&.4" #$%&'()!<A$&<(/;251-!*+,,$-..<A$&<(/"2%3.2?,2123>.4"

F !!G$+2,2!&)-=0/11J+B0A?/(1!G%&=2B%C&" H K4 F !!L-%&MB&=,!+,,$-0&,+2<N/0&!OPQJOR !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&MB&=,STI!G%&=2B%C&R !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&=$!U!+,,$-A2<>!G%&=2B%C&!V" !!G$+2,2!<A$&<(/;251-,+B0A?/(1!G%&=2B%C&" !!G%&=2B%C&!/!<A$&<(/-I0/3&R !!!!!!!!!!!!<A$&<(/;251-+&(3+,!W9"9" H"

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

Existing Semantic Web tools can instantiate RESTdesc descriptions.

!!L-%&MB&=,!+,,$-0&,+2<N/0&!OPQJOR !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&MB&=,STI!*.(03.6.,+B0A4R !!!!!!!!!!!!+,,$-%&=$!U!+,,$-A2<>!*.(03.6.,+B0A4!V" !!*.(03.64!<A$&<(/;251-,+B0A?/(1!*.(03.6.,+B0A4" !!*.(03.6.,+B0A4!/!<A$&<(/-I0/3&R !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!<A$&<(/;251-+&(3+,!W9"9" rel = "smallThumbnail" R):KRS R):KRSR'%=:1

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

Existing Semantic Web tools can compose RESTdesc descriptions.

R):KRS local image R):KRSR'%=:1 R):KRSRH&::3>'*RT

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  • elit. Sed vel lectus quis purus lobortis auctor.
Donec vestibulum gravida eros quis gravida. Duis interdum posuere quam, sed rhoncus velit scelerisque in. Aenean vitae eros nec ipsum venenatis ullamcorper. Aliquam erat volutpat. In nisi justo, laoreet eget varius nec, iaculis et purus. Vivamus bibendum pretium adipiscing.
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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

Functional descriptions as the bridge between hypermedia and the Semantic Web.

Semantic Web hypermedia API subject verb

  • bject

resource link resource description action functionality

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Following your nose is easy if you know how to.

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helps machines follow their nose. RESTdesc

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ELIS – Multimedia Lab

RESTdesc semantically describes the functionality of hypermedia APIs.

Learn more at restdesc.org and discuss with @RubenVerborgh on Twitter.