FISH FRIENDLY TIDAL TURBINES Turbine requirements for low head tidal - - PDF document

9/23/2013 1 Low Head Fish Friendly Turbine Design for Static and Dynamic Tidal Power

September 2013

FLOW TECHNOLOGIES – FAIRBANKS NIJHUIS PENTAIR

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FISH FRIENDLY TIDAL TURBINES

FAIRBANKS NIJHUIS‘ FISH-FRIENDLY TURBINE

• Bi-directional operation
• High efficiency at head differences ranging from 0.2 – 3 [m]
• Minimal impact on marine life (fish, eel)
• Minimal impact of marine environment (corrosion, fouling)
• High energy production
• Low manufacturing cost (modular design)
• Low operational cost (maintenance)
• High ratio of yield versus cost for the system

Turbine requirements for low head tidal power

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FISH FRIENDLY TIDAL TURBINES

FAIRBANKS NIJHUIS‘ FISH-FRIENDLY TURBINE

Fish collision model

( )

[ ]

] [ 1 4 3

2

) sin(

− − ≈

− δ ω

e Q L n p

• b

PENTAIR

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FISH FRIENDLY TIDAL TURBINES

FAIRBANKS NIJHUIS‘ FISH-FRIENDLY TURBINE

Example prediction fish mortality

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FISH FRIENDLY TIDAL TURBINES

FAIRBANKS NIJHUIS‘ FISH-FRIENDLY TURBINE

First prototype developed by Pentair - Nijhuis

Fish-friendly (patented) turbine

PENTAIR

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FISH FRIENDLY TIDAL TURBINES

FAIRBANKS NIJHUIS‘ FISH-FRIENDLY TURBINE

Mortality rates eels

Group Control Turbine, guide vane 30° Turbine, guide vane open Trial order 3 5 2 4 1 6 N eels recovered after trial 73 63 79 70 80 93 Fraction wild caught eel 0.64 0.73 0.71 0.69 0.70 0.71 Mean length [cm] 42.0 40.7 40.6 40.3 41.3 42.8 Length range (cm) 32-75 31-64 31-76 28-60 31-75 31-84 Direct mortality % 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % Normal swimming % * 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % Mortality after 96 h % 1.5 % 0 % 1.2 %

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FISH FRIENDLY TIDAL TURBINES

FAIRBANKS NIJHUIS‘ FISH-FRIENDLY TURBINE

Measured performance prototype

PENTAIR

FISH FRIENDLY TIDAL TURBINES

FAIRBANKS NIJHUIS‘ FISH-FRIENDLY TURBINE

Scale model ultra-low head tidal turbine

Design Properties:

• Diameter = 0.5 [m]
• Head = 1 ± 0.75 [m]
• Flow = 1.40 ± 0.8 [m³/s]
• Speed = 300 ± 100 [rpm]
• Blade angles – fixed
• Rotor pitch - ± 180 [degrees]

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FISH FRIENDLY TIDAL TURBINES

FAIRBANKS NIJHUIS‘ FISH-FRIENDLY TURBINE

Bi-directional rotor design

PENTAIR

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FISH FRIENDLY TIDAL TURBINES

FAIRBANKS NIJHUIS‘ FISH-FRIENDLY TURBINE

Expected performance prototype

ant const Q H Q H

s s s s

= ⇒ ∝

2 2

/ , ant const Q H N Q N H

t t t t

= ⇒ ∝ ∝

2 2

/ , ,

System characteristic: Turbine characteristic:

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FISH FRIENDLY TIDAL TURBINES

FAIRBANKS NIJHUIS‘ FISH-FRIENDLY TURBINE

Prototype system and turbine

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