Financial Sector Asian Development Bank 22 November 2013 Outline - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Financial Sector Asian Development Bank 22 November 2013 Outline - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Feb 18, 2024 494 likes •735 views

Natural Capital Case Studies: Financial Sector Asian Development Bank 22 November 2013 Outline The GMS Economic Cooperation Program Implications for the Transboundary Biodiversity Landscapes The GMS Core Environment Program GMS

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Asian Development Bank 22 November 2013

Natural Capital Case Studies: Financial Sector

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 The GMS Economic Cooperation Program  Implications for the Transboundary Biodiversity Landscapes  The GMS Core Environment Program

Outline

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GMS Economic Cooperation Program in a Nutshell

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  • Participating Countries:

Cambodia, PR China, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand, Viet Nam

  • Strategic Priorities:

 Vision – a more

integrated, prosperous, and harmonious subregion

 “3 Cs” – Connectivity,

Competitiveness, Community

  • GMS investments – total

$15.5 billion by the end of 2012

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  • Roads
  • Telecommunications
  • Power

Transmission Line

Infrastructure Development in GMS (1992)

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  • Roads
  • Telecommunications
  • Power

Transmission Line

Infrastructure Development in GMS (2010)

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  • Roads
  • Telecommunications
  • Power

Transmission Line

Infrastructure Development in GMS (2015‒2020)

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In this period … GDP has grown

8.1% 7.4% 12.0% 10.2% 10.5% 6.8% 9.0% 4.0% 7.4%

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%

GMS Cambodia Guangxi Zhuang Autonomus Region, PRC Yunnan Province, PRC PRC Lao PDR Myanmar Thailand Viet Nam

Average GDP growth rate, 1992-2011

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Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook Database.

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As has trade…

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Trade to GDP ratio (%) PRC Lao PDR Cambodia Viet Nam Thailand Myanmar

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Source: WB, World Development Indicators Online.

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Growth accompanied by decline in poverty…

44.5 22.8 63.8 13.1 55.7 33.9 8.6 0.4 63.7 16.9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 1994 2008 1992 2008 1992 2008 1992 2009 1993 2008 Cambodia PRC Lao PDR Thailand Viet Nam

Poverty rate (% of poulatiob below $1.25 (PPP)-a-day)

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Source: WB, World Development Indicators Online.

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..and improvement in human development

0.41 0.52 0.48 0.69 0.38 0.52 0.30 0.48 0.57 0.68 0.44 0.59

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1995 2011 1990 2011 1990 2011 1990 2011 1990 2011 1990 2011 Cambodia (139) PRC (101) Lao PDR (138) Myanmar (149) Thailand (103) Viet Nam (128)

Human Development Index

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Source: UNDP Human Development Report (2011).

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New GMS Strategic Framework (SF) 2012-2022 4th GMS Summit, December 2011

Regional Investment Framework (RIF)

19th GMS Ministerial Conference, December 2013

Multisector approach; Institutional Evolution Investment Pipeline and Knowledge Products

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Sector Assessments/Country Priorities

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 GMS Economic Cooperation Program  Implications for the Transboundary Biodiversity Landscapes  The GMS Core Environment Program

Outline

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  • GMS is one of the most biologically

diverse places on earth

  • High species diversity and endemism
  • Mekong river system supports the

world’s largest and most productive inland fishery

Natural Capital of the Greater Mekong – a valuable asset

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  • About a third of the forest cover lost between 1973 and 2009;

degradation accounts for further losses

  • Significant decline in biodiversity
  • Fish supply from Mekong river could be cut by 40% due to

hydropower projects

  • Land degradation affects between 10% and 40% of land in

the GMS

… but under high pressure

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Outline

 GMS Economic Cooperation Program  Implications for the Transboundary Biodiversity Landscapes  The GMS Core Environment Program

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Promoting Regional Cooperation for Sound Environmental Management

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Secretariat: GMS Environment Operations Center

Regional: environment ministries of Cambodia, PRC, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand, and Viet Nam Multi-donor: $28.4 million from the Governments of Finland and Sweden, Nordic Development Fund, and ADB

Core Environment Program (CEP)

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  • Secure natural capital

(ecosystem assets and services)

  • Optimize allocation of

scarce resources and manage competition

  • Enhance efficiency of

supply chains based on scarce resources

  • Improve inclusiveness

and equitable benefit- sharing

  • Promote integrated

management of resources across international borders

Creating opportunities Creating opportunities Reinvesting Reinvesting

Managing risks

Prosperity

CEP at its heart . . .

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  • Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis
  • Economics of Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital
  • Biodiversity Landscape Assessment
  • Climate Vulnerability and Risk Assessment

Some Ongoing Assessments

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Output: Environmental risk map, at 1km resolution. Low values ( 0) indicate high accumulated risk, while high values ( 1) indicate low accumulated risk.

Criteria Tree

Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis

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Environmental Risk, by district (mean value) Ecosystem Service Potential

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  • Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis
  • Economics of Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital
  • Biodiversity Landscape Assessment
  • Climate Vulnerability and Risk Assessment

Some Ongoing Assessments

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Thank you For further information

www.gms-eoc.com