[PPT] - Water Sector Reforms in Kenya Water Sector Reforms in Kenya PowerPoint Presentation

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Water Sector Reforms in Kenya Water Sector Reforms in Kenya

“Improving Governance and Human Rights to Water”

Presented By

Eng. P. L. Ombogo

( Director Water Sector Reforms) ( Director Water Sector Reforms)

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OUTLINE OUTLINE OUTLINE OUTLINE

Background

Background Th f i K Th f i K

The reforms in Kenya

The reforms in Kenya I i W t & S it ti G I i W t & S it ti G

Improving Water & Sanitation Governance

Improving Human Rights to Water &

Improving Human Rights to Water & p g g p g g Sanitation Sanitation

Positive Outcomes of the Reforms

Challenges

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Background Background

The Government of Kenya is currently

implementing wide ranging reforms in the water sector in accordance with the Water Act 2002

The broad objective of the reforms is to equitably

j y improve access to sustainable safe water and sanitation services and resource management at affordable cost

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Background Cont’ Background Cont’ Background Cont Background Cont

It is important to note that Kenya is currently

categorized as a water scarce country (647m 647m3 per per it ) it ) capita ) capita )

50% of population lack safe reliable water and basic

it ti sanitation

Water resources are threatened by pollution,

d d ti d l it ti degradation and over exploitation

Sector development is faced with institutional

k i d f d f i d weaknesses, inadequate funds for operation and development, weak coordination and weak capacity amongst communities amongst communities

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The Reforms Water Act 2002: The Reforms, Water Act 2002:

Principles of the Act include:

The Act has clearly differentiated the roles of various

actors in the water sector ie the government, public , private sector, water resource management and p , g water services and supply

The Act has entrenched public participation and

involvement in the water services and water involvement in the water services and water resources management

The Act intended to define water rights and legislated

i hi h ld b tili d ways in which resources could be utilized

The Act introduced new water management

institutions to govern water and sanitation services g

The Act has a strong pro-poor focus

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WATER SECTOR REFORMS WATER SECTOR REFORMS

The Water Act 2002 separates WRM from WSS, provides for regulation

f WSS and further makes

a distinction between asset holding and development (responsibilityof a WSB) from operations and management (responsibility of a WSP) The Water Act 2002 separates WRM from WSS, provides for regulation

f WSS and further makes

a distinction between asset holding and development (responsibilityof a WSB) from operations and management (responsibility of a WSP)

INSTITUTIONAL SET -UP UNDER WATER ACT 2002*

Water Appeal Board WAB

INSTITUTIONAL SET -UP UNDER WATER ACT 2002*

Water Appeal Board WAB

MWI

Policy mulation vel Water Services Trust Fund WSTF WAB

MWI

Policy mulation vel Water Services Trust Fund WSTF WAB

MWI

P Form ation National lev WSTF Water Services Regulatory Board WSRB Water Resources Management Authority WRMA NWCPC Develops water

MWI

P Form ation National lev WSTF Water Services Regulatory Board WSRB Water Resources Management Authority WRMA NWCPC Develops water Regula n Regional level WSRB WRMA Water Services Boards WSBs Catchment Areas Advisory Committees CAACs W t S i W t R U

Regional WRMA Office

e e ops ate resources facilities Regula n Regional level WSRB WRMA Water Services Boards WSBs Catchment Areas Advisory Committees CAACs W t S i W t R U

Regional WRMA Office

e e ops ate resources facilities Services Provision Local level mp- Use

Water and Sewerage Service Water Resources Management

Water Services Providers WSPs Water Resources User Associations WRUAs Services Provision Local level mp- Use

Water and Sewerage Service Water Resources Management

Water Services Providers WSPs Water Resources User Associations WRUAs

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Source: Water Act 2002

L Consum tion, U

Consumers, Users

Source: Water Act 2002

L Consum tion, U

Consumers, Users

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Improving Water & Sanitation Improving Water & Sanitation Governance Governance

Introduction of socially responsible

Introduction of socially responsible commercialization of water services in urban areas commercialization of water services in urban areas

Ring fencing of revenues for the sector to ensure

Ring fencing of revenues for the sector to ensure financial sustainability financial sustainability

Reduce unaccounted for water/wastages

Reduce unaccounted for water/wastages

Improved billing and revenue collection efficiency

Improved billing and revenue collection efficiency

Improved corporate governance through

Improved corporate governance through autonomous board of directors autonomous board of directors

Participation of consumers in decision making

Participation of consumers in decision making through Water Action Groups (WAG) through Water Action Groups (WAG) g p ( ) g p ( )

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Improving Water & Sanitation Improving Water & Sanitation Governance Cont’ Governance Cont’

Introduction of regulation in the sector

Two impact reports have been produced

Two impact reports have been produced p p p p p p

Establishment of Water Appeals Board

Establishment of Water Appeals Board dedicated to resolve complains dedicated to resolve complains dedicated to resolve complains dedicated to resolve complains

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Improving Human Rights to Improving Human Rights to Water & Sanitation Water & Sanitation

The Rights to water entitles everyone to sufficient, safe,

The Rights to water entitles everyone to sufficient, safe, reliable and affordable water for personal and domestic reliable and affordable water for personal and domestic use in or near their homes workplace or educational use in or near their homes workplace or educational use in or near their homes, workplace or educational use in or near their homes, workplace or educational institutions (General comment 15 of UN committee on institutions (General comment 15 of UN committee on Economic, Social & Cultural Rights) Economic, Social & Cultural Rights) , g ) , g )

Although the Right to water and sanitation is not

Although the Right to water and sanitation is not explicitly provided in the Water Act, the Right to Water & explicitly provided in the Water Act, the Right to Water & sanitation has been formally recognized in a number of sanitation has been formally recognized in a number of national water sector policies ( National Water Services national water sector policies ( National Water Services St t N ti l W t R t St t N ti l W t R t Strategy, National Water Resources management Strategy, National Water Resources management Strategy, WASREB Strategy, WASREB tarrif tarrif guidelines and pro guidelines and pro-

poor

poor implementation plan) implementation plan) implementation plan) implementation plan)

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Improving Human Rights to Improving Human Rights to Water & Sanitation Cont’ Water & Sanitation Cont’

In implementation of this, the government has

In implementation of this, the government has developed and adopted pro developed and adopted pro-

poor

poor implementation plan aimed at providing safe implementation plan aimed at providing safe water and sanitation to the poor (urban & water and sanitation to the poor (urban & p ( p ( rural) rural)

The Plan sets out actions to be undertaken

The Plan sets out actions to be undertaken by water sector actors to reach the poor by water sector actors to reach the poor Th Pl h f i d t f Th Pl h f i d t f

The Plan has so far received support from

The Plan has so far received support from SIDA, DANIDA, EU and GTZ SIDA, DANIDA, EU and GTZ

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Positive Outcome of the Positive Outcome of the Reforms Reforms

The sector is better

The sector is better organised

rganised

Increased attention and investment in poor

Increased attention and investment in poor and marginalized areas of Kenya and marginalized areas of Kenya I d i t t i th t t I d i t t i th t t

Increased investments in the water sector

Increased investments in the water sector (Kshs.2Bn 2002 to (Kshs.2Bn 2002 to Kshs

Kshs. 28Bn in 2009)

. 28Bn in 2009)

Improved governance with corruption in

Improved governance with corruption in the sector being addressed the sector being addressed the sector being addressed the sector being addressed

Sector is attracting quality professional mix

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Challenges Challenges Challenges Challenges

The sector still needs more resources

Sustainability and viability of Water

Sustainability and viability of Water Services Providers (WSP) in urban & rural Services Providers (WSP) in urban & rural I i it ti i l I i it ti i l

Improving sanitation coverage in rural

Improving sanitation coverage in rural areas and informal settlements areas and informal settlements

Continued mainstreaming of Human

Continued mainstreaming of Human Rights to Water and Sanitation Rights to Water and Sanitation Rights to Water and Sanitation Rights to Water and Sanitation

Critical capacity lacking in areas of

Critical capacity lacking in areas of governance, human rights and commercial governance, human rights and commercial

rientation and regulation
rientation and regulation

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Challenges Cont’ Challenges Cont’ Challenges Cont Challenges Cont

Inadequate communication and

Inadequate communication and information management systems information management systems g y g y

Regulation of small scale independent

service providers service providers

Sector monitoring and evaluation still

lacking

Weak complaint and feedback mechanism Weak complaint and feedback mechanism

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Thank you… Thank you… y questions questions questions questions

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