EU Migration Policy in Practice tp://www. scavoxeurop.eu/en/content/article/648271-schengen-leback-will-kill-european-ideal Markéta Novotná
Dublin? • Aim? • When adopted?
Dublin • 1990 Dublin convention, since 2013 Dublin III – Definitions (asylum, asylum seeker, visa types, etc.) – Asylum shopping / refugee in orbit => asylum – Asylum shopping / refugee in orbit => asylum request procesed only in 1 state • Family, residence permit/visa, first entry into the EU, asylum request • Exchange of information - EURODAC • Safe third country
Freedom of movement in the EU • FoM: one of the most substantial and most successful achievements of European integration • BUT • BUT – Two-tier immigration system? • Schengen enlargement (Romania, Bulgaria) • Reintroducing of border controls • Free movement vs security (FRONTEX)
Schengen cooperation • When? • Who members nowadays? • Aim?
Schengen cooperation • Schengen agreement signed 1985 (BENELUX, FR, G), into acquis communautaire 1999 – Two-speed Europe • Free movement without border controls – citizens x everybody? citizens x everybody? • CR since 2007 • GB and Ireland still border controls • Iceland, Norway, Switzerland, Liechtenstein members • Cyprus, Bulgaria, Romania not members
How many refugees came to the EU in 2015? http://zpravy.aktualne.cz/zahranici/grafika-uprchlici-2015/r~8bf2c0b2d0ce11e59c4a002590604f2e/
Terms • Migrants • Refugees • Asylum seekers • Refugees who got asylum... • Refugees who got asylum...
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-28770346
Ceuta http://skakeller.tumblr.com/post/82181681263/ska-visits-ceuta-and-listens-to-refugees
Ceuta http://spanishnewstoday.com/ceuta-and-melilla-border-fences-to-be-reinforced_19829-a.html
Hungary http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3239625/Days-sealing-access-Serbia-Hungary-announces-build-giant-fence-Croatian-border- neighbour-begs-migrants-stop-arriving.html
Norway
Boundaries • Since the fall of the Berlin Wall, 40 countries around the world have built fences against 64 of their neighbors – http://www.economist.com/blogs/graphicdetail/2 – http://www.economist.com/blogs/graphicdetail/2 016/01/daily-chart-5
Routes Majority of migrants travelled through eastern Mediterranean from • Turkey to Greece – During 2015: 851,319 people arrived in Greece by sea – In August and September 2015: average of 4,000 people every day – In October: daily average 6,000 (33% of total arrivals in 2015) Central Mediterranean route : from North Africa (Libya, Eritrea, Syria, • Somalia ) to Italy, the second most common + the most dangerous migratory route migratory route – In 2015: 153,600 people into Italy by sea – In 2015: 3,771 people were registered as dead at sea – In late 2014: end of Mare Nostrum, a large rescue-at-sea operation (rescued over 170,000 lives) – Instead, EU reinforced Frontex operations Triton and Poseidon Crossing from Libya to Italy: average of 30 to 74 hours • Crossing from Turkey to Greece: 45 minutes to a few hours • Shipwrecks: vessels small or old wooden fishing boats, often overcrowded, • no navigation equipment
Lesvos https://lesvosvolunteerdotcom.files.wordpress.com/2015/09/sitepikpa7.jpg
Lesvos https://lesvosvolunteerdotcom.files.wordpress.com/2015/09/sitepikpa8.jpg
Migrant crisis: Migration to Europe explained in graphics • http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe- 34131911 34131911
Questions • What is the Dublin system? • How does the Schengen system work?
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