EPA Vapor Intrusion Workshop Measurement-Based Methods for Protective & Defensible Chlorinated VI Exposure Determinations MEW/Moffett Field Buildings 15 and 17 – A Review of Multiple Published Studies; Site in IECC Climate Zone 3C Chris Lutes, Jacobs 35 th Annual International Conference on Soils, Sediments, Water, and Energy , Amherst, Massachusetts , October 22 nd , 2019
References • Brenner, David. "Results of a long-term study of vapor intrusion at four large buildings at the NASA Ames Research Center." Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 60, no. 6 (2010): 747- 758. • Brenner, D. and M. Walraven “Revised Human Health Risk Assessment NASA Research Park Moffett Field, California July 28, 2003 “ https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1664703/000119312518190488/d96446dex106.htm • Haley and Aldrich 2009 “Final Supplemental Remedial Investigation Report for Vapor Intrusion Pathway Middlefield-Ellis-Whisman Study Area, Mountain View and Moffett Field, California, June. https://www.navfac.navy.mil/niris/SOUTHWEST/MOFFETT_FIELD_NAS/N00296_003903.PDF • Haley and Aldrich 2009 “Final Supplemental Feasibility Study for the Vapor Intrusion Pathway Middlefield-Ellis-Whisman Study Area; June 29, 2019 https://semspub.epa.gov/work/09/2324674.pdf • Haley & Aldrich, 2011 “Site-wide Vapor Intrusion Sampling and Analysis Work Plan for Response Action Testing” September 29. https://semspub.epa.gov/work/09/100002742.pdf • Mactec Engineering and Consulting Inc. 2005 “Report on Long-term Indoor Air Quality Monitoring; Buildings 15, 16, 17, 20, n-210 and N243” NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field California • Mills, William B., Sally Liu, Mark C. Rigby, and David Brenner. "Time-variable simulation of soil vapor intrusion into a building with a combined crawl space and basement." Environmental science & technology 41, no. 14 (2007): 4993-5001. • Noreas for NAVFAC “Draft 2019 Installation Restoration Site 28 Air Sampling and Vapor Intrusion Tier Response Evaluation Report, July 2019 https://semspub.epa.gov/work/09/100018154.pdf
Building 15 • 11,900 square foot, • steam heated with air conditioning, two HVAC zones • occupied 24x7 • Main portion and west wing office space; HVAC equipment and garage in east wing • HVAC adjusted in May 2003 to increase outside air supply, reportedly reducing TCE in indoor air
Building 17 • 3,900 square feet first floor, 3,000 sq ft basement office building constructed 1932-1933 with small crawlspace beneath the stairs to hold mechanical equipment • Basement is 6 ft below grade and 2 ft above grade. • Building 17 is steam heated and occupied during the work week on the first floor only. Photo reprinted from https://www.cmu.edu/cmnews/extra/030108 _growingwest.html
Conceptual Site Model (From https://rmcs-1.itrcweb.org/6-2-moffett-mew-regional-plume-california/ USEPA. 2012f. Supplemental Sitewide Feasibility Study, Middlefield-Ellis-Whisman Superfund Study Area. USEPA Region 9.
Location of Buildings over Groundwater Plume • IECC Zone 3C warm-marine Koppen Csb (Mediterran) • Buildings near each other • Approximately at midline of plume
More Recent TCE in Soil Gas in Building 15 and 17 Vicinity
Data Set/Study Design • A combination of 24- and 8-hr samples were collected in Buildings 15 and 17 (i.e., 24- and 8-hr samples were not simultaneously collected from a given location at any given time) • 8 hour samples were collected 8 AM-4 PM, 4 PM- 12AM, 12 AM to 8 AM • 102 samples at indoor location 15-1 which was presented in the most detail, 68 samples at the background locations and 128 samples at the outdoor location near the studied buildings. • Multiple linear regression models were used to relate indoor concentrations to meteorological variables. Descriptive statistics were calculated by month. 8 hour sample descriptive statistics were calculated for three repetitive shifts. • Available data included wind speed, barometric pressure, temperature, humidity, wind direction, visibility, and precipitation. • Groundwater data for shallow monitoring well near subject buildings also available • No indoor sources of target VOCs identified in database of materials used at the facility and a walk through.
Groundwater Level Variation (from Multiple Wells)
Groundwater Concentration by Month (Max)
Temporal Variability of Indoor Air Outdoor Station A17 Building 15 Station 15-1
TCE Concentrations at Location 15-1 Daily TCE 7.00 Building 15 6.00 Concentration ( µ g/m 3 ) 5.00 4.00 • Peak TCE (24-hr) 3.00 primarily TCE (8-hr) between 2.00 September 1.00 2003 and 0.00 February 08-Jun-03 16-Sep-03 25-Dec-03 03-Apr-04 12-Jul-04 2004 Date New plot created from historical data
chart not XY chart Note this original is a line and 17 TCE Buildings 15 Maximum Daily • Peak between and February 2004 September 2003 Conc (ug/m3) 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 30-Jun-03 July 03 Aug 03 Sept 03 Dec 03 Feb04 Apr 04 June 04 02-Jul-03 08-Jul-03 10-Jul-03 14-Jul-03 16-Jul-03 18-Jul-03 22-Jul-03 24-Jul-03 28-Jul-03 30-Jul-03 01-Aug-03 05-Aug-03 07-Aug-03 11-Aug-03 13-Aug-03 15-Aug-03 19-Aug-03 21-Aug-03 25-Aug-03 27-Aug-03 29-Aug-03 03-Sep-03 05-Sep-03 09-Sep-03 11-Sep-03 15-Sep-03 17-Sep-03 19-Sep-03 23-Sep-03 25-Sep-03 01-D ec-03 09-D ec-03 16-D ec-03 22-D ec-03 07-Jan-04 13-Jan-04 20-Jan-04 26-Jan-04 06-Feb-04 12-Feb-04 20-Feb-04 25-Feb-04 04-Mar-04 11-Mar-04 19-Mar-04 24-Mar-04 01-Apr-04 08-Apr-04 16-Apr-04 22-Apr-04 30-Apr-04 05-May-04 13-May-04 19-May-04 04-Jun-04 10-Jun-04 17-Jun-04 23-Jun-04 B258 A17 17-2 17-1 15-2 15-1
cis-1,2-DCE Concentrations at Location 15-1 Daily cis-1,2- DCE 1.40 Concentrations 1.20 Concentration ( µ g/m 3 Building 15 1.00 0.80 • Peak concentrations cis-1,2-DCE (24-hr) 0.60 December 2003 to cis-1,2-DCE (8-hr) 0.40 March 2004 0.20 0.00 08-Jun-03 16-Sep-03 25-Dec-03 03-Apr-04 12-Jul-04 Date New plot created from historical data
line chart not XY chart Note this original is likely a • Peak concentrations Buildings 15 and 17 DCE Concentrations Maximum Daily cis-1,2- 2004 December 2003 to March Conc (ug/m3) 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 30-Jun-03 July 03 Aug 03 Sept 03 Dec 03 Feb04 Apr 04 June 04 02-Jul-03 08-Jul-03 10-Jul-03 14-Jul-03 16-Jul-03 18-Jul-03 22-Jul-03 24-Jul-03 28-Jul-03 30-Jul-03 01-Aug-03 05-Aug-03 07-Aug-03 11-Aug-03 13-Aug-03 15-Aug-03 19-Aug-03 21-Aug-03 25-Aug-03 27-Aug-03 29-Aug-03 03-Sep-03 05-Sep-03 09-Sep-03 11-Sep-03 15-Sep-03 17-Sep-03 19-Sep-03 23-Sep-03 25-Sep-03 01-D ec-03 09-D ec-03 16-D ec-03 22-D ec-03 07-Jan-04 13-Jan-04 20-Jan-04 26-Jan-04 03-Feb-04 10-Feb-04 18-Feb-04 23-Feb-04 02-Mar-04 08-Mar-04 17-Mar-04 22-Mar-04 30-Mar-04 06-Apr-04 13-Apr-04 19-Apr-04 28-Apr-04 03-May-04 11-May-04 17-May-04 02-Jun-04 08-Jun-04 15-Jun-04 21-Jun-04 B258 A17 17-2 17-1 15-2 15-1
Temperature (100 point rolling average) and cis-1,2-DCE versus Time at Location 15-1 120 1.40 1.20 100 New plot created from historical data Exterior Temperature (F) 1.00 80 Concentration (ug/m3) 0.80 60 0.60 40 0.40 ----- Temperature (°F) 20 0.20 cis-1,2-DCE (24-hr) cis-1,2-DCE (8-hr) 0 0.00 6/8 7/28 9/16 11/5 12/25 2/13 4/3 5/23 7/12 100 per. Mov. Avg. (Temperature (°F)) Date
Barometric Pressure and cis-1,2-DCE versus Time at 15-1 (points above 31" BP truncated, assumed to be artifacts) Pressure ("Hg) 31 1.40 cis-1,2-DCE (24-hr) cis-1,2-DCE (8-hr) 30.8 1.20 Barometric Pressure (inches of Hg) 30.6 1.00 30.4 Concentration (ug/m3) 0.80 30.2 0.60 30 0.40 29.8 0.20 29.6 New plot created from 29.4 0.00 historical data 6/8 7/28 9/16 11/5 12/25 2/13 4/3 5/23 7/12 Date
Temperature Pressure and Barometric Pressure (mbars) 1000 1005 1010 1015 1020 1025 1030 1035 995 6/30/2003 7/8/2003 7/14/2003 7/19/2003 7/25/2003 7/31/2003 8/6/2003 8/12/2003 8/18/2003 8/23/2003 8/29/2003 9/4/2003 9/10/2003 9/16/2003 9/22/2003 9/27/2003 12/5/2003 12/11/2003 12/17/2003 12/23/2003 1/7/2004 1/13/2004 1/19/2004 1/24/2004 2/2/2004 2/7/2004 2/13/2004 2/19/2004 2/25/2004 3/2/2004 3/8/2004 3/13/2004 3/19/2004 3/25/2004 Pres 3/31/2004 4/6/2004 4/12/2004 4/17/2004 4/23/2004 4/29/2004 5/6/2004 5/12/2004 Temp 5/18/2004 5/24/2004 5/29/2004 6/4/2004 6/10/2004 6/16/2004 6/22/2004 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Temperature (C)
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