Energy and buildings Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Energy and buildings Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Feb 19, 2023 21 likes •266 views

Energy and buildings Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020 Buildings and the Energy Grid : An Amazing Time of Transition David Peabody Peabody Architects David@greenhaus.org www.greenhaus.org P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R

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P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

Energy and buildings

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

Buildings and the Energy Grid : An Amazing Time of Transition

David Peabody Peabody Architects David@greenhaus.org www.greenhaus.org

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1970’s oil embargoes

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

Energy and buildings

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

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1980’s and 1990’s – focus on carbon

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

Energy and buildings

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

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P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

Energy and buildings

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

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EXISTING ELECTRICAL GRID

Power plant losses Usable power

HV Transmission (1%) LV Transmission (2%) AC-DC conversions(3%)

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63%

26%

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

Energy and buildings

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

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2000 – solar becomes an industry

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

Energy and buildings

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

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What is happening to the utility grid?

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

Energy and buildings

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

Stressors from complexity

  • 100 years of ad hoc growth
  • Computerized energy trading

Stressors from climate

  • Increased violent weather events
  • Neeed for greater strategic reserves

Vulnerability to attack

  • Electromagnetic pulses (EMP’s)
  • Cyberattack
  • Terrorist bombs

Managing Renewables

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Stressors from complexity

  • 100 years of ad hoc growth
  • Computerized energy trading

Stressors from climate

  • Increased violent weather events
  • Neeed for greater strategic reserves

Vulnerability to attack

  • Electromagnetic pulses (EMP’s)
  • Cyberattack
  • Terrorist bombs

Managing Renewables

What is happening to the utility grid?

Courtesy of NREL

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

Energy and buildings

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

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75% price drop since 2012

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

Energy and buildings

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

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Community power generation Local generation Distant generation Efficient local inverters & transmission EV & household battery storage

2020’s: buildings as part of the grid

Community power storage P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

Energy and buildings

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

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EXISTING ELECTRICAL GRID

Power plant losses Usable power

HV Transmission (1%) LV Transmission (2%) AC-DC conversions(3%)

26%

63%

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

Energy and buildings

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

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Usable power

81%

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Local transmission (4%) DC-AC inversion(5%) AC-DC conversions(10%)

LOCAL DISTRIBUTE

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

Energy and buildings

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

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Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

60-70% of household loads are already DC

DC CURRENT

Energy and buildings

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

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Usable power

81%

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Local transmission (4%) DC-AC inversion(5%) AC-DC conversions(10%)

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

Energy and buildings

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

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Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

Usable power

91%

Local transmission (4%) DC modulation (5%)

Energy and buildings

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

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Community power generation Local generation Distant generation Efficient local inverters & transmission EV & household battery storage

2020’s: buildings as virtual power plants

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

Community power storage

Energy and buildings

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

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AVERAGE NET-ZERO CONSTRUCTION

54% of floor area required for PV

PASSIVE NET-ZERO CONSTRUCTION

17% of floor area required for PV

Solar required to support one storey

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

Energy and buildings

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

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AVERAGE NET-ZERO CONSTRUCTION

46% INCOME PRODUCING

PASSIVE NET-ZERO CONSTRUCTION

83% INCOME PRODUCING

Passive generates 2x the income

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

Energy and buildings

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

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AVERAGE NET-ZERO CONSTRUCTION

1-1/2 stories

PASSIVE NET-ZERO CONSTRUCTION

6 stories

Passive supports 3x the floor area

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

Energy and buildings

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

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Energy and buildings

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

Arlington DC-Ready Net-Zero Home

Islandable Adaptable Resilient

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

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Energy and buildings

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020 ENERGY DEMAND 13,400 KWH/YR ENERGY PRODUCTION 15,000 KWH/YR SOLAR ARRAY: 13 KW ENERGY STORAGE 2 - 9.8KW BATTERIES

battery Inverter/

  • ptimizer

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

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Energy and buildings

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

Fairmount Heights AC-DC hybrid community microgrid

Six zero energy modular pas

SIX ZERO ENERGY MODULAR PASSIVE HOUSES P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

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DC Rooftop Solar DC Energy Storage DC Load Panel for High Efficiency DC Loads

EACH HOME IS EQUIPPED WITH

AC Load Panel for Legacy AC Loads EACH HOME WILL SHARE Locally generated and stored solar energy with each other via a Direct Current (DC) Link Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

Energy and buildings

P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

ISLANDABLE * AFFORDABLE * RENEWABLE

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P E E A A B B O O D D Y Y A A R R C C H H I I T T E E C C T T S S

Energy and buildings

Sierra Club of Virginia 13 October 2020

Buildings and the Energy Grid : An Amazing Time of Transition

David Peabody Peabody Architects David@greenhaus.org www.greenhaus.org