Ene nergy C y Com omplia iance ce An Overhead or an - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Ene nergy C y Com omplia iance ce An Overhead or an Opportunity? City Exhibition Centre, Manchester 21 st March 2013 Darre ren J Jones B.Sc.( .(Ho Hons) E Eng. T Tech MC h MCIB IBSE L LCEA Man anag aging D Dir irector o
Darre ren J Jones B.Sc.( .(Ho Hons) E
Tech MC h MCIB IBSE L LCEA Man anag aging D Dir irector o
w Carbon E Europe
Energy Performance of Building Directive (EPBD)
F-Gas Regulations F-Gas Regulations require a regular inspection of systems containing fluorinated gas at intervals of at least every 12 months CRC - The Carbon Reduction Commitment Energy Efficiency Scheme EU-ETS – European Union Emissions Trading Scheme
Air Conditioning Compliance – An Overhead or an Opportunity?
centralised cooling systems
cooling load
By 4th January 2009, all Air Conditioning Systems with an effective rated output greater than 250kW should have occurred!
performance of their building and plant
energy and cut operational costs
By 4th January 2009, all Air Conditioning Systems with an effective rated
40% for Offices & Hospitals 80% for Research & Development Establishments
Eland House 1 Horse Guards Road Bressenden Place London SW1A 2HQ
investment opportunities
plant in relation to cooling demands of the building
regimes
costs and Carbon Dioxide emissions
temperatures are maintained, this will help provide uniformity of temperature set points across the building but should also take into consideration the various solar elevations of the building
BMS strategies to prevent simultaneous heating and cooling taking place between AHUs, perimeter heating circuits and chilled beam units
calibration, in order maintain optimum control efficiency
Monday to Friday all year round. It is considered however, that when ambient air temperatures are below 15°C and solar heat gains are minimal that conditioned air supplied by AHU systems should be adequate without the need to run the chilled beams. Consideration should therefore be given to controlling the ‘on floor’ secondary chilled water pumps on a demand only basis
indicate that the frequency of replacement needs to be increased. Replacing the filters on a more regularly basis would reduce the load
were on. Replacing or repairing these valves/actuators will prevent losses in the systems
rather than using heat recovery. This air requires heat input to achieve the desired temperature. By using a combination of heat recovery and fresh air free cooling, the amount of mechanical conditioning can be reduced
Recommendation – Repair Fresh Air Actuator Issue – Faulty Actuator Annual Energy Saving – 30,000kWh Annual Cost Saving – £1,350 Implementation Cost – £350 Payback Period – 3 Months
losses will be increased. This ductwork passes through an un- conditioned plant room. By replacing this lagging, these losses can be reduced
basement plant-room. It is not considered necessary to condition plant areas unless these areas are subjected to temperatures in excess of 30oC. Consideration should be given to permanently isolating the heating battery on this unit and controlling the fan speed to provide a minimum amount of fresh air free-cooling. This would reduce both heating loads as well as power consumed by the motor
fresh air dampers on AHU 6. The BMS indicated that the unit was in full recirculation mode, however on inspection, it was found that the fresh air dampers were fully open. This will be causing more mechanical conditioning to be required
Descript iptio ion of Works ks Energy R Reduction
Carbon
Diox
Reduction
Annual Co Cost S Saving Implement ementation C n Cost Payback P k Perio iod kWh' h's Tonnes nes (Mon
BMS control adjustment, calibration and policy adoption 277,296 105 £12,474.00 £2,000.00 2 Filter replacements 47,500 26 £3,970.00 £1,850.00 6 BMS Control modifications 15,000 8 £1,254.00 £600.00 6 Repair / Replace CW valve 12,500 5 £800.00 £400.00 6 BMS control adjustments 10,000 4 £650.00 £300.00 6 Repair / replace control valves 4,500 14 £2,034.00 £500.00 3 Re fitting control actuator 30,000 9 £1,350.00 £350.00 3 Repair / replace control valves 12500 5 £800.00 £400.00 6 Replacing ductwork lagging 6000 2 £300.00 £300.00 12 BMS control adjustments 70000 38 £5,800.00 £300.00 1 Repair / replace control valves 2250 1 £145.00 £175.00 15 Repairing the damper control 5835 1.4 £196.00 £175.00 12 Repair / replace control valves 45000 14 £2,034.00 £500.00 3 Repair / replace control valves 8550 4 £550.00 £175.00 4 Repairing the damper control 2950 2 £285.00 £175.00 8
549, 49,881 238 38 32, 32,642 £8,200 200.00 00 3
Summary of Quick Win Savings
Implementing the low cost energy saving initiatives identified could result in a total energy reduction of 9.9%, this equates to a cost saving in the region of £32,642 per annum and a CO2 reduction of 238 tonnes It is anticipated that if all quick win low-cost measures identified in this report are adopted the current DEC rating of the building will improve from an F rating (127) to an E rating (116)
Air Conditioning Compliance AN OPPORTUNITY!
(ARTICLE 9)
determine current lighting levels, which are then compared against healthcare requirements in accordance with the relevant CIBSE Lighting Guide
T5 Lighting LED Lighting
Operational Costs Value
Cost of equipment £49,543 Lamp change costs £10 Approximate number of lamps 800 Maintenance Cycle 2 years (assuming near constant operation) Maintenance Cost £8,000 Depreciation in performance 2% Annual Savings £23,924 Interest rate 10% Assumes a 3.5% rise PA in electricity prices
Expenses Income
Term in years Fixed costs Other costs Total Money saved by project Other savings Total Cash flow Cumulative cash flow 49,543 49,543
1 £23,924 £0 £23,924 £23,924
2 8,000 8,000 £24,283 £0 £24,283 £16,283
3 £24,647 £0 £24,647 £24,647 £15,311 4 8,000 8,000 £25,017 £0 £25,017 £17,017 £32,328 5 £25,392 £0 £25,392 £25,392 £57,720 6 8,000 8,000 £25,773 £0 £25,773 £17,773 £75,493 7 £26,160 £0 £26,160 £26,160 £101,652 8 8,000 8,000 £26,552 £0 £26,552 £18,552 £120,204 9 £26,950 £0 £26,950 £26,950 £147,154 10 8,000 8,000 £27,354 £0 £27,354 £19,354 £166,509 £166,509 NPV = £82,572.37
Operational Costs Value
Cost of equipment £115,843 Lamp change costs £65 Approximate number of lamps 800 Maintenance Cycle 6 years (assuming near constant operation) Maintenance Cost £52,000 Depreciation in performance 2% Annual Savings £25,517 Interest rate 10% Assumes a 3.5% rise PA in electricity prices
Expenses Income
Term in years Fixed costs Other costs Total Money saved by project Other savings Total Cash flow Cumulative cash flow 115,843 115,843
1 £25,517 £0 £25,517 £25,517
2 £25,900 £0 £25,900 £25,900
3 £26,288 £0 £26,288 £26,288
4 £26,683 £0 £26,683 £26,683
5 £27,083 £0 £27,083 £27,083 £15,627 6 52,000 52,000 £27,489 £0 £27,489
7 £27,901 £0 £27,901 £27,901 £19,018 8 £28,320 £0 £28,320 £28,320 £47,338 9 £28,745 £0 £28,745 £28,745 £76,082 10 £29,176 £0 £29,176 £29,176 £105,258 £105,258 NPV = £20,683.25
Observe:
requirements
saving
modulation of systems
with BMS
Can reduce plant running costs by up to 30%
Recommendation – Replace
Fresh Air Actuator
I ssue – Actuator Removed Annual Energy Saving –
190,000kWh
Annual Cost Saving – £9,500 I mplementation Cost – £500 Payback Period – Under 1 Month
Recommendation – Clean Coil
Face (Jet or Steam)
I ssue – Soiled Coil Face Annual Energy Saving –
300,000kWh
Annual Cost Saving – £15,000 I mplementation Cost – £500 Payback Period – Under 1 Month
Condensing Hoods
Can reduce chilled water costs by up to 5% On large water chillers this can equate to savings in excess of £2,000 PA.
What impact does dirty filter media have on energy consumption?
CHP plant
recirculation
Traditional Method for Performance Analysis
and notoriously difficult to install and calibrate on site. Stability over time is an issue
except in best case pass/fail
would require gauges, a variety of electronic test equipment and a vacuum pump
The Internal Method
Advantages of the Internal Method
Performance evaluation
Operational evaluation
FANS CONSUME 18% OF UK ELECTRI CAL ENERGY
SOURCE – 2002 SAVE PROGRAMME MARKET STUDY
In addition to addressing fan efficiency to reduce fan energy consumption, an improvement to airflow distribution over heat exchangers through a change in fan type can deliver compressor, pump and gas savings.
Condensing Fans
The Problem
consumption
pressure to compensate for the high hysteresis and maintain stability
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0 J F M A M J J A S O N D Ambient 0C 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 kPa Avg Ambient Temp Head Pressure
The Solution
control, all fans duty share - low hysteresis, lower energy consumption AT 50% AIRFLOW, POWER INPUT IS 12.5% OF TOTAL USING MODULATING CONTROL vs 50% USING ON/OFF CONTROL
0% 25% 50% 75% 100% 13% 25% 38% 50% 63% 75% 88% 100% Airflow Power I nput On/ Off Cont rol Modulat ing Cont rol
The Solution
pressure setpoint, tracked to ambient temperature
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0 J F M A M J J A S O N D Ambient 0C 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 kPa Avg Ambient Temp Head Pressure
A 1°C drop in condensing temperature delivers a 3% energy saving
Old fans, ‘Bang-Bang’ Control New fans, ‘Bang-Bang’ Control New fans, Ramp Control
52% ‘FAN FOR FAN’ SAVING ACHIEVED 78% COMBINED FAN & CONTROL SAVING 26% OVERALL SAVING ACHIEVED INCLUDING COMPRESSORS
An investment of £20,000 on VSDs Just 100mm of loft insulation!
Never considered a Chiller that utilises Turbocor Compressors – Typical COP of 8 New Chiller fitted with Screw Compressors – Typical COP of 4
No consideration given to installing CHP £5m Spent on New Generators