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The Path to Grid‐Interactive Water Heating (GIWH), Opportunities & Challenges
Paul Steffes
November 13, 2017 psteffes@steffes.com| www.steffes.com
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The Path to GridInteractive Water Heating (GIWH), Opportunities - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
The Path to GridInteractive Water Heating (GIWH), Opportunities - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
The Path to GridInteractive Water Heating (GIWH), Opportunities & Challenges Paul Steffes November 13, 2017 psteffes@steffes.com| www.steffes.com www.peakload.org www.peakload.org 41% Electric Water Heat Saturation Northeast: 22%
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41% Electric Water Heat Saturation
Hawaii: 60% West: 26% Midwest: 30% Northeast: 22% South: 60%
Census Housing Survey Table 2.5 (2010)
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Magnitude of Potential
45 Million Water Heaters Total Capacity 4.5kW/ea. 202.5 gW Energy Storage Capacity 12kWh 540 gWh Annual Energy 3800kWh/ea. 171 tWh
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Current Grid Challenges
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Generation Variability
Wind Variability Solar Variability
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Roof top solar is going to explode! 2020
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A Dramatic Evolution: O’ahu’s Load Curve
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CAISO ‐ Impact of PV & Wind to Net Load
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Percent of Negatively Priced Hours
Don’t pay others to take your surplus Electricity
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Fast Regulation to balance the Grid
Under FERC Order 755, fast acting regulation resources could be compensated at much higher rates than today.
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Great Variability
- f need for
Hot Water
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BPA – Actual kWh / day Single WH over 365
Note: There is greater average daily usage during winter months
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Energy Analysis
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Group of 150 Water Heaters
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What is GETS?
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Electric Thermal Storage(ETS)
15 to 500 kWh Energy Storage 10 to 25 kWh Energy Storage
- Largest users of energy in the home 60+%
- Have storage capability
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Electric Thermal Storage
- Electricity is stored as heat in a well
insulated brick core.
All heating is accomplished by using off-peak or renewable energy
- Internal blower system delivers the heat to
the conditioned space as needed to maintain comfort 24/7.
- It’s FULLY AUTOMATIC
- Storage occurs based on availability of
renewable or off-peak energy or as signaled by the utility for ancillary services.
- On-board Microprocessor based control
system regulates charging and discharging.
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Grid-interactive Electric Thermal Storage (GETS)
Dynamically couples consumer usage to real-time grid needs
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Grid‐interactive ETS (GETS)
- Provides Grid Reliability, Stabilization, and
Optimization
- Improves System Efficiency
- Helps Integrate Large Quantities of Renewables
- Provides Economic Value:
- Market Price
- Regulation Services
- Less renewable curtailment
- Stops paying to sell renewable energy
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Integration of various groups?
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Hydro Plus Solar Water Heater
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Aggregation Cloud
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Grouping of Assets Utility, Billing Node, Substation, Feeder or other
Group #2 Aggregation CLOUD Group #1 Group #3
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Dispatchable Aggregated Resources
MW(thermal)
Discharge
Delivery of hot water
MW(electric)
Charge Rate
Coupled to the real‐time needs of grid
MWh(thermal)
State of Charge
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Hawaiian Electric’s 1st BTM Residential Energy Storage 2.2 MW—5MW‐h
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Real‐Time Community Storage Aggregate Control 2.2 MW—5MW‐h
Over 100 water heaters acting in concert to provide predictable, precision control
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Real‐Time Community Storage Aggregate Control 5.4MW—42MW‐h
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Economic Value
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Sandia – Energy Storage Costs
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Car vs GETS vs Battery
Nissan Leaf
- 9.5 kWh / day
- ~$30,000
Steffes Hydro Plus
- 10 kWh / day
- ~$1,500
Tesla Battery
- 7 kWh
- ~$6,500
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Value of LMP optimization and fast regulation
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Why is GETS technology important?
WIN‐WIN‐WIN Consumer, Utility, Environment
- Saves consumers money
- Provides fast regulation
- Better uses existing utility infrastructure
- Integrates large quantities of renewable
- Reduces GHG’s
- Cost‐effective Energy Storage
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Steffes
“Commitment to Innovation”
Paul Steffes, Founder Steffes LLC 3050 North Highway 22 Dickinson, ND 58601 701 483 5400 psteffes@steffes.com