ELECTRICITY SUPPLY SYSTEMS OF THE FUTURE Rob Stephen President - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

sustainable electricity for all

ELECTRICITY SUPPLY SYSTEMS OF THE FUTURE

Rob Stephen – President Cigre AFSEC conference March 2017

• Founded in 1921, CIGRE, the Council on Large

Electric Systems,

• Our

Mission:To be the world’s foremost collaborative technical reference organization for all aspects of electric power systems

• Our vision: To be universally recognised as the

leading global organisation for all aspects of electric power systems

CIGRE

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CIGRE’s technical activities split into 16 Study Committees. Approximately 230 Working Groups are constantly operating, grouping together over 3800 experts within the electric energy sector from all over the world, who are ideally positioned to express the views of industry and academia.

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STUDY COMMITTEES

EQUIPMENT NEW MATERIAL S & IT SYSTEMS TECHNO LOGIES

A1 A3 A2 B1 B4 B5 B2 B3 C6 C1 C3 C5 C2 C4 D1 D2

16 STUDY COMMITTEES

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The purpose of modern power systems is to supply electric

energy satisfaying the following conflicting requirements:

• High reliability and security of supply
• Most economic solution
• Best environmental protection

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sustainable electricity for all

• Policies for lower carbon, renewable energy sources (RES),

efficient energy use

• Integration of RES and distributed generation (DG) into the

grids

• Increased customer participation and new needs for

distribution grids

• Progress in technology including ICT
• End-of-life grid renewal (ageing assets)
• Methods to connect remote areas with no electricity
• Market design and regulatory mechanisms for an equitable,

cost-effective transformation

• Environmental compliance and sustainability

CHALLENGES

• 1. Increasing importance of large networks for bulk transmission
• capable of interconnecting load regions and large centralized renewable generation

resources including offshore,

• to provide more interconnections between countries and energy markets.
• 2. The emergence of clusters of small, largely self-contained distribution networks
• which include decentralized local generation, energy storage and active customer

participation

• intelligently managed so that they are operated as active networks providing local

active and reactive support. The best future will likely have a mix of the two models. 10 issues drive the transformation, and Cigré contributes strongly to them.

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GRID MODELS

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1

ACTIVE DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS

2

MASSIVE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION

3

INTEGRATION OF HVDC/POWER ELECTRONICS

4

MASSIVE INSTALLATION OF STORAGE

5

NEW SYSTEMS OPERATIONS /CONTROLS

6

NEW CONCEPTS FOR PROTECTION

7

NEW CONCEPTS IN PLANNING

8

NEW TOOLS FOR TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE

9

INCREASE OF UNDERGROUND INFRASTRUCTURE NEED FOR STAKEHOLDER AWARENESS

10

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SC C6 SC C3 SC C4 SC C5

1 ACTIVE DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS

SC B1 SC B2 SC C1

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Key Cigré work on:

• Distribution level needs more “smartness”
• Massive penetration of smaller units imposes the

need for their control and coordination

• Smart metering massive implementation
• Evolution of markets and regulation
• Novel distribution network architectures
• Microgrids and Virtual Power Plants
• Solutions for remote micro grid connections
• Connection of remote areas with no access to

electricity

SC B5 SC C6 SC D2

2 MASSIVE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION

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Key Cigré work on:

• New architecture of the whole system for

system operation, protection…

• What data must be exchanged and with

what kind of requirements (volume, frequency, availability, security, etc.)

• Big Data – massive data exchange

In addition:

• Disaster recovery and restoration plans
• Cyber security and access control

SC B1 SC B4 SC B2 SC C4 SC C6 SC C1

3 INTEGRATION OF HVDC / POWER ELECTRONICS (PE)

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Key Cigré work on:

• HVDC and Power electronics (PE) may create

harmonic distortion managed with ac and dc harmonic filtering

• Fault behaviour
• Network performance needs to be carefully

studied, with appropriate models of the HVDC and PE systems

• HVDC Grids LV DC grids
• The penetration of power electronics at

medium and low voltage levels

SC C6 SC C4 SC C1

4 MASSIVE INSTALLATION OF STORAGE

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Key Cigré work on:

• Modeling for steady state and dynamic simulations.
• Management for storage
• Sizing of storage devices
• Co-operation with RES for hybrid systems
• Management in autonomous power systems
• Ability to reduce peaks
• Co-operation with DSM
• Frequency control

SC C2 SC B5 SC C6

5 NEW SYSTEMS OPERATIONS / CONTROLS

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Key Cigré work on:

• Power balancing, congestion and risk management
• New software to quickly determine system status
• ver wide areas, automated configuration

adjustment, automated service restoration

• Inertia, synthetic inertia, rate of change of frequency.
• Adapt training of system operators.

SC B5 SC C4 SC C6

6 NEW CONCEPTS FOR PROTECTION

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Key Cigré work on:

• New Wide area Protection systems
• Impact on the protection system of new generation

technologies (decreasing short circuit power)

• Capabilities for Fault Ride Trough
• Coordination between protection and new generators

capabilities

• Inadvertent Islanding detection
• Intentional islanded operation
• Rapid under frequency operation
• Data management and architecture of the future
• Metering as information collectors for distribution

networks automation, home energy management and EVs

SC C1 SC C3 SC C4 SC C6 SC B2 SC B5

7 NEW CONCEPTS IN PLANNING

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Key Cigré work on:

• Risk-based planning to manage uncertainties and

changes in nature of supply and demand and role

• f the power system
• Interaction of transmission and distribution

expansion investment needs, to plan best for demand response, distributed generation

• Understand cost, capabilities and lead times of

each new technology

• Keep learning about pros, cons and combinations
• f central planning vs. market solutions under

changing market and regulatory environments

• Single phase analysis, integration of microgrids,

load and voltage determination.

• Integration of HVDC Grids and AC Networks

SC C4 SC C6 SC C1

8 NEW TOOLS FOR TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE

sustainable electricity for all

Key Cigré work on:

• Advanced numerical techniques and numerical

methods for the solution of multiphase load-flow problems, steady-state initialization of network studies and time-domain simulation

• Bridging the gap between 3-phase and positive

sequence modeling – single phase

• Geographical Information System (GIS) based tools
• Advanced tools and techniques for power balancing

and reserve requirement evaluation

• Operational tools allowing a probabilistic and risk-

based planning

• New tools for development and operation of active

networks, especially their dynamic behavior, islanding and power quality effects

• Models for assessing the interaction between the ac

system and HVDC converter stations, HVDC Grids and for FACTS devices

SC B1 SC B2 SC B4 SC C3 SC C4 SC C1

9 INCREASED USE OF EXISTING ROUTES

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Key Cigré work on:

• Which technologies can be used for uprating

existing lines: probabilistic ratings, real time ratings, high temperature conductors

• Convert AC to DC lines
• Develop new insulated AC or DC submarine and

underground cables for offshore wind farms

• Investigate the ability of all components to

withstand transients and over voltages

• Increased use of interconnections and their

implications on planning, operation & control and the establishment of electricity markets

SC B1 SC B2 SC C3 SC C6 SC C1 NEED FOR STAKEHOLDER AWARENESS

10

sustainable electricity for all

Key Cigré work on:

In the planning phase:

• To demonstrate the usefulness and the benefits given

by the network

• To guarantee that Sustainable Development principles

and issues are being incorporated since this stage

• To take into account public views and needs already in

the design steps (e.g. the choice of alternatives)

• Community involvement

In the construction and operation phases:

• To demonstrate the compliance with environmental

standards, to obtain a support to the necessary actions (e.g. maintenance,…)

• Community involvement

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SUSTAINABLE ELECTRICITY FOR ALL Low density, high cost, low demand, no address, pre paid meters. House cannot support Connection, house may move, long distance to repair faults

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THANK YOU rob.stephen@eskom.co.za