Basic integration issues Challenge in integration References ECE 566: Grid Integration of Wind Energy Systems S. Suryanarayanan Associate Professor ECE Dept. Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in integration References Reminders and notifications Homework 1: Was due today (9.9.14) at 515pm (mtn time) 1 via RamCT Blackboard. Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in integration References Reminders and notifications Homework 1: Was due today (9.9.14) at 515pm (mtn time) 1 via RamCT Blackboard. Homework 2: Will be uploaded to RamCT on Friday 2 (9.12.14) Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in integration References Reminders and notifications Homework 1: Was due today (9.9.14) at 515pm (mtn time) 1 via RamCT Blackboard. Homework 2: Will be uploaded to RamCT on Friday 2 (9.12.14) Reading material for Weeks 3 and 4 are on RamCT 3 Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in integration References Reminders and notifications Homework 1: Was due today (9.9.14) at 515pm (mtn time) 1 via RamCT Blackboard. Homework 2: Will be uploaded to RamCT on Friday 2 (9.12.14) Reading material for Weeks 3 and 4 are on RamCT 3 Weeks 3 and 4: Guest lectures by Dr. James Cale, NREL 4 Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in integration References For part-A of Week 3 lecture CUSP TM lecture on ’Wind turbine modeling and control’ from the Wind Energy Essentials course at the University of Minnesota (UMN) Recording and slides available on RamCT Blackboard Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Introduction Challenge in integration Consumer requirements References Wind farm operators requirements Basic integration issues of wind power [1] P G = P D + P L − P W (1) Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Introduction Challenge in integration Consumer requirements References Wind farm operators requirements Basic integration issues of wind power [1] Equation (1) is true for both short and long time-frames Equation (1) also shows that electricity cannot be stored within the power system Changes in demand and wind generation must be met immediately to maintain balance Failure to balance Equation (1) will lead to blackouts Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Introduction Challenge in integration Consumer requirements References Wind farm operators requirements Consumer requirements [1] CR1 Voltage at point of common coupling (PCC) has to stay within an acceptable range CR2 Reliability of supply CR3 Supply should be reasonably priced Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Introduction Challenge in integration Consumer requirements References Wind farm operators requirements Wind farm operators requirements [1] WP1 Voltage at point of common coupling (PCC) has to stay within an acceptable range WP2 Ability of network on demand to sell power WP3 Maintain a good balance between costs of operation and benefits Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in CR1 Challenge in integration Challenge in WP1 References Challenge in CR2 Challenge in integration [1] How to meet CR1, CR2, WP1, & WP2 in an economically efficient manner— i.e, while satisfying CR3 & WP3 —even when wind penetration in the electric grid is high? Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in CR1 Challenge in integration Challenge in WP1 References Challenge in CR2 Challenge in CR1 [1] When there is no wind power installation Generators P G keep the voltage U 0 constant by steady production of electricity that equals the demand P D Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in CR1 Challenge in integration Challenge in WP1 References Challenge in CR2 Challenge in CR1 [1] When there is no wind power installation Generators P G keep the voltage U 0 constant by steady production of electricity that equals the demand P D When P D changes, the currents I 3 and I 1 change Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in CR1 Challenge in integration Challenge in WP1 References Challenge in CR2 Challenge in CR1 [1] When there is no wind power installation Generators P G keep the voltage U 0 constant by steady production of electricity that equals the demand P D When P D changes, the currents I 3 and I 1 change These cause voltage drops over impedances Z 3 and Z 1 , respectively Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in CR1 Challenge in integration Challenge in WP1 References Challenge in CR2 Challenge in CR1 [1] When there is no wind power installation Generators P G keep the voltage U 0 constant by steady production of electricity that equals the demand P D When P D changes, the currents I 3 and I 1 change These cause voltage drops over impedances Z 3 and Z 1 , respectively In case of long lines or comparatively low voltages, Z 3 and Z 1 will be large, and hence the change in U 3 due to change in P D will be significant Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in CR1 Challenge in integration Challenge in WP1 References Challenge in CR2 Challenge in CR1 [1] When there is no wind power installation Generators P G keep the voltage U 0 constant by steady production of electricity that equals the demand P D When P D changes, the currents I 3 and I 1 change These cause voltage drops over impedances Z 3 and Z 1 , respectively In case of long lines or comparatively low voltages, Z 3 and Z 1 will be large, and hence the change in U 3 due to change in P D will be significant To avoid significant impact to customers (CR1), the following may be adopted: Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in CR1 Challenge in integration Challenge in WP1 References Challenge in CR2 Challenge in CR1 [1] When there is no wind power installation A Build a stronger grid (with lower values of Z 3 and Z 1 ) by operating lines at higher voltages and installing larger transformers B Control U 3 by installing controllable transformers near the end-user realm C Control U 1 by installing voltage-controlling equipment such as controllable transformers, shunt capacitors/reactors on the grid Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in CR1 Challenge in integration Challenge in WP1 References Challenge in CR2 Challenge in CR1 [1] When there is wind power installation Let us assume now that wind generators installed the system are producing P W electricity as well Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in CR1 Challenge in integration Challenge in WP1 References Challenge in CR2 Challenge in CR1 [1] When there is wind power installation Let us assume now that wind generators installed the system are producing P W electricity as well When P W changes due to changes in υ 1 , the current I 2 will vary Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in CR1 Challenge in integration Challenge in WP1 References Challenge in CR2 Challenge in CR1 [1] When there is wind power installation Let us assume now that wind generators installed the system are producing P W electricity as well When P W changes due to changes in υ 1 , the current I 2 will vary This will cause I 1 to change and will cause a drop in Z 1 , Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in CR1 Challenge in integration Challenge in WP1 References Challenge in CR2 Challenge in CR1 [1] When there is wind power installation Let us assume now that wind generators installed the system are producing P W electricity as well When P W changes due to changes in υ 1 , the current I 2 will vary This will cause I 1 to change and will cause a drop in Z 1 , This will introduce a change in U 1 as well as in U 3 Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in CR1 Challenge in integration Challenge in WP1 References Challenge in CR2 Challenge in CR1 [1] When there is wind power installation Let us assume now that wind generators installed the system are producing P W electricity as well When P W changes due to changes in υ 1 , the current I 2 will vary This will cause I 1 to change and will cause a drop in Z 1 , This will introduce a change in U 1 as well as in U 3 The change in U 3 depends primarily on the size of Z 1 Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
Basic integration issues Challenge in CR1 Challenge in integration Challenge in WP1 References Challenge in CR2 Challenge in CR1 [1] When there is wind power installation Let us assume now that wind generators installed the system are producing P W electricity as well When P W changes due to changes in υ 1 , the current I 2 will vary This will cause I 1 to change and will cause a drop in Z 1 , This will introduce a change in U 1 as well as in U 3 The change in U 3 depends primarily on the size of Z 1 If Z 1 is large, the correlation between variations in P W and U 3 will be profound; if Z 1 small, this correlation will be small and U 3 will not be affected much. Suryanarayanan ECE 566 Lecture/Week 3b
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