Driving towards circularity, Bratislava, 6/7 November 2017 D - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The ELV Directive as an instrument to drive circular economy in the automotive industry – Driving towards circularity, Bratislava, 6/7 November 2017

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Innovation, Investment & Monitoring

Circular Economy

Biomass & Bio-based Products Plastics Food Waste

Construction & Demolition

Critical Raw Materials

The ELV Directive 2000/53/EC

• ELVs as a priority waste stream, addressing challenges

concerning end-of-life vehicles in the 1980s/1990s

• Directive covers: Passenger cars with up to 8 places and

driver, small vans up to 3.5 t

• Objectives: (1) Minimise environmental impact of ELVs; (2)

Ensure proper functioning of the internal market and avoid distortions of competition

• De facto: an instrument to drive circularity in the

automotive sector

Reported weight of generated waste from ELVs – 6 Mio ELVs in 2015

5 000 10 000 15 000 20 000 25 000 30 000 35 000 6 050 000 6 100 000 6 150 000 6 200 000 6 250 000 6 300 000 6 350 000 6 400 000 6 450 000 6 500 000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Generated waste (tonnes)

European Union (28 countries) Slovakia

ELV Directive – Targets / Substance ban

• MS to introduce systems to ensure that targets are attained

by economic operators

• from 2006:
• Minimum reuse and recovery rate: 85%
• Minimum reuse and recycling rate: 80%
• from 2015:
• Minimum reuse and recovery rate: 95%
• Minimum reuse and recycling rate: 85%
• Substance ban:
• Pb, Hg, Cd, CrVI
• List of exemptions in Annex II regularly reviewed

according to technical and scientific progress

Extended Producer Responsibility

Design responsibility

• Producers to limit the use of hazardous substances in vehicles
• Producers to design cars in a way that facilitates dismantling,

recycling, reuse and recovery: Standards in the type-approval directive (The ‘3R-Directive: Commission Directive 2005/64/EU)

• Producers to integrate more recycled materials in new vehicles

Organisational responsibility

• Economic operators to set up collection systems and achieve targets

Financial responsibility = free take back Information responsibility (coding standards)

• Coding standards to facilitate identification of components suitable for

reuse and recovery

• Provide dismantling information, ia on location of all hazardous

substances in vehicles: International Dismantling Information System

ELV - Treatment and organisation

• Treatment only by authorised treatment facilities (ATF)
• Minimum technical requirements for storage and treatment
• f end-of-life vehicles
• Hazardous materials to be removed before shredding, stripping to ensure

suitability of components for reuse and recycling

• MS to encourage treatment operators to implement

certified environmental management systems

• Important: Vehicles are not to be deregistered without a

‘certificate of destruction’ to be provided by the ATF (or producer or dealer)

Achievements of the ELV Directive

• “Contributed to making car manufacturing in the EU a more

efficient, innovative and more sustainable industry”

• No more abandoned ELVs, increase in number of ELVs

treated in ATFs, and of ATFs

• Proper treatment (not only of materials with a positive

value), new treatment technologies/infrastructure, increased efficiency and sector expanded and professionalised

• High targets under the Directive largely met (2015

recycling/reuse already in anticipation, not yet 95% recovery/reuse)

• Reduction of hazardous substances largely achieved
• Improved information for recyclers (IDIS), progress in

design for disassembly and design for reuse

Challenges and opportunities

• Systemic problem with statistically missing ELVs: 4.2 Mio!
• Lack of good quality data, also reporting by MS
• (Material) technology development (e-mobility, plastic)

creating new challenges affecting the treatment of vehicles, new opportunities e.g. critical raw materials recovery

• Recycling infrastructure effectiveness
• Innovations expected, i.e. concerning material separation

enhancement, thermo-chemical conversion (gasification and pyrolysis) and recycling/recovery routes of the residue.

Challenges and opportunities - Plastic

• Plastic in cars increasing – from 12-15% to 18% (?) in 2020
• Automotive sector: 9% of plastic waste in EU, recycling rate of

automotive plastic: 9%

• Use of recycled plastics low
• Hazardous substances (POPs …), information ?
• Brainstorming on “ELV tools” to improve plastic parts

reuse/recycling: Full use of ELV information requirements, improve IDIS, best practice commitments … OR: ELV targets (material specific, exclude recovery)? Specific requirements in Annex 1 (…), material specific reporting for monitoring of ELV targets (FR)? EPR fee modulation? Idem for recycled content? OR: ?

• CE 12/2017: Plastic Strategy; Chemicals/waste interface

Critical Raw Materials - CRM in e-cars

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Key action areas - ELVs in a Circular Economy

• Increase reuse
• Quality recycling (separation), increase yield rates and

processing efficiencies (improve sorting, develop better pre-and post shredding technologies)

• Enhance information for recycling
• Enhance vehicle design (recyclability, disassembling,

substitution of materials…)

• Incentivize & enforce
• Awareness- raising and information

Towards the future: leading the way with Best Practice

• Best Environmental Management Practice for the Car

Manufacturing sector

• Best Practice: inspiring environmental improvement by

showcasing achievements from front runners

• Sectoral Reference Document under EMAS, guidance for whole

sector

• Scope: car manufacturers, suppliers (Tiers 1+), ELV processors
• Developed with a working group of industry experts
• Technical report published by end 2017

Towards the future: leading the way with Best Practice

• A few examples of Best Practices: how frontrunners are

leading the way to a Circular Economy

• Design for sustainability using Life Cycle

Assessment (LCA)

helps identify improvements and trade-offs between different environmental impacts at design stage, to avoid shifting environmental burdens from one part of the product life cycle to another

• Best practices for remanufacturing components

helps increase remanufacturing activities and ensure the high quality of remanufactured parts while reducing environmental impacts and scaling up activities to cover more components

• Component and material take-back networks

extensive collaboration between different industry actors to increase the rate

• f reuse, recycling and recovery that is economically achievable

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"Making the circular economy a reality will however require long-term involvement at all levels, from Member States, regions and cities, to businesses and citizens."

Legislation and additional info

ELV - Legislative Set-Up

• Directive 2000/53/EC on end-of-life vehicles
• Commission Decision 2001/753/EC concerning a questionnaire for

Member States tri-annual reports on the implementation of Directive 2000/53/EC

• Commission Decision 2002/151/EC on minimum requirements for

the certificate of destruction

• Commission Decision 2003/138/EC establishing component and

material coding standards

• Commission Directive 2005/64/EU on type-approval of motor

vehicles with regards to their reusability, recyclability and recoverability

• Commission Decision 2005/293/EC laying down detailed rules on

the monitoring of the reuse/recovery and reuse/recycling targets

For more information please visit:

• http://ec.europa.eu/environment/circular-

economy/index_en.htm

• http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/target_review.htm
• http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/elv_index.htm
• http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/
• waste/data/wastestreams/elvs
• Thank you for your attention!