Drivers of Food Choice Among Overweight Women and Children in Malawi - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Drivers of Food Choice Among Overweight Women and Children in Malawi - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Drivers of Food Choice Among Overweight Women and Children in Malawi Chrissie Thakwalakwa, 1 Valerie Flax, 2 John Phuka, 1 Lindsay Jaacks 3 1 University of Malawi, 2 RTI International, 3 Harvard University www.rti.org RTI International is a


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www.rti.org

RTI International is a registered trademark and a trade name of Research Triangle Institute.

Drivers of Food Choice Among Overweight Women and Children in Malawi

Chrissie Thakwalakwa,1 Valerie Flax,2 John Phuka,1 Lindsay Jaacks3

1University of Malawi, 2RTI International, 3Harvard University

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Background

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Malawi

§ 21% mothers overweight/obese § 5% children <5 years

  • verweight/obese
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Study Design (n=274 dyads)

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Study sites:

  • 8 communities in Lilongwe

and Kasungu Districts Type of dyad

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Data collection tools:

  • Quantitative food frequency

questionnaire

  • Drivers questionnaire

120 80

Rural (n=37) Urban (n=37) Rural (n=57) Urban (n=63) Rural (n=42) Urban (n=38)

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Descriptive Framework

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Food Choice

Procurement Consumption Structural & Socioeconomic

  • Transport and distance to

markets

  • Amount spent on food
  • Household food insecurity
  • Household assets
  • Household water and toilet

facilities

  • Number of household

members

  • Number of children < 5 y
  • Mother’s age
  • Mother’s education level
  • Child’s age and sex

Gender

  • Who purchases food
  • Household decision-

making (female autonomy score) Cognitive

  • Body size preferences

Taste Preferences

  • Maternal taste

preferences COST SEASON

  • URBAN/RURAL
  • SEASON
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Comparison of Dietary Intake of Mothers and Children by Study Arm

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Mother Child % calories from carbs % calories from fat grams/day of grains % calories from carbs % calories from fat grams/day of oil/fat vs.

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Significant Predictors of Food Group Consumption in Mothers

Grains Roots/ Tubers Legumes/ Nuts Vegetables Fruit Meat/Eggs Fish Dairy Oils/Fats Snacks Sweets Overweight mother, normal weight child

  • vs. both overweight

Number of household assets Household food insecurity access score Other family member usually buys food Uses transport to get to market vs. walking Purchase special foods for children Amount spent on special foods for children Mother perceives overweight/obese body size as healthy for her child Mother’s taste preference

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Significant Predictors of Food Group Consumption in Children

Grains Roots/ Tubers Legumes/ Nuts Vegetables Fruit Meat/Eggs Fish Dairy Oils/Fats Snacks Sweets Child age Mother has secondary education or higher Kasungu district vs. Lilongwe Number of household assets Household food insecurity access score Amount spent on food weekly Both parents usually buy food Purchase special foods for children Mother perceives overweight/obese body size as healthy for child Mother prefers obese body size for herself Mother’s taste preference

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Conclusions

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Key drivers of food choice were:

§ Socioeconomic factors § Body size preferences § Taste preferences

Recommendations:

§ Government of Malawi can use these findings to develop food policies or

nutrition programs to emphasize factors positively associated with consumption of healthy food groups

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Funding Disclosures

No conflicts to disclose.

Study Team

Funded by the UK Government’s Department for International Development and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and managed by the University of South Carolina, Arnold School of Public Health

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