Dr. Ron Heiniger Vernon G. James Research Center North Carolina - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Dr. Ron Heiniger Vernon G. James Research Center North Carolina - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY Dr. Ron Heiniger Vernon G. James Research Center North Carolina State University NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY State Average Yield 142 bu per acre 160 Total 126.5 mil bu Actual Yield

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY

  • Dr. Ron Heiniger

Vernon G. James Research Center North Carolina State University

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 1950 1954 1958 1962 1966 1970 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 Corn Yield, bu acre-1 Actual Yield bu/acre Linear (Actual Yield bu/acre)

State Average Yield – 142 bu per acre Total – 126.5 mil bu

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY 20 40 60 80 100 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

Temperature (F) Rainfall (inch)

Rainfall High Temp Low Temp

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY

  • Current

nt moistur ure is the result lt of very low

  • w sout

uther herly ly dip in the Jet Stream am.. .. No sign n of this is shif ifting ng anytim ime e soon – ex expect continuat nuatio ion n of current nt pattern n

  • Very Cold Januar

ary throu

  • ugh

gh March h – if Jet Stream am pattern n persis ists then n ex expect plenty of rain and possib ibilit ility of snow

  • w
  • Break ex

expected ed in April and May with h wa warm and dry condit itions ions.

  • Pattern will reemer

erge ge in early June with h rain and cool we weather her to early July

  • Final

l chang nge e in July to very hot

  • t and dry condit

itions

  • ns into Septemb

ember er

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY

Corn Prices – Jan 2012 to Today

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY

Corn Price Required to Cover Input Costs

Break Even Price ($ acre-1) Highest Yield (220 bu acre-1) $2.30 Average Yield (134 bu acre-1) $3.78 Lowest Yield (88 bu acre-1) $5.76

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY

 Remember that yield is a MULTIPLIER. High yield

should still be the goal. To offset reductions in price yield must increase.

 Select inputs that have a HIGH likelyhood of

increasing yield. Inputs must be able to increase yield enough to return revenue over cost.

 Select inputs that reduce environmental stresses and

help maintain yield. An input that helps guarantee profitable yield levels reduces the risk of economic loss.

The Effects of Lower Corn Prices

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY

 Technologies in Corn Production

 Advances in Hybrids – Drought Hybrids  Higher Plant Populations – 43,000 vs 33,000 plants/acre  Advanced Starter Fertilizers – (in furrow) + (2x2) vs 2x2 only  Seed Treatments – enhancing emergence  Fungicides – improving kernel weight

What t Manage agemen ent t Prac actic tices es Contrib tribute e the Most t to Yield ld and PRO ROFIT FIT?

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY

Intensive Management Overall Summary - 2013

Hybrid Location Beaufort Pamlico Davidson Sampson

Intensive Mgmt Standard Practice Intensive Mgmt Standard Practice Intensive Mgmt Standard Practice Intensive Mgmt Standard Practice

DKC 64-69 207.8 195.8* 248.0 202.3 245.1 235.6 207.4 189.8 DKC 68-05 241.2 223.4 227.9 197.7 254.3 229.3 202.6 193.9 Pioneer 1498 215.1 198.8 221.9 207.0 246.5 225.3 187.8 166.9 Pioneer 1690 220.8 225.5 259.5 233.6 243.0 226.8 197.5 170.2 Pioneer 2088 236.3 236.4 267.7 231.1 233.2 216.6 190.7 186.8 Syng. N68B 194.2 198.8 203.3 196.2 241.3 221.1 156.5 111.0

  • 5 to 46 bu

bu per acre Advantag age! e! Risk = -$83.55 per acre Maximum um Re Return n ov

  • ver Cost=

$123.45 per acre Breakeven n = 18.6 bu bu/ac acre

Hybrid Location Beaufort Pamlico Davidson Sampson

Intensive Mgmt Standard Practice Intensive Mgmt Standard Practice Intensive Mgmt Standard Practice Intensive Mgmt Standard Practice

DKC 64-69 207.8 195.8* 248.0 202.3 245.1 235.6 207.4 189.8 DKC 68-05 241.2 223.4 227.9 197.7 254.3 229.3 202.6 193.9 Pioneer 1498 215.1 198.8 221.9 207.0 246.5 225.3 187.8 166.9 Pioneer 1690 220.8 225.5 259.5 233.6 243.0 226.8 197.5 170.2 Pioneer 2088 236.3 236.4 267.7 231.1 233.2 216.6 190.7 186.8 Syng. N68B 194.2 198.8 203.3 196.2 241.3 221.1 156.5 111.0

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY

53.2 115.7 28 20.5 82.1 115 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Corn Yield, bu per acre

64 bu Difference In drought tolerant vs conventional

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY

302.8 310 311.3 300 289.5 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Corn Yield, bu per acre

  • 19 bu

Difference In drought tolerant vs conventional

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY

Increasing Seeding Rates (33,000 vs 43,000) - 2013

Hybrid Location Beaufort Pamlico Davidson Sampson

Intensive Mgmt 43000 Intensive Mgmt 33000 Intensive Mgmt 43000 Intensive Mgmt 33000 Intensive Mgmt 43000 Intensive Mgmt 33000 Intensive Mgmt 27000 Intensive Mgmt 37000

DKC 64-69 207.8 196.3* 248.0 217.0 245.1 229.1 207.4 198.0* DKC 68-05 241.2 213.5 227.9 214.0 254.3 220.6 202.6 186.6 Pioneer 1498 215.1 209.0 221.9 203.0 246.5 226.1 187.8 164.8 Pioneer 1690 220.8 212.9 259.5 228.7 243.0 236.2 197.5 188.7 Pioneer 2088 236.3 236.5 267.7 219.3 233.2 224.8 186.8 175.5 Syng. N68B 194.2 198.2 203.3 191.7 241.3 224.7 156.5 135.3

  • 4 to 48 bu

bu per acre Advantage! age! Risk = -$33.80 per acre Maximum um Re Return n ov

  • ver Cost=

$182.20 per acre Breakeven n = 7.5 bu bu/acre

Hybrid Location Beaufort Pamlico Davidson Sampson

Intensive Mgmt 43000 Intensive Mgmt 33000 Intensive Mgmt 43000 Intensive Mgmt 33000 Intensive Mgmt 43000 Intensive Mgmt 33000 Intensive Mgmt 27000 Intensive Mgmt 37000

DKC 64-69 207.8 196.3* 248.0 217.0 245.1 229.1 207.4 198.0* DKC 68-05 241.2 213.5 227.9 214.0 254.3 220.6 202.6 186.6 Pioneer 1498 215.1 209.0 221.9 203.0 246.5 226.1 187.8 164.8 Pioneer 1690 220.8 212.9 259.5 228.7 243.0 236.2 197.5 188.7 Pioneer 2088 236.3 236.5 267.7 219.3 233.2 224.8 186.8 175.5 Syng. N68B 194.2 198.2 203.3 191.7 241.3 224.7 156.5 135.3

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY 11-37-0 @ 20 gal/acre No starter

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY

Added Starter Fertilizer (3-18-18 in furrow) - 2013

Hybrid Location Beaufort Pamlico Davidson Sampson

Intensive Mgmt 3-18-18 Intensive Mgmt No 3-18-18 Intensive Mgmt 3-18-18 Intensive Mgmt No 3-18-18 Intensive Mgmt 3-18-18 Intensive Mgmt No 3-18-18 Intensive Mgmt 3-18-18 Intensive Mgmt No 3-18-18

DKC 64-69 207.8 195.6* 248.0 219.4 245.1 229.6 207.4 198.6 DKC 68-05 241.2 229.9* 227.9 220.5 254.3 244.8 202.6 201.6 Pioneer 1498 215.1 214.3 221.9 225.4 246.5 257.5 187.8 180.0 Pioneer 1690 220.8 212.2 259.5 235.0 243.0 233.7 197.5 193.7 Pioneer 2088 236.3 234.2 267.7 220.1 233.2 225.7 186.8 184.8 Syng. N68B 194.2 205.3 203.3 209.2 241.3 223.1 156.5 134.3

  • 9 to 47 bu

bu per acre Advant ntage! ge! Risk = -$22.50 to $25 per acre Maximum um Re Return n ov

  • ver Cost =

$186.50 per acre Breakeven n = 5.5 bu bu per acre

Hybrid Location Beaufort Pamlico Davidson Sampson

Intensive Mgmt 3-18-18 Intensive Mgmt No 3-18-18 Intensive Mgmt 3-18-18 Intensive Mgmt No 3-18-18 Intensive Mgmt 3-18-18 Intensive Mgmt No 3-18-18 Intensive Mgmt 3-18-18 Intensive Mgmt No 3-18-18

DKC 64-69 207.8 195.6* 248.0 219.4 245.1 229.6 207.4 198.6 DKC 68-05 241.2 229.9* 227.9 220.5 254.3 244.8 202.6 201.6 Pioneer 1498 215.1 214.3 221.9 225.4 246.5 257.5 187.8 180.0 Pioneer 1690 220.8 212.2 259.5 235.0 243.0 233.7 197.5 193.7 Pioneer 2088 236.3 234.2 267.7 220.1 233.2 225.7 186.8 184.8 Syng. N68B 194.2 205.3 203.3 209.2 241.3 223.1 156.5 134.3

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY

Seed Treatment (Pentilex) - 2013

Hybrid Location Beaufort Pamlico Davidson Sampson

Intensive Mgmt Pentilex Intensive Mgmt No Pentil Intensive Mgmt Pentilex Intensive Mgmt No Pentil Intensive Mgmt Pentilex Intensive Mgmt No Pentil Intensive Mgmt Pentilex Intensive Mgmt No Pentil

DKC 64-69 207.8 202.2 248.0 237.0 245.1 233.9* 207.4 202.6 DKC 68-05 241.2 239.7 227.9 223.7 254.3 253.4 202.6 200.1 Pioneer 1498 215.1 212.6 221.9 222.1 246.5 257.9 187.8 185.7 Pioneer 1690 220.8 230.2 259.5 247.5* 243.0 240.1 197.5 200.9 Pioneer 2088 236.3 238.9 267.7 232.0 233.2 226.8 186.8 190.7 Syng. N68B 194.2 213.4 203.3 203.0 241.3 219.6 156.5 161.3

  • 19 to 35 bu

bu per acre Advantag age! e! Risk = -$10.75 per acre Maximum um Re Return n ov

  • ver Cost=

$147 per acre Breakeven n = 2.3 bu bu per acre

Hybrid Location Beaufort Pamlico Davidson Sampson

Intensive Mgmt Pentilex Intensive Mgmt No Pentil Intensive Mgmt Pentilex Intensive Mgmt No Pentil Intensive Mgmt Pentilex Intensive Mgmt No Pentil Intensive Mgmt Pentilex Intensive Mgmt No Pentil

DKC 64-69 207.8 202.2 248.0 237.0 245.1 233.9* 207.4 202.6 DKC 68-05 241.2 239.7 227.9 223.7 254.3 253.4 202.6 200.1 Pioneer 1498 215.1 212.6 221.9 222.1 246.5 257.9 187.8 185.7 Pioneer 1690 220.8 230.2 259.5 247.5* 243.0 240.1 197.5 200.9 Pioneer 2088 236.3 238.9 267.7 232.0 233.2 226.8 186.8 190.7 Syng. N68B 194.2 213.4 203.3 203.0 241.3 219.6 156.5 161.3

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 Corn Yield, bu per acre

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY NC STATE UNIVERSITY

Fungicide (Quilt Xcel @ V5) - 2013

Hybrid Location Beaufort Pamlico Davidson Sampson

Intensive Mgmt Quilt Intensive Mgmt No Quilt Intensive Mgmt Quilt Intensive Mgmt No Quilt Intensive Mgmt Quilt Intensive Mgmt No Quilt Intensive Mgmt Quilt Intensive Mgmt No Quilt

DKC 64-69 207.8 210.5 248.0 237.0 245.1 239.7 207.4 205.8 DKC 68-05 241.2 237.7 227.9 228.2 254.3 246.2 202.6 201.3 Pioneer 1498 215.1 217.0 221.9 225.0 246.5 245.4 187.8 181.0 Pioneer 1690 220.8 232.3 259.5 227.3 243.0 232.1 197.5 188.2* Pioneer 2088 236.3 235.7 267.7 224.0 233.2 233.0 186.8 188.2 Syng. N68B 194.2 211.6 203.3 205.9 241.3 225.2 156.5 175.7

  • 17 to 43 bu

bu per acre Advantage age! Risk = -$14 per acre Maximum um Re Return n ov

  • ver

er Cost= $179.50 per acre Breakeven n = 3.1 bu bu per acre

Hybrid Location Beaufort Pamlico Davidson Sampson

Intensive Mgmt Quilt Intensive Mgmt No Quilt Intensive Mgmt Quilt Intensive Mgmt No Quilt Intensive Mgmt Quilt Intensive Mgmt No Quilt Intensive Mgmt Quilt Intensive Mgmt No Quilt

DKC 64-69 207.8 210.5 248.0 237.0 245.1 239.7 207.4 205.8 DKC 68-05 241.2 237.7 227.9 228.2 254.3 246.2 202.6 201.3 Pioneer 1498 215.1 217.0 221.9 225.0 246.5 245.4 187.8 181.0 Pioneer 1690 220.8 232.3 259.5 227.3 243.0 232.1 197.5 188.2* Pioneer 2088 236.3 235.7 267.7 224.0 233.2 233.0 186.8 188.2 Syng. N68B 194.2 211.6 203.3 205.9 241.3 225.2 156.5 175.7

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY 55.6 58.6 57.4 57 40 45 50 55 60 65 Kernel Weight, g per 200 kernels

Increasing Yield through Kernel Weight – Beaufort 2013

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY

Conclusions

 GET VALUE FROM EVERY INPUT YOU APPLY!!  Hybrid is the most important decision you make.  Plant Population is the second most critical factor. Match plant

population to hybrid capability, water availability, fertility, and

  • risk. Change population from field to field based on yield

history.

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NC STATE UNIVERSITY

Conclusions

 With the best hybrid at optimum plant population starter is

important but costly - USE STARTER TO AVOID RISK.

 Alternative (or addition) to starter fertilizer is the use of a

nutrient seed treatment. Cost effective way to achieve the starter effect.

 Quilt at V5 increased kernel weight - Fungicides are most

effective when the crop is under stress.