Dr Joseph O. Ugwu Dept of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong - - PDF document

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Dr Joseph O. Ugwu Dept of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong - - PDF document

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ICT for Collaborative Working in Project Management Dr Joseph O. Ugwu Dept of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong Seminar: Recent Developments in Project Management in HKSAR Friday 12 May 2006 1 Outline Part 1: ICT

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ICT for Collaborative Working in Project Management

Dr Joseph O. Ugwu

Dept of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong Seminar: Recent Developments in Project Management in HKSAR – Friday 12 May 2006

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Outline

  • Part 1: ICT Evolution in Construction
  • Part 2: Supporting Technologies &

Frameworks

  • Part 3: Example Applications -

Conclusion & Recommendation

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Part 1: Evolutionary Trends – Why Collaborative Project Management

  • Why Collaborate?
  • Construction ICT Business Case

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ICT Evolution in Construction – Why Collaborate?

Contextual Issues in ICT - CIRC Report (2001) p8:

– “… the construction industry should make more extensive use

  • f modern construction methods and techniques as well as

information technology (IT) ” – “… IT will help to improve construction efficiency through better information flow among project participants, improved design capability, and enhanced project logistics management” An efficient, innovative and productive industry – “… Research is a key driver to improve the overall performance of the construction industry through technology upgrading…” Research & Development

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ICT Evolution in Construction – Why Collaborate?

  • Present Construction Supply Chain Environment:
  • A shift from two-person contractual model; to
  • Multi-layer inter-organizational contractual

relationships

  • Construction is now a Global Business with new

Market Models

  • Focus:
  • Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
  • Total Quality Management (TQM)
  • Design for Sustainability and Infrastructure Security

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Evolution of ICT for Collaborative Project Management

  • Current applications
  • Design Analysis & Detailing - CAD
  • Planning Tools - Primavera & MS Project
  • Building Services & Life Cycle Costing Tools
  • Management Information Systems (MIS)
  • Evolving Organisational Structures
  • Vertical & Horizontal Integration [ Mergers, Acquisitions &

Takeovers]

  • Intra- and Inter-Organizational Communication Bottlenecks
  • Needs Enterprise Integration across functional levels
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The Business case for ICT Support

  • Real time and borderless communication
  • Multi—Parties Collaboration
  • Enhanced Accountability (e.g. through

improved audit trail)

  • Increased Efficiency & Productivity

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ICT Application Areas

  • Enterprise Application Integration
  • Business Process Engineering (BPR)
  • Business Process Re-Engineering (BPRe)
  • Disaster Management (e.g. Hurricane Katrina

2005 - GIS)

  • Problem: Full task automation is

hampered by interoperability problems

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Example ICT Application Areas

  • E-Business
  • Document Management
  • Enterprise Information Portals
  • Workflow Systems (e.g – email-based

workflow and task synchronization)

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Technologies, Architectures & Framework

  • WWW & Web Portals
  • Peer – to – Peer computing
  • Wireless communication
  • Agents & Multi-Agent Systems (MAS)

Technology

  • Radio Frequency Identification Device (RFID)
  • Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA)
  • A Hybrid Application of Technology &

Techniques Essential.

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Example Applications

  • SMILE-SMC – an eMail-Based

Enterprise Integration

  • Designing for Sustainability, and

Infrastructure Security

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Email-based Construction Business Process Automation – a SMILE-SMC Solution (EIE)

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An EIE Solution

  • EIE focus on a shift from paper-based to

electronic mode of communication in order to minimize duplication of certain tasks such as data entry and improve collaborative working

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Enterprise Collaboration – the future

  • f Construction Business
  • A strategic long term goal for many construction
  • rganizations
  • Demonstrated by the investments in IT

communication tools such as email

  • Integration of functions across different

departments

– E.g. Component & Material Specification (Design dept)

  • Order Placing (Purchasing Dept) – Order Processing,

Manufacture & Delivery (manufacturer) – Site Installation (site Engineers)

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Why Email-Based Process Automation?

  • Current state – Predominantly paper based

(faxes, telephone and postal communication).

– Results in delays and repeat data entries with associated errors

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Key Objectives of Developing EIE Solution

  • To understand the flow of information and how

different functions communicate, when & why

  • Improve the flow of information
  • Remove (at least reduce) bottlenecks that impede

construction business processes such as Product specification, order placing, procurement, manufacture & delivery)

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Target Objectives & Improvements from an EIE Solution

  • Increase productivity
  • Lower transaction costs (within the
  • rganization and between organizations)
  • Improve customer - partner relationships
  • Reduce the duplication of efforts such as

repeat data entry between different function units in an organization (also reduces human errors)

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Target Objectives & Improvements from an EIE Solution

  • Ability to publish & push data and

information with improved access by employees

  • Improve communication within your
  • rganization
  • Enhance Client and Supplier relationship in

the supply chain

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Required Infrastructure & Tools

  • Driving Technology for EIE Solution

– ebXML – Compliant Email System (e.g. ebMail developed at HKU and is available free) – Normal internet/extranet facilities – XML - construction business process plug ins (e.g. daily report, purchase order, RFI, etc)

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Example Designer Specification & Purchase Order/Deliver

  • Current state – Predominantly paper based

(faxes, telephone and postal communication).

– Results in delays and repeat data entries with associated errors

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Web interface on the customer’s side for composing PO

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Importing PO information from database into ebMail for sending to supplier

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Importing PO information from database into ebMail for sending to supplier

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Exporting PO information into supplier’s database for further processing

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Back-end processing of PO through web-interface on the supplier’s side

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Summary – EIE Solution

  • Flexibility – Web interface can be

customized on both the customer and supplier side in order to suit various needs.

  • Automation – PO is filled in just by one

click

  • Possibility of expansion – Can be expanded

for other ebMail plug-ins, such as daily report, RFI, etc.

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Sustainable Design Appraisal & Security Vulnerability Analysis

  • A Service-Based Solution/Framework
  • Design & Construction: Evaluate Sustainability
  • Four-Level Indicators Development
  • Perform environmental balanced scorecard

analysis

  • System Level Services:
  • Design alternative configuration

– Compute Sustainability Index – Generate Report

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KnowMSAIP Prototype

  • Classification of Sustainability Design Indicators – Discussed in

Ugwu et al 2003 – CITC-II 2nd International Conference – HK

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KnowMSAIP Prototype

  • Project input interface window
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KnowMSAIP Prototype

  • Project input interface window Interface showing integrated

data and information services delivery in design option creation

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KnowMSAIP Prototype

  • Interface for viewing, constructing, and

deconstructing sustainability indicators

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KnowMSAIP Prototype

  • Sample Output – for Demonstration Only

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KnowMSAIP Prototype

  • Critical Infrastructure Security & Vulnerability Analysis
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KnowMSAIP Prototype

  • Critical Infrastructure Security & Vulnerability Analysis

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KnowMSAIP Prototype

  • Critical Infrastructure Security & Vulnerability Analysis
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Conclusions & Recommendation

  • Demonstrable benefits of ICT in construction

– Real Time Communication – Multi-party collaborative working – Increased efficiency ad productivity

  • ICT Application Areas include;

– E-Business – Enterprise Integration (inter- and intra-organization levels) – Workflow synchronization – Sustainable Design & Infrastructure Security

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Conclusions & Recommendation

  • Supporting Technologies & Frameworks

– WWW infrastructure (including email systems) – Enterprise Information Portals – Peer-to-Peer Computing, Agents & MAS – XML (ebXML & aecXML) for product & process Standardization – Service Oriented Architectures (SOA)

  • Research & Development;

– Research would make significant contributions to addressing the gap between sate-of-the-art theory/technology and practice