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Development, status and trend of EU vehicle type approval system - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Development, status and trend of EU vehicle type approval system and related regulations CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd Development, status and trend of EU vehicle type approval system and related regulations 1. Highlights

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SLIDE 1

Development, status and trend of EU vehicle type approval system and related regulations

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

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SLIDE 2

Development, status and trend of EU vehicle type approval system and related regulations

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

  • 1. Highlights driving the type approval

process in EU as of today

  • 2. Changes in EU legislation linked to type

approval

  • 3. Focus on gaseous emissions (Delphi

presentation)

  • 4. EU Outlook – future legislation
  • 5. Regulations and standards outside the

type approval system but influencing automotive industry

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SLIDE 3

Development, status and trend of EU vehicle type approval system and related regulations

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

  • 1. Highlights driving the type approval

process in EU as of today

  • 2. Changes in EU legislation linked to type

approval

  • 3. Focus on gaseous emissions (Delphi

presentation)

  • 4. EU Outlook – future legislation
  • 5. Regulations and standards outside the

type approval system but influencing automotive industry

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SLIDE 4
  • 1. Highlights driving the type approval process

in EU as of today

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

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SLIDE 5
  • 1. Highlights driving the type approval process

in EU as of today

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

Source: IOT Institute; Brian Buntz

Autonomous Driving

Wireless transmission Electrical Energies

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SLIDE 6
  • 1. Highlights driving the type approval process

in EU as of today

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

Source: BBC

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SLIDE 7

Development, status and trend of EU vehicle type approval system and related regulations

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

  • 1. Highlights driving the type approval

process in EU as of today

  • 2. Changes in EU legislation linked to type

approval

  • 3. Focus on gaseous emissions (Delphi

presentation)

  • 4. EU Outlook – future legislation
  • 5. Regulations and standards outside the

type approval system but influencing automotive industry

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SLIDE 8
  • 2. Changes in EU legislation

linked to type approval

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

The changes presented in the following slides go back to recent months. Furthermore, the slides will not reflect all changes but list the most important ones only. The presentation is limited to category M and N vehicles.

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SLIDE 9
  • 2. Changes in EU legislation

linked to type approval

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

Framework directive 2007/46/EC :

The framework directive was reviewed several times per year from its creation in 2007 until 2015. The latest modification was (EU) 2015/758 of 29 April 2015. With this amendment the e Call System has been introduced. Technical requirements were presented later on (see next slides). Since this amendment no new amendments to the framework directive entered into force.

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SLIDE 10
  • 2. Changes in EU legislation

linked to type approval

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

(EU) No 510/2011 amended by (EU) No. 2017/748

  • f 14 December 2016

entered into force: 19 May 2017 setting emission performance standards for new light commercial vehicles as part of the Union's integrated approach to reduce CO2 emissions from light-duty vehicles. SPECIFIC CO2 EMISSIONS TARGETS From 2018: Specific emission of CO2 = 175 + a × (M – M0) Where: M = mass of the vehicle in kilograms (kg) M0 = 1 766,4 a = 0,093.

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SLIDE 11
  • 2. Changes in EU legislation

linked to type approval

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

(EU) 2017/79 – new publication

  • f 12 September 2016

entered into force: 6 February 2017 setting technical standards for 112-based e Call system. ANNEX I Technical requirements and procedures for testing the resistance of eCall in-vehicle systems to severe crashes (high-severity deceleration test) ANNEX II Full-scale impact test assessment ANNEX III Crash resistance of audio equipment

Mandatory for new types: 31 March 2018

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SLIDE 12
  • 2. Changes in EU legislation

linked to type approval

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

(EU) 2017/79 – new publication

ANNEX IV Co-existence of third party services (TPS) with the 112-based eCall in-vehicle systems ANNEX V Automatic triggering mechanism ANNEX VI Technical requirements for compatibility of eCall in-vehicle systems with the positioning services provided by the Galileo and the EGNOS Systems ANNEX VII In-vehicle system self-test ANNEX VIII Technical requirements and test procedures related to privacy and data Protection ANNEX IX Classes of vehicles referred to in Article 2

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SLIDE 13
  • 2. Changes in EU legislation

linked to type approval

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

(EU) 2017/78 – new publication

  • f 15 July 2016

entered into force: 6 February 2017 Defining administrative provisions for the EC type-approval of motor vehicles with respect to their 112-based eCall in-vehicle systems . ANNEX I Administrative documents for EC type-approval of motor vehicles with regard to the installation of 112-based eCall in-vehicle systems ANNEX II Administrative documents for EC type-approval of 112-based eCall in-vehicle STU or 112-based eCall in-vehicle system component

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SLIDE 14
  • 2. Changes in EU legislation

linked to type approval

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

Changes on ECE level during same period. Lighting

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SLIDE 15
  • 2. Changes in EU legislation

linked to type approval

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

Changes on ECE level during same period. Mostly Lighting

Noise emissions:

  • Definitions
  • Limits
  • Additional sound

emission provisions ASEP

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SLIDE 16
  • 2. Changes in EU legislation

linked to type approval

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

Changes on ECE level during same period. Mostly Lighting

Pneumatical Tyres:

  • Categories
  • Marking
  • Details for load,

speed tests

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SLIDE 17
  • 2. Changes in EU legislation

linked to type approval

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

Changes on ECE level during same period.

Various subjects:

  • Gaseous emissions (see next

slides)

  • Tire marking
  • ECRS Enhanced Child Restraint

System

  • Seating for busses
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SLIDE 18
  • 2. Changes in EU legislation

linked to type approval

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

Changes on ECE level during same period.

Various subjects:

  • ISOFIX fixations
  • Fuel consumption and gaseous

emissions (see next slides)

  • …
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SLIDE 19
  • 2. Changes in EU legislation

linked to type approval

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

Changes on ECE level during same period.

Various subjects:

  • Gaseous emissions (see next

slides)

  • Lighting
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SLIDE 20
  • 2. Changes in EU legislation

linked to type approval

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd Following the Dieselgate / Emission scandal, the European Comission published a Guideline that shall be applied by all technical services / approval authorities , in order to clarify Emission strategies and application of defeat devices.

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SLIDE 21

Development, status and trend of EU vehicle type approval system and related regulations

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

  • 1. Highlights driving the type approval

process in EU as of today

  • 2. Changes in EU legislation linked to type

approval

  • 3. Focus on gaseous emissions (Delphi

Luxembourg presentation)

  • 4. EU Outlook – future legislation
  • 5. Regulations and standards outside the

type approval system but influencing automotive industry

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SLIDE 22

Future Light-Duty European Emissions Regulations

  • New test procedure WLTP
  • CO2 with WLTP
  • Pollutants with RDE &

WLTP

Advanced Injection & Combustion Center Luxembourg, 10th August 2017

Disclaimer: The information below reflects Delphi’s knowledge at the present time regarding the future CO2 and pollutants regulations. Information that have not been formally voted may therefore change at the vote.

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SLIDE 23

New test procedure WLTP

The new WLTC cycle will replace NEDC from

  • Sept. 2017 for new types and from Sept. 2018

for all new vehicles (fast transient, high acceleration and increased averaged and max speed)

23

Former NEDC Vehicle Test Cycle

  • NEDC: New European Driving Cycle
  • WLTC: World Harmonized Light duty Test Cycle

(New)

  • WLTP: World Harmonized Light duty Test

Procedure

20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Speed (km/h) Time (s)

WLTC Class 3b

Low 3 Medium 3-2 High 3-2 Extra High 3 High 3-2 589 433 455 323 1800

1) BS: Beginning of Sampling at engine start 2) ES: End of Sampling

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SLIDE 24

EU-WLTP rule making process

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GTR.1 5 EU-WLTP Act.1

[…] COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) …/...

New regulation (EU) 2017/1151 to replace 692/2008 EU-WLTP forms annex XXI EU add some regional items:

  • Ambient Temperature Correction Test (14°C)
  • Utility Factors for PHEV
  • Normalisation

Voted @ TCMV on 14 June 2016 and 20 Dec 2016 OJEU 7 July 2017 Applicable from Sept 2017

WLTP Phase 1B

Next step under discussion until Dec 2017 EU-WLTP Act.2 will include

  • Correction of test flexibilities
  • Transparency of data
  • EVAP (WLTP)
  • Provisions on the SCR/Urea tank inducement strategy
  • Adapt WLTP Act.1 to latest version of GTR.15

GRPE adopted in Jan 2016 WP.29 adopted in Nov 2016

WLTP Phase 2

  • Disc. started in Jan 2016

European Commission

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SLIDE 25

CO2 regulation

Content

  • CO2 EU Roadmap
  • CO2 target until 2020
  • CO2 target after 2021
  • Derogation from CO2 target
  • OEM performance in 2015
  • Technology shares
  • Glossary
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SLIDE 26

CO2 EU Roadmap

  • EU-WLTP will be introduced in Sept 2017, but CO2 OEM fleet target is still NEDC based until 2021
  • As a result: from 2017 to 2020 there will be a mix of NEDC and WLTP CO2 measurements
  • During transition period: correlation tool CO2MPAS is used to convert WLTP measurements into NEDC values

for fleet target compliance

  • WLTC CO2 emissions will be monitored for all new vehicles from 1 Jan 2018

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(1)@ 23°C and Ambient Temperature Correction Test (ATCT): WLTC/P @ 14°C to determine Family Correction Factor 14/23°C (2)WLTP @ 23°C correlated to NEDC using CO2MPAS (3)target adapted to 14°C

<50g/km

Test Cycle New Types NEDC Test Cycle New Vehicles Percentage of fleet Super-credits weighting factor Excess emissions annual premium 95 €/g CO2/km 5€ 1st g; 15€ 2nd g; 25€ 3rd g; 95€/g onward 2 1.67 1.33 1 1 95% EU Community target WLTC to NEDC conversion tool CO2MPAS Passenger Cars (M Vehicles) Sep-17 Sep-18 Fuel Economy/CO2 Emission 100% 95 g CO2/km based on NEDC (2) OEM specific g CO2/km based on WLTP (3) 100% 100% 2023 NEDC WLTC/P (1) WLTC/P (1) 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 130 g CO2/km based on NEDC (2) 100% 100% 100%

  • Cycles implementation dates shown above are for PC M1 and LCV N1

CL1. For LCV N1 CL2,3 cycles implementation dates are delayed by one year.

  • EU Community targets shown above are for PC (M1).

For LCV (<2610 kg), community targets are 175 and 147g CO2/km.

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SLIDE 27

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 CO2 averaged emissions (g/km) Averaged Weight (kg) LCV 2014-2017 LCV 2018 LCV 2020 Estimated

CO2 fleet targets based on NEDC until 2020

27 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 CO2 averaged emissions (g/km) Averaged Weight (kg) PC 2012-2015 PC 2016 PC 2020 Estimated

Vehicle type Years a Target M0 g/km / kg g/km kg Passenger Cars (M1 vehicles) 2012- 2015 0.0457 130 1372 2016 0.0457 130 1392.4 2020 0.0333 95 TBD Light Commercial Vehicles (< 2610 kg) 2014- 2017 0.093 175 1706 2018 0.093 175 1766.4 2020 0.096 147 TBD

Each OEM’s fleet averaged mass M is computed every year on all registered vehicles in EU. From the formula below the OEM gets its fleet average target for CO2 emission. CO2 emission limit varies as a function of vehicle mass: CO2 = Target + a x (M – M0)

Passenger Cars Light Commercial Vehicles

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SLIDE 28

CO2 fleet targets based on WLTP after 2021

  • Starting 2021 OEM individual WLTP reference target will be

set based on

▪ its own NEDC target fulfilment in 2020 and ▪ its WLTC performance in 2020

  • The OEM specific emission target is then corrected by its

average vehicle mass:

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        

2 _ 2020 arg 2020 2 _ 2020 arg .

*

CO et t CO et t ref

NEDC NEDC WLTP WLTP

(2) (1)

(1) @ 23°C and Ambient Temperature Correction Test (ATCT): WLTC/P @ 14°C to determine conversion factor 14/23°C (2) target adapted to 14°C Mᶲ: averaged mass M0: reference mass (slide 4) Mᶲ2020: averaged mass in 2020 M0,2020: reference mass for 2020 (slide 4) a: coefficient (slide 4)

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SLIDE 29

Derogation from CO2 emissions target

  • Small-volume manufacturer can ask for a derogation if less than 10,000 new PC are registered in

the EU.

  • Other derogations are possible (up to 300,000 PC/year) based on CO2 reduction target

compared to its specific averaged CO2 emission of 2007:

▪

  • 25% CO2 reduction until 2019

▪

  • 45% CO2 reduction from 2020
  • Derogation stops on the 1 January following the year when the condition is not met anymore.
  • Example of derogation for Bentley:
  • Bentley results for 2015:

Bentley has a derogation for small volume manufacturer since 2015, Prior to that it was part of the VW pool

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SLIDE 30

Derogation from CO2 emissions target

  • SYMC had a derogation to 180g CO2/km in 2015, data are not yet available for 2016.
  • But it exceeded the 10,000 PC limit in 2015 => Its « small volume manufacturer derogation » will

probably stop for 2016.

  • Without derogation, the SYMC specific target would have been 145g CO2/km for 2015 (based on

1705kg)

Particular case of SYMC

2015 2014 2013

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SLIDE 31

Averaged CO2 emissions of key EU-PC OEM in 2015

  • 9 OEM that account for 85% of European market in 2015
  • All 9 OEM are below their CO2 target
  • Super credit accounts for less than 1g CO2/km

31

Source: ICCT

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SLIDE 32

Fuel and technology shares of key EU-PC OEM in 2015

  • PSA and Toyota are half way between their 2015 and 2020 targets
  • Toyota leads HEV market followed by Daimler
  • Renault-Nissan and BMW lead BEV market
  • VW and Daimler are moving ahead in PHEV
  • Fiat and GM are leaders in natural gas vehicles

32

Source: ICCT

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SLIDE 33

Glossary – CO2 regulation

  • ATCT: Ambient Temperature Correction Test
  • BEV: Battery Electric Vehicle
  • FR/AT/NV: First Registration / All Type / New Vehicles
  • GRPE: Working Party on Pollution and Energy (UNECE)
  • LCV: Light Commercial Vehicle
  • NEDC: New European Driving Cycle
  • OJEU: Official Journal of European Union
  • P/HEV: Plug-in / Hybrid Electric Vehicle
  • TA/NT: Type Approval / New Type
  • TAA: Type Approval Authority
  • TCMV: Technical Committee Motor Vehicle
  • UNECE: United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
  • WLTC: World Harmonized Light duty Test Cycle
  • WLTP: World Harmonized Light duty Test Procedure
  • WP.29: World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (UNECE)

33

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SLIDE 34

Pollutants regulation

Content

  • Euro 6 emissions limits
  • Euro 6 emissions roadmap
  • RDE Not To Exceed
  • RDE Roadmap New Type
  • RDE Roadmap All vehicles
  • RDE Trip validation
  • RDE Ambient boundary

conditions

  • RDE Dynamic boundary

conditions

  • RDE Pack 3 Adopted
  • RDE Pack 4 Ongoing
  • Glossary
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SLIDE 35

Euro 6 emissions limits

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Pollutants THC NMHC NOx HC+NOx CO PM PN mg/km Nb/km Positive ignition engine (Gasoline) PC M, LCV N1 CL 1 100 68 60 1000 4.5 6x1011 LCV N1 CL 2 130 90 75 1810 4.5 6x1011 LCV N1 CL3, N2 160 108 82 2270 4.5 6x1011 Compression ignition engine (Diesel) PC M, LCV N1 CL 1 80 170 500 4.5 6x1011 LCV N1 CL 2 105 195 630 4.5 6x1011 LCV N1 CL3, N2 125 215 740 4.5 6x1011

slide-36
SLIDE 36

Euro 6 emissions roadmap

  • Euro 6c = Euro 6b + final PN standard for PI vehicles + OBD Euro 6-2 + use of E10 and B7

reference fuel, assessed on regulatory lab test cycle + RDE PN (NTE emission limits applied) + RDE NOx monitoring only

  • Euro 6d-Temp = Euro 6b + final PN standard for PI vehicles + OBD Euro 6-2 + use of E10 and

B7 reference fuel, assessed on regulatory lab test cycle + RDE testing against temporary Conformity Factors.

  • Euro 6d = Euro 6b + final PN standard for PI vehicles + OBD Euro 6-2 + use of E10 and B7

reference fuel, assessed on regulatory lab test cycle + RDE testing against final Conformity Factors = 1 (+0.5 revisable margin to account for PEMS technology achievement and measurement dispersion).

36

Limits

Euro6b

Test Cycle

NEDC

Limits Test Cycle Limits

Euro6

Test Cycle

NEDC

Limits Test Cycle

M, N1 CL1 Vehicle 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Sep-17 Sep-18 Sep-19 Jan-20 Jan-21 Tailpipe Emission

New Types

Euro6d-TEMP Euro6d WLTC + RDE

New Vehicles

Euro6d-TEMP Euro6d Euro6b Euro6c WLTC + RDE for PN WLTC + RDE

On-Board Diagnostics

New Types

Euro6-2 NEDC or WLTC (OEM choice) WLTC (Phase-in tbc)

New Vehicles

Euro6 Euro6-2 NEDC NEDC or WLTC (OEM choice) WLTC (Phase-in tbc) NEDC

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SLIDE 37

RDE Not To Exceed limits

  • NTE to be fulfilled for the urban part and the whole RDE trip

▪ NTEpollutant=Cfpollutant x Euro-6

  • Conformity Factors

▪ For NOx: 2 steps ▪ for PN: 1 step only, Sept 2017/2018 (NT/NV)

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Euro 6d-Temp (1st step) Euro 6d (2nd step) Engine type Gasoline Diesel Gasoline Diesel NOx CF 2.1 1.0 + 0.5* NTE (mg/km) 126 168 60 + 30* 80 + 40* PN CF 1.0 + 0.5* 1.0 + 0.5* NTE (#/km) (6 + 3*) x 1011 (6 + 3*) x 1011

* Clause to revise annually the margin (0.5) according to improved quality of PEMS procedure or technical progress.

RDE forms annex IIIA of Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151

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SLIDE 38

RDE Roadmap New Types (M, N1 CL1)

38

Sept 2017 Sept 2018 Sept. 2019

Euro 6d WLTP + RDE Step2 RDE package 1

  • Test procedure
  • Normalization tool
  • Boundary Conditions

Regulation (EU) 2016/427 of 10 / 03 / 2016

Sept. 2022 April 2016

RDE Package 4

  • In-Service-Conformity
  • P/HEV test procedure
  • Data evaluation methods

TCMV 12/2017

Jan. 2020 Jan. 2021

RDE Package 3

  • Conformity factors for PN
  • Cold start procedure
  • Regeneration

Adoption in TCMV 12/2016

Boundary Conditions: Temperature and Altitude

Euro 6b NEDC + RDE MONITORING RDE Package 2

  • Conformity Factors

for NOx

  • Additional Boundary

Conditions Regulation (EU) 2016/646 of 20 / 04 / 2016

NOx Conformity Factors PN Conformity Factor Cold Start Procedure

T = 0 to 30°C; Hmax= 700m T = -7 to 0; 30 to 35°C; H = 700 to 1300m Moderate BC : T = +3 to 30°C ; Hmax = 700m

  • Ext. BC : T = -2 to +3; 30 to 35 °C; H = 700 to

1300m Euro 6d-TEMP WLTP + RDE Step1 (if not type approved <9/2017)

planned adopted

CF NOx: 2.1 +60% ext. BC CF NOx: 1 + 0.5 +60% ext. BC CF PN : 1.0 + 0.5 +60% ext. BC Taking in account Cold Start Averaging emissions from engine start into urban RDE section Euro 6d-TEMP- EVAP WLTP

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SLIDE 39

RDE Roadmap All New Vehicles (M, N1 CL1)

planned adopted

Euro 6d WLTP + RDE Step2

Boundary Conditions: Temperature and Altitude

Euro 6b NEDC

NOx Conformity Factors PN Conformity Factor Cold Start Procedure

T = 0 to 30°C; Hmax= 700m T = -7 to 0; 30 to 35°C; H = 700 to 1300m Moderate BC : T = +3 to 30°C ; Hmax = 700m Extended BC : T = -2 to +3; 30 to 35 °C; H = 700 to 1300m Euro 6d-TEMP- EVAP WLTP + RDE Step1 Euro 6c WLTP + RDE PN

Sept. 2020

RDE Package 4

  • In-Service-Conformity
  • P/HEV test procedure
  • Data evaluation methods

TCMV 12/2017 RDE Package 3

  • Conformity factors for PN
  • Cold start procedure
  • Regeneration

Adoption in TCMV 12/2016

April 2016 Sept 2017 Sept 2018 Sept. 2019 Sept. 2022 Jan. 2020 Jan. 2021

RDE package 1

  • Test procedure
  • Normalization tool
  • Boundary Conditions

Regulation (EU) 2016/427 of 10 / 03 / 2016 RDE Package 2

  • Conformity Factors

for NOx

  • Additional Boundary

Conditions Regulation (EU) 2016/646 of 20 / 04 / 2016 Taking in account Cold Start Averaging emissions from engine start into urban RDE section CF PN : 1.0 + 0.5 +60% ext. BC CF NOx: 2.1 +60% ext. BC CF NOx: 1 + 0.5 +60% ext. BC NOx: Monitoring

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SLIDE 40

RDE Trip Validation

  • The RDE trip is designed on street maps. After driving is completed, the following trip

verifications are carried out.

▪ Ambient boundary conditions shall be respected (slide 9). ▪ Trip requirements in term of distance shares, speeds, altitudes as defined in table below shall be met. ▪ Overall driving dynamics shall be within limits (slide 10).

40

Trip requirements for a valid RDE test

Driving portion Urban Rural Motorway Speed ≤ 60km/h 60 < Speed ≤ 90km/h 1) 90km/h 1) < Speed Minimum distance 16km 16km 16km Distance share 29 - 44% 23 -43% 23 -43% Total trip duration 90 - 120 minutes Average speed including stops 15 < Avg < 40km/h 3)

  • Total stop time 4) (v <

1km/h) 6 - 30% Urban time

  • Individual stop time 5)

≤ 300sec

  • v > 100km/h 1) 2)
  • ≥ 5min

v > 145km/h

  • < 3% Motorway time

Cumulative positive elevation gain < 1200m / 100km Start/end test elevation difference ≤ 100m 1) 80km/h for N2 vehicle with 90km/h speed limiting device; 2) 90km/h for M2 vehicle with speed limiting device at 100km/h; 3) Applies also to cold start period; 4) Urban operation shall include several stop periods of 10s or longer; 5) if more than 180s, emissions during the following 180s shall be excluded from evaluation

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SLIDE 41

RDE Ambient boundary conditions

  • The ambient conditions become extended when at least one of the temperature and

altitude conditions is extended.

  • If during a particular time interval the ambient conditions are extended, the corrective

factor shall be applied to the emissions during this particular time interval before being evaluated.

  • If the last 3 hours of conditioning were done in extended averaged temperature

conditions, then the corrective factor of 1/1.6 is always applied to emissions during cold start period. The corrective factor applies to pollutant emissions but not to CO2.

41

Ambient condition Moderate Extended Emissions corrective factor 1 1/1.6 Temperature 0 ≤ T ≤ 30°C

  • 7 ≤ T < 0°C; 30 < T ≤ 35°C

Derogation till Sep 2019 (---) 3 ≤ T ≤ 30°C

  • 2 ≤ T < 3°C; 30 < T ≤ 35°C

Altitude ≤ 700m 700 < Alt ≤ 1300m

Extended Moderate

  • 7
  • 2

0 3 Temperature °C 30 35

Altitude 1300m 700m

slide-42
SLIDE 42

RDE Dynamic boundary conditions

  • Overall driving dynamics shall be within limits defined in table below, to

check against :

▪ excessive driving dynamics using the v.a+ (velocity times positive acceleration) distribution over each portion of the trip (urban, rural and motorway as defined by the trip requirements). ▪ Insufficient driving dynamics using the RPA (Relative Positive Acceleration) computed over each portion of the trip (urban, rural and motorway).

42

Trip dynamics requirements computed for each Urban / Rural / Motorway driving portion

No Excess v ≤ 74.6km/h v > 74.6km/h 95th percentile (v.a+) max (v.a+) = 0.136 . v + 14.44 max (v.a+) = 0.0742 . v + 18.966 Sufficiency v ≤ 94.05km/h v > 94.05km/h Relative Positive Acceleration min (RPA) = -0.0016 . v + 0.1755 min (RPA) = 0.025

slide-43
SLIDE 43

RDE Pack3 Adopted

  • PN: Introduction Sept 2017 for TA / 2018 for FR

▪ CF: 1 + 0.5 (0.5: meas. margin subject to annual review)

  • Cold Start (first 5min or Temp<70°C)

▪ Fully incl. in RDE (urban and total), hot starts included also ▪ Vehicle take-off within 15sec after engine start ▪ Max total stop time at 90s, max speed limited at 60km/h ▪ Pre-conditioning defined (driven for more than 30min, then soak between 6 and 56 hours) ▪ No weighting vs. CO2 during data evaluation

  • Vehicles fitted with regeneration aftertreatment systems

▪ All RDE results are to be corrected by Ki factors or offsets developed in WLTP (PEMS * Ki < NTE to pass). ▪ If PEMS with regen. > NTE (without Ki), finish regeneration and retest once. ▪ 2nd test is considered valid even if regeneration occurs.

43

Voted @ TCMV on 20 Dec 2016 OJEU on 7 July 2017 Applicable from Sept 2017

RDE pack3 is Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1154

slide-44
SLIDE 44

RDE Pack3 Adopted

  • HEV Vehicles

▪ Test as ICE  will be reviewed in 4th package

  • AES/Defeat devices (see next slide)

▪ AES documentation package to be provided by OEM to TAA ▪ Confidential ▪ Kept by TAA for min 10 years

  • Small Volume Manufacturers

▪ By less than 10.000 units worldwide production will get extra time to fully meet the NTE limits. ▪ By less than 1.000 units registered in EU are exempted from the provisions of the RDE procedure.

44

Voted @ TCMV on 20 Dec 2016 OJEU on 7 July 2017 Applicable from Sept 2017

RDE pack3 is Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1154

slide-45
SLIDE 45

RDE Pack3 Adopted

Auxilliary Emissions Strategies (AES) / Defeat devices

a) OEM are required to declare the vehicle’s base emission strategies (BES) and any AES during Type Approval. b) AES are modified emission strategies to assist engine start-up or to protect the engine from damage. c) Some AES are considered as non-acceptable and constitute a Defeat Device.

  • European Commission has issued a Guidance document on the evaluation of AES and the presence of Defeat

Devices

45

b) Exceptions are defined in Article 5(2) of Reg. (EC) 715/2007 a) RDE Pack3 defines documentation package on all AES c) The concept of defeat devices is defined in Article 3(10) of Regulation (EC) 715/2007

slide-46
SLIDE 46

RDE Pack4 Ongoing

  • RDE evaluation methods (EMROAD, CLEAR..)

▪ One single evaluation method will be chosen ▪ Independent consultant to report by July 2017 ▪ Several methods under consideration including P/HEV

  • CF

▪ 0.5 margin for NOx (too early for PN) to be reviewed in July 2017 (not applicable before 2020) ▪ Committed CF value (smaller or equal to reg.) to be declared in CoC ▪ Likely to serve as baseline for ISC

  • In-Service Conformity

▪ New statistical procedure for RDE reduced to 10 veh max before pass/fail decision, still in discussion

  • LCV

▪ New limits for dynamic boundary conditions (v.a+) under discussion

46

RDE4 draft text to be finalized by Nov 2017 Possible vote at TCMV in Q1 2018 Will NOT be applicable for 1 Sept 2017 TA Could be applied in 2018 for TA

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SLIDE 47

Glossary – Pollutants regulation

  • BES/AES: Based/Auxiliary Emission Strategies
  • CF: Conformity factor
  • FR/AT/NV: First Registration / All Type / New Vehicles
  • LCV: Light Commercial Vehicle
  • NTE: Not To Exceed
  • NEDC: New European Driving Cycle
  • OJEU: Official Journal of European Union
  • P/HEV: Plug-in / Hybrid Electric Vehicle
  • PM: Particulate Matter
  • PN: Particulate Number
  • RDE: Real Driving Emission
  • TA/NT: Type Approval / New Type
  • TAA: Type Approval Authority
  • TCMV: Technical Committee Motor Vehicle
  • WLTC: World Harmonized Light duty Test Cycle
  • WLTP: World Harmonized Light duty Test Procedure

47

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SLIDE 48
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SLIDE 49

Development, status and trend of EU vehicle type approval system and related regulations

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

  • 1. Highlights driving the type approval

process in EU as of today

  • 2. Changes in EU legislation linked to type

approval

  • 3. Focus on gaseous emissions (Delphi

Luxembourg presentation)

  • 4. EU Outlook – future legislation
  • 5. Regulations and standards outside the

type approval system but influencing automotive industry

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SLIDE 50
  • 4. EU Outlook – future legislation

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

Main changes in EU legislation will be the gaseous emission / CO2 requirements as shown in the Delphi presentation above. Tire rolling resistance will be emphasized within WVTA as from November 2017. E Call System will be mandatory for new types as from 31 March 2018.

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SLIDE 51
  • 4. EU Outlook – future legislation

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

BUT, THE MOST IMPORTANT IS STILL TO BE PUBLISHED: The framework directive 2007/46/EC shall be amended. In view of the recent diesel scandals this directive will have several objectives around Revision of TA system:

  • 1. Reinforcing the independance and quality of type

approval testing (ex ante compliance verification)

  • 2. Effective market surveillance (ex post compliance

verfication)

  • 3. More EU governance

Text in “black”: source EU Comission

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SLIDE 52
  • 4. EU Outlook – future legislation

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

Revision of TA system Independence and quality of TA testing

  • Financial independence
  • Independent financing of technical services, type-approval and

market surveillance activities (Art 30+86)

  • Stricter rules and peer review for designation of

technical services:

  • Common assessment of technical services+ possibility to refuse

the designation of a national technical service (Art 71-86)

  • Transparency/reporting:
  • More transparency in type-approval data (Art 9)
  • Review and reporting obligations on type-approval activities (Art 6)

Text in “black”: source EU Comission

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SLIDE 53
  • 4. EU Outlook – future legislation

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

Revision of TA system

Market surveillance:

  • Based on Regulation 765/2008 framework
  • Interactions between type-approval authorities and

market surveillance authorities (Art 49-52)

  • Traceability and clarification of the responsibilities of

the different economic actors(manufacturers, importers, distributors, etc). (Art 11-19)

  • EU safeguard clause/recalls for dangerous products

(Art 49-52) and for non-compliance (Art 53- 59): Procedure for an harmonized decision at EU level

Text in “black”: source EU Comission

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SLIDE 54
  • 4. EU Outlook – future legislation

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

Revision of TA system

More EU governance: :

  • Possibility for others to refuse to accept a non-compliant

product/approval (Art 53-54)

  • Possibility for the Commission to carry out market surveillance

activities (Art 9)

  • EU enforcement forum to discuss compliance problems (Art

10)

  • Procedure for a decision at EU level for EU wide recalls for

non-compliance issues (Art 53-59):

  • Sanctions (Art 90) foreseen at the EU level (up to 30000€)

Text in “black”: source EU Comission

slide-55
SLIDE 55
  • 4. EU Outlook – future legislation

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

slide-56
SLIDE 56
  • 4. EU Outlook – future legislation

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

slide-57
SLIDE 57

Development, status and trend of EU vehicle type approval system and related regulations

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

  • 1. Highlights driving the type approval

process in EU as of today

  • 2. Changes in EU legislation linked to type

approval

  • 3. Focus on gaseous emissions (Delphi

Luxembourg presentation)

  • 4. EU Outlook – future legislation
  • 5. Regulations and standards outside the

type approval system but influencing automotive industry

slide-58
SLIDE 58
  • 5. Regulations and standards outside the type approval

system but influencing automotive industry

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

The automotive industry selling products in the EU is not only concerned by Type approval. More and more standards appear and OEMs are concerned at first stage. Hereafter only a few examples.

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SLIDE 59
  • 5. Regulations and standards outside the type approval

system but influencing automotive industry

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

ICT – Information and Communication Technology Autonomous driving Wireless technology The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Functional safety ISO 26262 for complex systems/components. This Standard already applies for complex braking and steering systems.

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SLIDE 60

Current situation on automotive industry and related policies in EU market

CATARC-LUXCONTROL Technical Service Co., Ltd

Thank you very much for your attention Guy Lippert Luxcontrol s.a. lippert@luxcontrol.com