Dark Matter Freeze-in and LHC displaced signatures Alberto Mariotti - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Dark Matter Freeze-in and LHC displaced signatures Alberto Mariotti HEP@ Based on arXiv:1805.04423 with: Lorenzo Calibbi, Laura Lopez Honorez, Steven Lowette GGI workhop - Beyond Standard Model: Where do we go from here? 27 August 2018 Plan
GGI workhop - Beyond Standard Model: Where do we go from here?
27 August 2018
Based on arXiv:1805.04423 with: Lorenzo Calibbi, Laura Lopez Honorez, Steven Lowette
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) 27-08-2018
★Introduction on DM simplified models ★Recap on Weakly interactive massive particle (WIMP) ★Feebly Interacting Massive Particle (FIMP) ★Displaced Signatures at the LHC ★Interplay of FIMP displaced signatures and cosmology ★FIMP and Displaced signatures in a minimal model
Beyond the WIMP paradigm Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In
? Where do we go ?
Many fundamental questions still open …
H i e r a r c h y p r
l e m ? Force Unification ? Dark matter nature? B a r y
e n e s i s ? I n fl a t i
? Flavour hierarchies ?
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
? Where do we go ?
Many fundamental questions still open …
H i e r a r c h y p r
l e m ? Force Unification ? Dark matter nature? B a r y
e n e s i s ? I n fl a t i
? Flavour hierarchies ?
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
Typically inspired by the WIMP miracle Assume Dark Matter is a new elementary particle
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In
Useful framework for pheno studies
27-08-2018
Dark Matter abundance through freeze-out mechanism
✦Dark Matter annihilates into Standard Model Particles ✦Dark Matter abundance freeze-out during cooling of universe
!"# $"! $"# %"! %"# !$& !$' !$% !$! !( !& !'
10-4 10-6 10-8 10-10 10-12 10-14 10-16 1 10 100
[Bernal et al. 2017]
m/T
Y (= comoving number density)
Yeq
!!! Correct abundance for weakly interacting massive particle !!!
Typical weak coupling cross section Independent on initial conditions
Portal interaction
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
WIMP-like DM is prototype of DM simplified models
IceCube
Three-fold way
Fermi Satellite
Large Hadron Collider
e.g. Neutralino dark matter in SUSY Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
Limits on WIMP DM are improving continuosly
Recent limits from XENON1T
Very sensitive in 5-1000 GeV DM mass range Mediator Dark Matter
MonoJet signature
arXiv:1712.02345
New LHC results
Mediator search
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
But possibility for Dark Matter are much vaster
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
Dark Matter abundance through freeze-in mechanism
✦Dark matter not in thermal equilibrium with SM bath ✦Produced via decay or scattering of particles in thermal equilibrium
Hall, Jedamzik, March-Russell, West '09 Blennow, Fernandez-Martinez, Zaldivar '13 Bernal, Heikinheimo, Tenkanen, Tuominen, Vaskonen '17
Standard Model bath Dark Matter
Freeze-in through decay
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In
Bélanger, Cai, Desai, Goudelis, Harz, Lessa, J.No, Pukhov, Sekmen, Sengupta, Zaldivar, Zurita '18
27-08-2018
Co, D'Eramo, Hall, Pappadopulo '15
Γ
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
log10x log10Y
DM abundance
★Mother (mediator) A in thermal equilibrium ★Mediator A decays to Dark Matter and produce it
Particles in thermal equilibrium Dark Matter
Width (lifetime) of the mediator A determines the DM abundance
1706.07442
y ⌧ 1
Tiny coupling Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
✦What is typical value of portal coupling? ✦Can we probe FIMP DM experimentally?
FIMP Dark Matter abundance
ΓA ∼ y2 8π mA
★Suppressed signal in direct detection ★Suppressed signal in indirect detection
Can LHC probe FIMP?
Very small coupling !!!
Ωh2 ∼ 0.12 ✓ ΓA 4 × 10−15 GeV ◆ ✓600 GeV mA ◆2 ⇣ mDM 10 keV ⌘
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
✦Can we probe FIMP DM at LHC? YES ! ✦Mediator has sizeable coupling with SM particles ✦Can be copiously produced at the LHC
cτA = 10−15 GeV ΓA ⇥ 19 cm . equivalently mediators, , with
To be in thermal equilibrium
Typical mediator decay length is macroscopic: EXOTIC SIGNALS @ LHC !!!
Long-lived
B
DM
B
DM
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
24 April 2017 eather Russell, McGill University
displaced leptons, lepton-jets, or lepton pairs displaced multitrack vertices multitrack vertices in the muon spectrometer quasi-stable charged particles trackless, low-EMF jets emerging jets non-pointing (converted) photons disappearing or kinked tracks
[Figure from Heather Russell]
S M i s m a i n l y p r
p t S i g n a t u r e s w i t h l
b a c k g r
n d
Challenging but powerful
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
Ωh2 ∼ 0.12 ✓5 cm cτA ◆ ✓600 GeV mA ◆2 ⇣ mχ 10 keV ⌘
Mediator accessible at the LHC Macroscopic decay visible at LHC Very light Dark Matter
10-6 10-5 10-4 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 mc@GeVD ct @meterD
Ω h
2
= . 1 2
Typical size for detector Standard Cosmology history Light Dark Matter regime
mA = 600 GeV
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
Ωh2 ∼ 0.12 ✓5 cm cτA ◆ ✓600 GeV mA ◆2 ⇣ mχ 10 keV ⌘
Mediator accessible at the LHC Macroscopic decay visible at LHC Very light Dark Matter
10-6 10-5 10-4 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 mc@GeVD ct @meterD
Ω h
2
= . 1 2
Typical size for detector Standard Cosmology history Light Dark Matter regime
Displaced dark matter at LHC WDM signatures
mA = 600 GeV
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
✴FIMP ✴SuperWIMP ✴Asymmetric DM ✴Pseudo-Dirac DM ✴Conversion driven FO (co-annihilation)
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
Feng, Rajaraman, Takayama '03 Chang, Luty '09
Can we classify DM models with long-lived signatures? Some explored cases ....
Davoli, De Simone, Jacques, Sanz '17 Garny, Heisig, Lülf, Vogl '17 Hall, Jedamzik, March-Russell, West '09 Co, D'Eramo, Hall, Pappadopulo '15
.........................
Hall, March-Russell , West '10 Schwaller, Stolarski, Weiler '15 Hessler, Ibarra, Molinaro, Vogl '16 Buchmueller, De Roeck, McCullough, Hahn, Sung, Schwaller, Yu '17 Stolarski '17 Ghosh, Mondal, Mukhopadhyaya '18 Davolia, De Simone, Jacquesa, Morandini '18 D’Eramo, Fernandez, Profumo '18 Garny, Heisig, Hufnagel, Lülf '18
Typically non thermal production
Kaplan, Luty, Zurek '09 Schwaller, Stolarski, Weiler '15
( u)2, 1
2 =
✓ +
u
◆ , ( d)2, − 1
2 =
✓ 0
d
− ◆ , ( s)1, 0
✦Minimal model with few extra fermionic states ✦Lagrangian coupling with the Higgs
− L ⊃ µ d · u + yd d · H s + yu H† u s + 1 2ms s s + h.c.
|yu|, |yd| ⌧ 1, |ms| ⌧ |µ|, eigenvalues at the first order in an Regime for Freeze-in
Similar to Higgsino-Bino, but with arbitrary couplings
Mahbubani, Senatore '05 Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM
Improve gauge coupling unification Feeble yukawa couplings S i n g l e t m u c h l i g h t e r
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
yu ≡ y sin ✓, yd ≡ y cos ✓.
( u)2, 1
2 =
✓ +
u
◆ , ( d)2, − 1
2 =
✓ 0
d
− ◆ , ( s)1, 0
✦Minimal model with few extra fermionic states ✦Lagrangian coupling with the Higgs
− L ⊃ µ d · u + yd d · H s + yu H† u s + 1 2ms s s + h.c.
✦Regime for Freeze-in:
Simple spectrum and decay modes
Similar to Higgsino-Bino with tiny mixing Radiative corrections
Mahbubani, Senatore '05 Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM
Dark matter Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
yu ≡ y sin ✓, yd ≡ y cos ✓.
Where is region of parameter space suitable for freeze-in ?
Yχ1 = 270MPl (1.66)8π3g3/2
∗
X
B=Z,h
Γ[χ3 ! Bχ1] m2
χ3
+ X
B=Z,h
Γ[χ2 ! Bχ1] m2
χ2
+ gψ Γ[ψ+ ! W +χ1] m2
ψ
! (1 Dark matter abundance Decay width of heavy doublet components into dark matter
Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
Where is region of parameter space suitable for freeze-in ?
Yχ1 = 270MPl (1.66)8π3g3/2
∗
X
B=Z,h
Γ[χ3 ! Bχ1] m2
χ3
+ X
B=Z,h
Γ[χ2 ! Bχ1] m2
χ2
+ gψ Γ[ψ+ ! W +χ1] m2
ψ
! (1 Dark matter abundance Decay width of heavy doublet components into dark matter
Typical coupling size for displacement Doublet mass scale accessible at the LHC
Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In Very light DM mass, cosmological constraints
One can impose the correct relic abundance and reduce the parameter space
Ωχ1h2 ' 0.11 ⇣ y 10−8 ⌘2 ⇣ mχ1 10 keV ⌘ ✓700 GeV µ ◆
27-08-2018
Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM
Fix Dark Matter abundance to correct value
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In
Ωχ1h2 ' 0.11 ⇣ y 10−8 ⌘2 ⇣ mχ1 10 keV ⌘ ✓700 GeV µ ◆
27-08-2018
Typical coupling size compatible with DM abundance
Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM
Fix Dark Matter abundance to correct value
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In
Ωχ1h2 ' 0.11 ⇣ y 10−8 ⌘2 ⇣ mχ1 10 keV ⌘ ✓700 GeV µ ◆
27-08-2018
Charged fermion decay
Disappearing track limit ~ 150 GeV
Decays mainly to pions and
Typical decay length is ~cm
Γ[ ± ! ⇡±2,3] = χ2,3
ATL-PHYS-PUB-2017-019 ... for pure Higgsino see e.g. Mahbubani, Schwaller, Zurita '17 Fukuda, Nagata, Otono, Shirai '17
Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM
Fix Dark Matter abundance to correct value
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In
Ωχ1h2 ' 0.11 ⇣ y 10−8 ⌘2 ⇣ mχ1 10 keV ⌘ ✓700 GeV µ ◆
27-08-2018
Neutral fermions decay
Decays to Z and h almost democratically Decay length ranges from 0.1 to 1000 cm
χ2,3 → h/Z + χ1
... for Higgsino-gravitino see Meade, Reece, Shih '10 Liu, Tweedie, '15
Displaced Z/h plus MET
Simple spectrum and decay modes
Similar to Higgsino-Bino with tiny mixing
Long-lived states
Displaced Z/h plus MET
Radiative corrections
Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM
Disappearing tracks
Dark matter mainly singlet
Doublet mass scale
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In
LHC displaced signatures -- Light dark matter cosmology
★Phenomenological probes:
27-08-2018
Production modes at the LHC
pp ! χ2χ3 + X, pp ! ψ+ψ− + X, pp ! χ2,3ψ± + X.
Doublets production modes p p χ2 χ3 h/Z h/Z χ1 j j j j χ1
Displacement in region of parameter space with correct relic abundance (from 1cm to 1Km)
Fixed Dark matter abundance Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM
Displaced Z/h+MET is main signature of the model !
Long-lived particles
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
✦Apply the efficiency grids ✦Follow object selection of
auxiliary materials
✦Validate recasting with model
in ATLAS paper as advocated in Les Houches 2017
Etruth
T
, d0, nDV
tracks, mDV , Rdecay, zdecay
ATLAS arXiv: 1710.04901 CERN-EP-2017-202
Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In
Search for Displaced Vertices + MET
27-08-2018
See also Allanach, Badziak, Cottin, Desai, Hugonie, Ziegler '16
Simplified models with fixed BR into h(+MET) or Z(+MET)
High mass reach
ATLAS arXiv: 1710.04901 CERN-EP-2017-202
Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM
8TeV limits
Z.Liu, B.Tweedie, '15 CMS PAS EXO-12-038
Search for Displaced Vertices + MET
We reinterpreted it for
p p χ2 χ3 h/Z h/Z χ1 j j j j χ1
Long-lived particles
Decay distance Long lived particle mass
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In
Translate model independent bound on Singlet Doublet DM model
Yukawa coupling Doublet mass
Excluded region
Correct relic density for 12KeV mass DM
Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM
27-08-2018
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In
Translate model independent bound on Singlet Doublet DM model
Yukawa coupling Doublet mass
Excluded region
Correct relic density for 12KeV mass DM Lyman-alpha bound for light DM DM mass Doublet mass
Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM
Cosmological constraint!
27-08-2018
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In
Translate model independent bound on Singlet Doublet DM model
Yukawa coupling Doublet mass
Excluded region
Correct relic density for 12KeV mass DM Lyman-alpha bound for light DM DM mass Doublet mass
Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM
Cosmological constraint!
27-08-2018
Viable region on parameter space and pheno probes
Fixed Dark matter abundance
Dark Matter Mass Doublet mediator mass
"Warm" Dark Matter constraints (Lyman alpha) ATLAS DV+MET LHC can be competitive in large displacement region!
Disappearing Track searches
Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
★FIMP is alternative paradigm to set dark matter abundance ★Naturally involves feeble coupling ★Extremely hard to detect in experiments ★LHC can probe these models via exotic signatures ★Interplay of displaced vertices and cosmology! ★LHC reach can extend to not-warm dark matter
Feebly Interacting Singlet Doublet Model
Dark Matter Mass Mediator mass
Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018
★LHC negative results challenge BSM proposals ★Dark matter remains as important BSM motivation ★Alternative scenarios should be explored! ★FIMP links DM to long-lived/displaced signatures @ LHC ★Interplay with cosmology and WDM constraints ★Singlet-Doublet DM as illustrative minimal prototype
Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In
★Several directions to explore in FIMP phenomenology ★Other FIMP-like models: non-reno operators, co-ann. ... ★Reheating temperature dependence, inflation ... ★Neutrino physics connection ...
27-08-2018