DakNet A Road to Universal Broadband Connectivity Amir Alexander - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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DakNet A Road to Universal Broadband Connectivity Amir Alexander - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sep 22, 2023 208 likes •491 views

DakNet A Road to Universal Broadband Connectivity Amir Alexander Hasson Founder First Mile Solutions Stockholm, Sw eden June 5, 2003 I. Background On Rural Communications II. DakNet Concept & Applications III. DakNet-Bhoomi

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DakNet

Amir Alexander Hasson Founder First Mile Solutions Stockholm, Sw eden June 5, 2003

A Road to Universal Broadband Connectivity

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Overview

I. Background On Rural Communications II. DakNet Concept & Applications III. DakNet-Bhoomi Pilot Implementation IV. The Road to Universal Broadband Connectivity V. Considerations & Questions

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The Digital Divide

  • The goal is clear:

Universal Connectivity

  • But how do we get

there?

  • Need technology

roadmap that is:

– Socially appropriate – Economically motivating – Financially staged – Technologically scalable

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Part I

Background On Rural Communications

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The Wireless Revolution

  • Wireless = leapfrogging
  • pportunities
  • But what kind of

wireless?

– Radio links (1-100Mhz) – Cellular/ WLL – Satellite/VSAT – WiFi LAN/WAN

  • Insight: Same factors

driving WiFi revolution in developed world can drive a revolution in developing world:

– Low cost for users and providers – East of setup, use and maintenance – Bandwidth and scalability – Spectrum delicensing

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Vision

  • Local entrepreneurs

within developing countries will use WiFi to:

– Overcome infrastructure cost barriers – Innovate and experiment with applications and content – Stimulate the development dynamic for rural first mile communities – Grow the infrastructure according to first mile needs and demands, scaling up to universal broadband connectivity

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The Rural ICT Market

  • Latent demand for

information and communication services

  • The needs of the “end-

users” come first = the first mile

  • But need low-risk seed

infrastructure to see what is demanded

– User adoption takes time – Service adoption also takes time

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Asynchronous Is Sufficient

  • ICTs introduced as

shared resource

  • But this has

drawbacks for real- time infrastructures:

– High level of adoption required to achieve cost recovery – “Who am I going to call?” problem – Shared communications infrastructure tends to be asynchronous

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Part II

DakNet

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Some Applications

  • Text-messaging/

email

– eGovernance – eLearning – Telemedicine

  • Audio/video

messaging

– Communication for semi-literates

  • Non-real time

Internet searching and browsing

  • FTP mechanism for

Village websites

  • VMOIP & WiFi

Phones

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Part III

DakNet-Bhoomi Pilot Implementation

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Bhoomi

  • First National

eGovernance Initiative in India

  • Computerization of all

land records in state of Karnataka -- Manual land records illegal

  • Some 500,000 land

record transactions/ month

  • Seeking means of

decentralizing its database using wireless technology

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KIOSK BUS STOP MAX1 MAX2

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Pilot Test Parameters & Performance

  • Integrated and

implemented within one month

  • Total CAPEX for DakNet

equipment under $200/village

  • Average data transfer

per “session” = 21MB uni-directionally

  • Average “goodput” with

resume function was about 2.3Mb/s

  • Maximum range varied

from 200m to 1.5km

  • Dedicated access points

address power constraints

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Part IV

The Road To Universal Broadband Connectivity

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1: Semi-Rural WISPs

WiFi “hotspots” for semi- rural communities

  • Enables affordable

devices and services

  • Stepping stone for

surrounding WiFi footprint

Town

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Village

Town

2: Store-and-Forw ard Wireless

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3: Multi-Hop

Village

Town

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4: Private Adoption & Meshes

Town

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Considerations & Questions

  • Lack of required talent

within developing countries to develop and implement WiFi solutions

  • Access to required

resources – customs duties

  • Need ugly rugged

hardware for rural environment

  • Licensing = time and

money

  • Role of Voice/VOIP?
  • Impact on incumbent

telcos?

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Thank You!

www.firstmilesolutions.com

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Physical, Hardware Layer

IEEE 802.11b (11Mbps) wireless LAN cards Mobile Access Point: Custom Embedded PC Omnidirectional and Directional (terrain-dependent) Amplified Antenna Configuration

Operating System Layer

Mobile Access Point running on Linux Debian Client software runs on Windows family or Linux

Network Protocol Layer

TCP/IP MAC Address Restriction Ad-Hoc wLAN Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) Security

Transport Layer

Intranet File Transfer MAP “Heartbeat” SMTP Internet Mail Transfer Client Web Server

Integration Layer

Routing/naming protocol Import/Export Function Batch Processing Asynchronous DB emulation

Applications Layer

Text messaging Audio/Video messaging Non-real-time Internet browsing DB synchronization