CS 2304: Introduction and Tools Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers

CS 2304: Introduction and Tools

Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers

Meet the Instructor

• Luke Gusukuma
• PhD Candidate (I’m NOT a doctor or Professor)
• Master’s in Computer Science (Tech)
• Bachelors in Computer Science and Flute Performance (Tech)
• Research
• Crowd Simulation
• Virtual Reality
• Hobbies
• Swing dance
• Ballroom dance
• Flute

Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers

Force Add

• https://www.cs.vt.edu/F15Force-Adds
• 2304lsg@

Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers

Some History and General Info

• “C++ is a general purpose programming language with a bias towards

systems programming.”

• With a few exceptions C++ is a super set of C.
• C++ is multi-paradigm language which supports procedural, object
• riented, and generic programming.
• Some history:
• 1979: work begins on “C with Classes”
• 1984: C with Classes is renamed to C++
• 1998: ISO Standard, C++98
• 2011: New Standard, C++11

Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers

A First Program

• #include – Similar to import in Java
• Has a LOT more nuances and differences
• “using namespace” – Similar to Packages in Java
• main – must have a return type of int, typically returns exit code status from

<cstdlib>

• E.g. EXIT_SUCCESS, EXIT_FAILURE, etc.

Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

#include <iostream> // load declarations for iostream // library functions for I/O using namespace std; int main(){ // mandatory fn cout << "Hello, world!\n”; // output to console return 0; // exit fn (& pgm) }

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers

The C++ Standard Library

• The C++ Standard Library includes a fairly large collection of types and

functions.

• The declarations of these are placed into a collection of header files, which

are part of the distribution of every C++ compiler.

• The implementations are placed into a collection of source files, which are

then pre-compiled into binary library files (also part of every C++ compiler distribution).

• C++ programmers incorporate portions of the Standard Library into their

programs by making use of #include directive.

Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers

Java and C++ Comparison

• Naming rules are the same. But… customary conventions differ.
• http://geosoft.no/development/cppstyle.html
• Declaration syntax is the same, but semantics are different
• Scoping rules are similar, within a file at least
• Many reserved words are the same, with the same meanings, but ALL (almost) reserved

words in C++ and ALL (almost) Standard Library identifiers are purely lower-case

• Operator symbols, expressions, and order of operations are generally the same
• The basic control structures (if, for, while, …) have the same syntax and semantics
• Function call/return syntax and semantics are the same; as with Java, function

parameters can only be passed into a function by value

Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers

Conditionals and Loops

• C++ includes
• if…
• if…else
• switch…
• while…
• for…
• do…while
• C++ also has a goto statement for unconditional branching

Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

Thou shalt NOT goto

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers

Core Differences vs. Java

• A C++ program is both procedural and object oriented
• In C++, you manage your own memory
• Scope Rules are slightly different; a name declared within a block is

strictly local to the block.

• In most cases, C++ variables are not automatically initialized at all

Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

int main(){ int a = 0; for(int i = 0; I < 10; i++) { int a = 1; } return a; }

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers

Memory Management

• There is a new operator but…
• No garbage collection
• Deallocation is the responsibility of the programmer

Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014

CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers CS2304: C++ for Java Programmers

Getting Started

• IDEs
• Text editor and command line
• Eclipse
• Can be setup to be cross platform
• Code::Blocks
• Cross platform
• gcc4.8
• Visual Studio
• NOT Cross-Platform
• Visual Studio Code
• ???

Gusukuma 2015, credit to Monti, McQuain 2014