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Tools git: Theory git: Use Git and (other) Tools for Cooperation - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Tools git: Theory git: Use Git and (other) Tools for Cooperation git: Tools Project References Jrg Cassens, Rebekah Wegener, Jens Rademacher, Bastian Stender SoSe 2019 Lab Course Media Informatics SoSe 2019 Jrg Cassens, Rebekah


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SLIDE 1

git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project References

Tools

Git and (other) Tools for Cooperation Jörg Cassens, Rebekah Wegener, Jens Rademacher, Bastian Stender

SoSe 2019

Lab Course Media Informatics

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SLIDE 2

git: Theory

Architectures git

git: Use git: Tools Project References

Outline

1

git: Theory Architectures git

2

git: Use

3

git: Tools

4

Project Management

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SLIDE 3

git: Theory

Architectures git

git: Use git: Tools Project References

Use of and Requirements for Version Control

Administer different versions of a file

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SLIDE 4

git: Theory

Architectures git

git: Use git: Tools Project References

Use of and Requirements for Version Control

Administer different versions of a file Log of changes

What, When, Who

Possible to use previous versions Multi-user support Support branching, merging, redundancy

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SLIDE 5

git: Theory

Architectures git

git: Use git: Tools Project References

Outline Architectures

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SLIDE 6

git: Theory

Architectures git

git: Use git: Tools Project References

Architectures (1)

Local version control

Versioning single files with simple administration (log, recover older versions of file) Implementations: RCS, proprietary sofware

First generation, not suitable for groups

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SLIDE 7

git: Theory

Architectures git

git: Use git: Tools Project References

Architectures (2)

Central version control

Central server, development on clients Revision history on server Rights management on server Implementations: CVS (abandoned), SVN

Second generation, suitable for groups, needs server

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SLIDE 8

git: Theory

Architectures git

git: Use git: Tools Project References

Architectures (3)

Distributed version control

Every client has a repository No central server necessary

but primus inter pares possible

Repositories update other repositories Version history might be on every client Parallel development with (tool-supported) merge aferwards (non-linear development) Implementations: Mercurial, Git

Third generation, suitable for groups, supports offline and non-linear development

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SLIDE 9

git: Theory

Architectures git

git: Use git: Tools Project References

Outline git

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git: Theory

Architectures git

git: Use git: Tools Project References

Features

Distributed version control Originally developed by Linus Torvalds for the Linux kernel no central server Supporting non-linear development through branching and merging Lots of transport protocol options No incremental ID, but hash-values for commits Authentication with repository-hosting services (primus inter pares) ofen via private keys

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SLIDE 11

git: Theory

Architectures git

git: Use git: Tools Project References

(Dis-) advantages

Advantages

no central server clean file system, only one “.git” directory in main directory efficient work through branch, diff, merge

Disadvantages

Requires discipline Linux thinking, might be difficult coming from Windows Steep learning curve Slow performance with large (and binary) files

SoSe 2019 Jörg Cassens, Rebekah Wegener,Jens Rademacher, Bastian Stender – Tools 10 / 88

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SLIDE 12

git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

Outline

1

git: Theory

2

git: Use New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

3

git: Tools

4

Project Management

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SLIDE 13

git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

Outline New Repository

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SLIDE 14

git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

Initialisation & .gitignore

New repositories:

git init (local in project directory, creates “.git”) git --bare init (remote repository)

Keeping files or file types out of version control:

text file .gitignore in main directory One rule per line (*.pdf)

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SLIDE 15

git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

Workflow

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SLIDE 16

git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

Outline Standard Tasks

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SLIDE 17

git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

Base Functions

File-Status:

Untracked (not under version control) Modified (New) (changed since last commit) Staged (marked for commit) Unmodified (unchanged since last commit)

Read status:

git status

Add or stage files:

git add FILE(S)

Commit:

git commit -m “Comment“

Stage (deleted & modified) & Commit:

git commit -a -m “Comment“

Show differences to HEAD:

git diff HEAD

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git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

lifecycle

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git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

Revert changes

Revert changes of last commit, keep commit

git revert

HEAD-pointer to named commit

git revert COMMIT

Stage/working directory to status of last commit

git reset

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SLIDE 20

git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

Outline Remote-Repositories

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SLIDE 21

git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

Remote-Repositories

make local copy of remote repository:

git clone URL

add remote repository:

git remote add REMOTENAME URL

transfer local changes to remote repository:

git push REMOTENAME BRANCH REMOTENAME is ofen origin Standard-Branch is master

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SLIDE 22

git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

Outline Branching

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git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

Branching

create branch

git branch NAME

show all branches

git branch -a

change to branch

git checkout NAME

merge branch with master

git checkout master (change into master) git merge NAME (Merge)

delete branch

git branch -d NAME

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SLIDE 24

git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

Branches

working with branches

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SLIDE 25

git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

Outline Other

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SLIDE 26

git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

Setting and help

(Global) settings

git config [--global] user.name “John Doe“ git config [--global] user.email john@example.com git config [--global] core.autocrlf input (Linux)

Help

git COMMAND --help

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SLIDE 27

git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

Outline Tutorial

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git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

github Tutorial

Sadly, github removed the friendly Octocat tutorial...

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git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

git Tutorial: Katacoda

☞ katacoda.com/courses/git

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SLIDE 30

git: Theory git: Use

New Repository Standard Tasks Remote-Repositories Branching Other Tutorial

git: Tools Project References

git Tutorial: Instruqt

☞ instruqt.com/public/topics/getting-started-with-git

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools

git: GUI git: Project Hosting

Project References

Outline

1

git: Theory

2

git: Use

3

git: Tools git: GUI git: Project Hosting

4

Project Management

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools

git: GUI git: Project Hosting

Project References

Outline git: GUI

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools

git: GUI git: Project Hosting

Project References

smartgit

☞ www.syntevo.com/smartgit Cross-platform (Linux, Mac, Windows), free for non-commercial use

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools

git: GUI git: Project Hosting

Project References

SourceTree

☞ SourceTreeApp.com Mac, Windows; free to use, registration required

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools

git: GUI git: Project Hosting

Project References

GitKraken

☞ gitkraken.com Cross-platform (Linux, Mac, Windows), free for non-commercial use, registration required

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools

git: GUI git: Project Hosting

Project References

IDE Integration

Your favourite IDE most likely features some sort of integration (here: ☞ Eclipse EGit)

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools

git: GUI git: Project Hosting

Project References

Outline git: Project Hosting

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools

git: GUI git: Project Hosting

Project References

Project Hosting

Help for projects by offering:

Issue tracker Wiki (Markdown) Statistics (Gamification) Download of projects Releases

Enabling teamwork Making forks and pull-requests simple

Easy to get involved “Standing on the shoulders of giants”

Several Services with different (dis-) advantages

gitlab github bitbucket

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools

git: GUI git: Project Hosting

Project References

gitlab (Uni Hildesheim)

☞ www.uni-hildesheim.de/gitlab – Hosted OSS-System

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools

git: GUI git: Project Hosting

Project References

gitlab (Commercial)

☞ gitlab.com – Commercial, hosted

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools

git: GUI git: Project Hosting

Project References

gitlab (OSS)

☞ about.gitlab.com – Self-hosted OSS-System

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools

git: GUI git: Project Hosting

Project References

Atlassian Bitbucket

☞ bitbucket.org – Commercial, hosted, Freemium

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SLIDE 43

git: Theory git: Use git: Tools

git: GUI git: Project Hosting

Project References

github

☞ www.github.com – Commercial, hosted, Freemium

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SLIDE 44

git: Theory git: Use git: Tools

git: GUI git: Project Hosting

Project References

gogs

☞ gogs.io – Self-hosted OSS-System

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools

git: GUI git: Project Hosting

Project References

Use in Lab Course

Every group should have at least one project on one of the following services

☞ uni-hildesheim.de/gitlab – Universität Hildesheim ☞ www.gitlab.com – free public and private projects ☞ www.bitbucket.com – free public and private projects, limited team size ☞ www.github.com – free public projects

I get invited

Access to code and documentation Issue tickets

Recommend uni gitlab Others are fine as well

At least those where I have an account

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Outline

1

git: Theory

2

git: Use

3

git: Tools

4

Project Management Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

SoSe 2019 Jörg Cassens, Rebekah Wegener,Jens Rademacher, Bastian Stender – Tools 45 / 88

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Need

Version control

As seen

Ticketing

Basic version included with hosted services

Project planing

At least: milestones and ticketing

Documentation

Wiki at hosted services L

A

T EX in git Collaborative editors

Communication & Coordination

More than whatsapp, facebook and Dropbox

Automation

When things happen in the repo, other stuff is triggered (mail, chat, test)

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SLIDE 48

git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Outline Ticketing & Project Planing

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Tickets and Milestones

git-hosted services usually come with ticketing With tickets and milestones, rudimentary project planing is already possible

Tasks Responsibilities Time

Advantages

Using existing tools & same toolchain

Disadvantages

Not very flexible

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Redmine

☞ www.redmine.org – Integrated system

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Redmine

Powerful integrated system

Project management Time keeping Documentation git-Repositories

Advantages

Lots of options, expandable

Disadvantages

Not a pure project planing solution Self-Hosting

Alternative

☞ trac

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Trello

☞ trello.com – Kanban-style task management, freemium

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Taiga.io

☞ taiga.io – Kanban-style or agile task management Hosted freemium, or self-hosted OSS-System

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

asana

☞ asana.com – Task management, freemium

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

producteev

☞ www.producteev.com – Task management, freemium

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

asana, Trello, producteev, taiga.io

Focus on project management Different philosophies (kanban, “traditional”) Advantages

Powerful

Disadvantages

Powerful

SoSe 2019 Jörg Cassens, Rebekah Wegener,Jens Rademacher, Bastian Stender – Tools 55 / 88

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Outline Documentation

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

L

A

T EX

git works well with text files

but is not very well suited for binary blobs such as PDF or word processor files

L

A

T EX is text based

Documentation in a doc-repo

Disadvantages

Assets such as pictures are not handled well Track changes

needs work with ☞ latexdiff

Advantages

Professional type setting Same tool chain

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

ShareLaTeX/Overleaf

☞ overleaf.com – Collaborative, online L

AT

EX-shell, Freemium

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Wiki

“pre-packaged” Wikis Advantages

Simple Markdown-Syntax Online Same tool chain

Disadvantages

Simple Markdown-Syntax Online

You can convert Markdown into lots of other formats (HTML, PDF, L

AT

EX, ODF)

Example pandoc, ☞ johnmacfarlane.net/pandoc Example MultiMarkdown, ☞ fletcherpenney.net/multimarkdown

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Etherpad

☞ etherpad.org, ☞ epad.hosting.uni-hildesheim.de OSS Collaborative online text editor, hosted or self-hosted

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Google Docs

☞ docs.google.com – Collaborative online word processor

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Microsof Word Online

☞ office.com – Collaborative online word processor

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Nuclino

☞ nuclino.com – “Easy knowledge base for teams”, includes collaborative word processor

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Outline Communication & Coordination

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SLIDE 66

git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

slack

☞ slack.com – Commercial, Freemium

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SLIDE 67

git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

slack

Communication in Teams in so-called channels More structured than Hangouts, less messy than facebook, simpler than IRC Advantages

Many functions and hooks Good connectivity with other systems (git commit-messages) Even free accounts quite powerful

Disadvantages

...

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SLIDE 68

git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Mattermost

☞ mattermost.org – Self-hosted Slack clone, comes with gitlab

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Telegram

☞ telegram.org – Messenger, optional end-to-end-encryption, desktop & mobile, groups, proprietary

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Signal

☞ whispersystems.org – Messenger, End-to-End-Encryption, desktop and mobile, groups

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Hangouts

☞ hangouts.google.com – (Video) messenger, desktop and mobile, supports groups, proprietary

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

jitsi

☞ jitsi.org – multi-platform, multi-protocol (WebRTC) video chat, open source

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project

Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Talky

☞ talky.io – Video chat for groups (up to 15 participants, WebRTC), open source core

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Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

appear.in

☞ appear.in – Video chat for small groups (up to 4 participants, WebRTC), freemium

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SLIDE 75

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Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Foodle

☞ terminplaner4.dfn.de – Terminplaner, DFN

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SLIDE 76

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Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Nuclino

☞ nuclino.com – “Easy knowledge base for teams”, includes collaborative word processor

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SLIDE 77

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Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Outline Automation

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Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Hooks

Git has the ability to fire custom scripts when certain actions occur There are both client-side and server-side hooks Most hosted services offer convenient access to such hooks

Mail at commit Slack-Messages at commit

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Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

if this then that

☞ iftt.com – If this then that, commercial, freemium

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SLIDE 80

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Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

zapier

☞ zapier.com – Similar to iftt, commercial, freemium

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SLIDE 81

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Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

iftt, zapier

Both services make it possible to connect different data sources and data sinks from different services ifttt is more open in how to use stuff, but zapier sometimes has more of better connections Advantages

Automation

Disadvantages

Ones gives third party services access accounts on a potentially very large number of services...and sometimes to lots of data

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Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Outline Suggestions

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SLIDE 83

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Ticketing & Project Planing Documentation Communication & Coordination Automation Suggestions

References

Suggestions

Source-code management (git) Git hosted services (gitlab, github, bitbucket) Documentation from the start (wiki, L

AT

EX) Tickets (git hosted services) Milestones (git hosted services) Project management (trello, taiga.io) Chat (slack, Telegram, jitsi, talky)

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SLIDE 84

git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project References

git: Info & Tools

Basis

☞ git-scm.com – Git for Windows (install, deutsche Sprachdatei in .old umbenennen)

Tutorial & Documentation

☞ katacoda.com/courses/git ☞ instruqt.com/public/topics/getting-started-with-git ☞ git-scm.com/book – Git book

GUI-Tools

☞ www.syntevo.com/smartgit ☞ SourceTreeApp.com ☞ gitkraken.com

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SLIDE 85

git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project References

git: Hosting

Hosted services

☞ uni-hildesheim.de/gitlab – Universität Hildesheim ☞ www.gitlab.com – free public and private projects ☞ www.bitbucket.com – free public and private projects, limited team size ☞ www.github.com – free public projects

Self-hosted

☞ about.gitlab.com – self-hosted ☞ gogs.io – self-hosted

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git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project References

Project Management

Project management

☞ www.redmine.org ☞ trac.edgewall.org ☞ asana.com ☞ www.producteev.com ☞ trello.com ☞ taiga.io

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SLIDE 87

git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project References

Documentation

Documentation

☞ L

AT

EX & ☞ git ☞ sharelatex.com ☞ overleaf.com ☞ etherpad.org ☞ epad.hosting.uni-hildesheim.de ☞ docs.google.com ☞ office.live.com ☞ nuclino.com ☞ johnmacfarlane.net/pandoc ☞ fletcherpenney.net/multimarkdown

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SLIDE 88

git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project References

Communication, Coordination, Automation

Communication & Coordination

☞ slack.com – Slack ☞ mattermost.org – Slack-Clone ☞ telegram.org – telegram ☞ whispersystems.org – Signal ☞ hangouts.google.com – Hangouts ☞ talky.io – Talky ☞ jitsi.org – jitsi ☞ appear.in – appear.in ☞ terminplaner2.dfn.de – Foodle ☞ nuclino.com – knowledge management

Automation

☞ iftt.com ☞ zapier.com

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SLIDE 89

git: Theory git: Use git: Tools Project References

Tools

Git and (other) Tools for Cooperation Jörg Cassens, Rebekah Wegener, Jens Rademacher, Bastian Stender

SoSe 2019

Lab Course Media Informatics

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