Country report : Spain Alberto Sanz-Cobea, Jorge Alvaro-Fuentes, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Country report : Spain Alberto Sanz-Cobea, Jorge Alvaro-Fuentes, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Country report : Spain Alberto Sanz-Cobea, Jorge Alvaro-Fuentes, Pilar Merino, Fernando Estells, Agustn del Prado, David Yaez, Luis Lassaletta, Eduardo Aguilera, Antonio Vallejo, Salvador Calvet Presentation to IRG Annual Meeting Cali,

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Presentation to IRG Annual Meeting Cali, 5 February 2019

Country report : Spain

Alberto Sanz-Cobeña, Jorge Alvaro-Fuentes, Pilar Merino, Fernando Estellés, Agustín del Prado, David Yañez, Luis Lassaletta, Eduardo Aguilera, Antonio Vallejo, Salvador Calvet

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No specific contributions to IRG but national and international projects contributing to IRG’s topics

  • International initiatives: (e.g.) FAO-IAEA research group on N2O mitigation

and C sequestration in cropping systems; ILTER (International Long Term Ecological Research Network)

  • National research projects on N and C management towards sustainable

cropping systems (e.g. Agrisost, others).

  • National research initiative to improve N2O EF in cropping systems (from Tier

1 to Tier 2).

  • Zootecnic documents for Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food
  • National research networks: REMEDIA (GHG mitigation in agroforestry), RED

NUEVA (to develop/improve) national GHG EF in croplands and livestock systems.

  • GRA meeting in Madrid (February, 2018): proposal for GRA sub-group in

Mediterranean areas

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  • Gestión de deyecciones en sistemas productivos de vacuno de

leche de la cornisa cantábrica. De la explotación al territorio: Eficiencia del uso de nutrientes, mitigación de gases de efecto invernadero y reducción de la huella de C. RTA 2015-00058-C06-04 2017 – 2020. Partners: Serida, Ingacal, BC3, Intia

  • Propagating innovations for more resilient dairy farming in the

Atlantic area 2018 -2021 Partners: INGACAL, SRUC, IDELE, Teagasc, CAFRE, INRA, AHDB, UTAD, Chambre d’agriculture Bretagne

  • Tecnología Destinada A La Sostenibilidad De Los Sistemas

Agrícolas. 2019 -2022 Partners: UPM, INIA, CIEMAT, UAM. Programa de Investigación financiado por la Comunidad de Madrid y los Fondos Estructurales Europeos (AGRISOST-CM, S2018/BAA4330)

  • Others…

National and international projects contributing to IRG’s topics

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Workshops Blogs & Social Networks Courses Res. papers Since 2012 & more…

National networks contributing to IRG’s topics

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Network for Updating Emission Values in spanish Agriculture

  • To define EFs evaluation criteria/review existing methodologies
  • To explore GHG measurement approaches
  • To identify 'gaps of knowledge'
  • To promote internationalization and communication with policymakers

and stakeholders

‘Assessment of GHG EFs in the Spanish agricultural sector’

UJAEN-CEAOyAO

EEZ-CSIC BC3 EEAD-CSIC UPM UPV USC

National networks contributing to IRG’s topics

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The ILTER-N initiative aims to foster global collaborative and comparative research on the fluxes of N2O from aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, with an emphasis on long-term measurements.

Global assessment of N2O emission from aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems: the ILTER- N initiative

33% 28% 18% 11% 8% 1% 1% Crop Forest Grassland Aquatic Other Peatland Shrubland

N2O fluxes from various climates and ecosystems within the ILTER and related site networks. In our initial responses, 90 sites reporting N2O measurements with varying sampling intensity and methodology.

Workshop planned in Madrid (fall 2019) William H. McDowell, Allison Herreid, Luis Lassaletta, Hideaki Shibata, Alberto Sanz-Cobeña, Jody Potter

Relative percentage

  • f each ecosystem

represented in current flux contributions.

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0.0 0.8 0.4 1.2

IPCC Tier I default value

Flood (14) Furrow (27) Drip (52) Sprinkler (45)

Mean EF for Mediterranean crops (223)

0.5 ± 0.1

0.9 ± 0.2 0.5 ± 0.3 0.5 ± 0.4 0.2 ± 0.5

Rainfed (62) Irrigated (138)

0.6 ± 0.1 0.3 ± 0.2

Rainfed <450 mm (38) Rainfed >450 mm (24)

0.3 ± 0.3 0.2 ± 0.3

Lower N2O emission factors than temperate systems

Cayuela et al. 2017 (AGEE)

National research initiative to improve N2O EF in Spanish cropping systems (inventories network)

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2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000

Total To crops

Liquid Solid Synthetic 20 40 60 80 100 120

Tier 1 Tier 2

N2O (Gg N-N2O)

GgN/y

Input to Mediterranean crops N2O Tier 1 vs Tier 2 97 GgN 47 GgN

The importance of a Tier-2 transition in the national inventories

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Zootecnic documents for Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food

Revised methodology for Spanish National Inventory of Livestock emissions (TIER II) based

  • n IPCC guidelines(2006) and EMEP/EEA (2013) to calculate National NH3, NO, NO2, N2O,

CH4, COVNM, PM2,5, PM10 and TSP emissions.

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Temperatures Evapotranspiration Precipitation Range precipitation: 275-1000 mm

Water availability Water availability Max. Irradiation

Water scarcity Need for irrigation Future actions: proposal of GRA/IRG case study in Mediterranean countries for (e.g.) inventories development/improvement

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Particular dynamics in the Mediterranean region

Highly populated areas High risk of soil degradation Hot spot of biodiversity Highly vulnerable to climate change Unique agriculture Water scarcity

The Mediterranean basin Chile California South Africa Australia MEDITERRANEIZATION

Mediterranean type climate areas worldwide

Future actions: proposal of GRA/IRG case study in Mediterranean countries for (e.g.) inventories development/improvement

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Special Issue: "Mitigation and Quantification of GHG in Mediterranean cropping systems“ Alberto Sanz-Cobena, Luis Lassaletta, Josette Garnier and Pete Smith. Eds. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment Vol 238 (Feb-2017) 14 contributions

Research work already carried out: (e.g.) AGEE Special Issue on GHG mitigation in Mediterranean cropping systems

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Sanz-Cobena et al. 2017 (Agric. Ecosyst. & Environ.)

Direct emissions can be small! But other emissions can be high!

AGEE Special Issue on GHG mitigation in Mediterranean cropping systems: Indirect and induced GHG emissions

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AGEE Special Issue on GHG mitigation in Mediterranean cropping systems: Significant net import of protein-rich crops for feed

Sanz-Cobena et al. 2017 (Agric. Ecosyst. & Environ.)

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Research work in progress

Huge amount of manure over the crop needs: direct and indirect increase of emissions

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011

Food and feed fate (GgN)

Imported feed Local food Local feed

Imported food

Permanent grass

North Med.

Lassaletta et al. (in prep)

Huge and increasing amount of crops (imported

  • r local)

transformed in manures

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20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Papers/Tg CO2eq

No scientific information E.g. Total emissions in Spanish grain legumes lower than in olive orchards

Research gaps: Number of papers considering N2O emissions in Mediterranean areas per Tg N2O emitted (CO2eq) by crop type in Spain

Aguilera et al. (In prep.)

Research work in progress

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Transference and dissemination

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Transference and dissemination

  • Better understanding of the sources and drivers

controlling GHG emissions from agricultural systems.

  • An overview of state-of-the-art methods for measuring

GHG emissions and soil C changes.

  • Improved skills in the use of simulation models and tools

for estimating GHG emissions and soil C changes at different scales.

  • Insights on GHG mitigation options and their socio-

economic assessment.

  • Criteria for designing and improving national

inventories.

  • A holistic view of available tools to support informed

decision making. OBJECTIVES

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Transference and dissemination

  • J. ÁLVARO-FUENTES, EEAD-CSIC, Zaragoza (Spain)
  • M. BERNOUX, FAO, Roma (Italy)
  • K. BUTTERBACH-BAHL, IMK-IFU, Garmisch-Partenkirchen

(Germany)

  • L. CÁRDENAS, Rothamsted Research, Devon (United Kingdom)
  • L. LASSALETTA, UPM, Madrid (Spain)
  • E. MILNE, CSU, Fort Collins (USA)
  • S. PELLERIN, INRA, Bordeaux (France)
  • A. del PRADO, BC3, Leioa (Spain)
  • A. SANZ-COBEÑA, UPM, Madrid (Spain)
  • R. TEIXEIRA, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa (Portugal)

LECTURERS

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Transference and dissemination

31 Participants (selected from >100 applications) from 10 countries:

  • Algeria
  • Egypt
  • Italy
  • Morocco
  • Malta
  • Panama
  • Portugal
  • Spain
  • Tunisia
  • Turkey

PARTICIPANTS

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Transference and dissemination

Strong support from GRA (NZ) with 10 grants for students in developing countries

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coordinators

Transference and dissemination

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WP or TF based on the IRG of GRA focused on GHG inventories in Mediterranean areas. Case study: Spain

  • Momentum: institutional support for N2O inventory; REMEDIA Network, others.
  • Countries under Mediterranean climatic conditions (fully or partially):

Australia, Chile, Egypt, France, Italy, South Africa, Spain. Number of Mediterranean countries from (e.g.) north Africa involved in GRA could be increased and the development/improvement of national GHG inventories achieved.

  • Climatic and crop management particularities affecting GHG mitigation

(and adaptation). Risk of Mediterranization

  • Vulnerable area where mitigation and adaptation need to be addressed

coordinately

  • Less explored systems than other regions although relevant research

initiatives already taken (recently) and planned

  • Relevant capacity building initiatives and transference activities carried out

and planned (with the support of GRA)

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Thanks for your attention