Coordinated Audit on Latin American Protected Areas SecexAmbiental - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Coordinated Audit on Latin American Protected Areas SecexAmbiental - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Coordinated Audit on Latin American Protected Areas SecexAmbiental Department of Agriculture and Environmental Audit Hugo Chudyson Elaine Ferreira Curitiba, 29 September 2015 Summary Supreme Audit Institution (SAI) Federal Court of

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Hugo Chudyson Elaine Ferreira

Coordinated Audit on Latin American Protected Areas

SecexAmbiental Department of Agriculture and Environmental Audit Curitiba, 29 September 2015

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Summary

  • Supreme Audit Institution (SAI)

– Federal Court of Accounts of Brazil (TCU)

  • Coordinated Audits

– Brazilian Amazon Protected Areas – 2012/13 – Latin American Protected Areas – 2014/15

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Supreme Audit Institution (SAI)

Definition of SAI:

  • Public National Institutions that assess the

sound use of public funds

  • Mission goes beyond the financial audits of

government accounts and extends to the evaluation of public policies

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INTOSAI and UNEP 2010

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INTOSAI and United Nations

  • UN Resolution A/RES/69/228 (Dec, 2014):

recognizes the role SAIs can play and encourages relevant UN institutions to intensify their cooperation, including in capacity-building, with the INTOSAI in order to promote good governance at all levels by ensuring efficiency, accountability, effectiveness and transparency.

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Federal Court of Accounts (TCU)

– SAI of Brazil, created in 1890 – Supports National Congress (Legislative) – Carry out compliance and performance audits – Specific Department to environmental auditing

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Protected areas (PAs)

–Universal topic – No boundaries Protected Areas ↔ Public heritage – SAIs can evaluate PAs management

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Coordinated Audits on Protected Areas

1) Brazilian Amazon – 2012/13

247 Protected Areas (Federal and state level)

2) Latin America – 2014/15

1120 Protected Areas (12 countries)

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National Coordinated Audit

Brazilian Amazon Protected Areas 2013

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Audit on Brazilian Amazon

  • TCU + 9 State Courts of Audit (TCEs)

– Performance audit – 247 PAs – territory > France and Spain together

  • Assessment

– Normative, institutional, operational aspects

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Products developed

Tree of problems Diagram of regulations

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Audit on Brazilian Amazon

  • Assessment

– Implementation and Management – Georeferenced maps – Indimapas

  • Indicators and Index
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Indimapa

Protected Areas Implementation and Management Index

  • Legal framework
  • Rappam – WWF and Tracking Tool – World Bank
  • Experts
  • Audit standards
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Multidimensional assessment

G – Management plan H – Human resources $ – Financial resources E – Physical structures T – Territorial consolidation F – Environmental inspection P – Research B – Biodiversity monitoring C – Managing council M – Community management U – Public use N – Concessions L – Articulation in the PA

13 Indicators

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Indimapa

Index of PAs Implementation and Management

= average of 13 indicators

High (2 ≤ i ≤ 3) Medium(1 ≤ i < 2) Low (0 ≤ i < 1)

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247 PAs evaluated

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International Coordinated Audit

Latin American Protected Areas 2014

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Audit on Latin America

  • Coordinated by

– Federal Court of Accounts of Brazil (TCU) – General Comptroller of the Republic of Paraguay (CGR)

  • 12 countries

– Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru and Venezuela

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12 Countries 1120 Protected Areas evaluated

COMTEMA

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Audit on Latin America

  • Criteria

– Aichi Biodiversity Target 11

  • Elements

– Quantitative - by 2020, at least 17% of terrestrial and inland water, and 10% of coastal and marine areas – Qualitative - conserved through effectively managed systems of protected areas

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Results

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Latin America Outlook

  • Quantitative element

– 8/12 countries had already reached the goal of protecting at least 17% of their terrestrial areas

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Latin America Outlook

Quantitative element: Aichi Target 11 evaluation

Country Land area (km²) Number of protected areas (PAs) Land protected areas (km²) Land protected areas percentage Brazil 8.515.767 1.966 1.460.918 17,2% Argentina 2.791.810 436 215.150 7,7% Bolivia 1.098.581 130 221.913 20,2% Colombia 1.141.748 633 141.851 12,4% Costa Rica 51.100 168 13.286 26,0% El Salvador 21.041 72 5.260 25,0% Ecuador 256.370 50 50.150 19,6% Honduras 112.492 91 31.086 27,6% Mexico 1.964.375 176 206.681 10,5% Paraguay 406.752 91 83.378 20,5% Peru 1.294.364 152 239.391 18,5% Venezuela* 1.075.987 400 390.458 36,3% Total 18.730.387 4.365 3.059.523 16,3%

Source: World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA), National Reports to CDB and data of SAI

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Latin America Outlook

  • Qualitative element

– The international commitment requires that, besides its creation, the protected areas should be efficiently managed – To evaluate these aspects, EFS used Indimapa

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Latin America Outlook

  • Qualitative element

– 19% of the Latin American PAs evaluated are in the green level, indicative of a high degree of implementation and management – Almost 30% are at the low management level

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Indimapas

Maps of 12 countries

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Brazilian Outlook – 313 federal PAs

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Brazilian Outlook

Implementation Level of 313 federal PAs

G Management plan 1,03 H Human resources 1,49 $ Financial resources 1,09 E Physical structures 2,29 T Territorial consolidation 1,65 F Environmental inspection 1,66 P Research 1,65 B Biodiversity monitoring 0,94 C Managing council 1,70 M Community management 1,36 U Public use 0,87 L Articulation in the PA 0,93 Indicators

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Management Plan (MP)

  • Latin America

– 47% (526 PAs ) do not have MP

  • Brazil

– 53% (165 federal PAs) do not have MP

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Biodiversity monitoring*

  • Latin America

– 44% (492 PAs) do not carry out the activity

  • Brazil

– 50% (156 federal PAs) do not carry out the activity

  • Without systematic monitoring, the effectiveness in

biodiversity conservation can’t be measured.

* continuous and systematic activity

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Human resources

  • Latin America

– 13% (145 PAs) do not have a single person in charge of their management

  • Brazil

– 3% (9 federal PAs) do not have a person in charge

  • Essential activities are not done
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Territorial consolidation*

  • Latin America

– 52% (580 PAs) have not completed the territorial consolidation process

  • Brazil

– 47% (146 federal PAs) have problems in completing the process of territorial consolidation

  • Main difficulties: illegal occupation; land regularization, among
  • thers

*property rights

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Conclusion

 Aichi Target 11

Quantitative element: 8/12 countries reached the terrestrial target; Qualitative element: 19% at a high level of implementation and management;

 Protected Areas are created but not effectively implemented

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Conclusion

 Insufficient articulation among players to the achievement of the goals of protected areas  Conditions incompatible with the needs of protected areas  Few utilization of economic, social and environmental potential of protected areas

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Main Recommendations

  • Mechanisms should be established to ensure the

essential resources (management plan, human and financial resources, physical structures, among others) to the effective implementation and adequate management of these territories.

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Main Recommendations

  • To define strategies for territorial consolidation of

PAs that consider the technical, legal, social and environmental issues involved in this process

  • To promote local networking, both institutional

and non-governmental in order to enhance environmental governance

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Executive Summary

Portuguese, English and Spanish

2012-2013 2014-2015

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Two-page release

2012-2013 2014-2015

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Thanks!

secexambiental@tcu.gov.br hugoca@tcu.gov.br +55 (61) 3316-5066

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Discussion

  • Benefits of external evaluation for managers
  • Priority for action – Brazilian perspective (cost-

benefit, feasibility):

– Management plans – Territorial consolidation

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Visited spots

  • 65 Brazilian Protected Areas (federal level)

– 29 in 2013 – 36 in 2014

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TCE-RR

Visita à APA Baixo Rio Branco - RR

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