Cooling With Less Warming: updates from US, India and China At the - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Cooling With Less Warming: updates from US, India and China At the - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Cooling With Less Warming: updates from US, India and China At the virtual 32nd Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol 24 November 2020 Agenda 19:00 :00 - 19:05 :05 In Introdu troducti tion on & Up Update ate on on AI

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SLIDE 1

Cooling With Less Warming: updates from US, India and China

At the virtual 32nd Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol 24 November 2020

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SLIDE 2

Agenda

1

19:00 :00 - 19:05 :05 In Introdu troducti tion

  • n & Up

Update ate on

  • n AI

AIM M Act Alex Hillbrand, HFC Policy Advocate, Climate & Clean Energy & International Program, NRDC 19:05 :05 - 19:15 :15 Updat ate e on

  • n U.

U.S.

  • S. sta

tate te ac acti tion

  • n on
  • n HF

HFCs Cs Christina Theodoridi, Technical Analyst, Climate & Clean Energy Program, NRDC 19:15 :15 - 19:25 :25 Special update on California’s new AC and refrigeration regulations Kathryn Kynett, Air Pollution Specialist, California Air Resources Board 19:25 :25 – 19:33 :33 UNE NEP P coo

  • oling

g initi tiativ atives es in In India ia Atul Bagai, Head-Country Office India, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) 19:33 :33 – 19:38 :38 Updat ate e on

  • n AC

AC m mark arket et tr trends ends an and ot

  • ther

er coo

  • oling

g initi tiativ atives es in In India Prima Madan, Lead- Cooling & Energy Efficiency, NRDC India Program 19:38 :38 – 19:45 :45 Updat ate e on

  • n co

cool

  • ling

g ac acti tion

  • n in Ch

China a – new ew AC s C sta tandar ards & up updated ated F-gas as law aw Mona Yew, Deputy Director, NRDC China Program 19:45 :45 – 20:00 :00 Q&A

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SLIDE 3

Domestic U.S. Action on HFCs

Federal and state action to curb HFCs in the United States

Natural Resources Defense Council

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SLIDE 4

Ph Phas ase e do down wn us use e of

  • f hy

hydr drofluorocarbons

  • fluorocarbons

HFC FCs s in in th the e Un United ited Stat States es ov

  • ver

er th the e ne next xt 15 15 ye years ars

  • Require new production and import of HFCs fall

from 100% to 15% of baseline by 2036

  • Encourages EPA to implement HFC leak

prevention and disposal requirements, incl. recycling, reclamation, and destruction

  • Authorizes EPA to ban HFCs in end-use

applications where there are better alternatives

  • Bill does not ratify Kigali Amendment but

mandates compliance with the core obligations

Federal legislation to phase down HFCs is being considered in Congress

1

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SLIDE 5

Leg egis islatio lation n is is bi bipartisan partisan an and d sup upported ported by by br broad

  • ad co

coali alition tion of

  • f sta

take keholde holders rs:

  • Backed by industry and environmental community
  • Passed in the House:
  • Part of larger legislative package
  • American Innovation and Manufacturing Leadership Act (H.R. 5544) with 28

cosponsors

  • Agreement in the Senate:
  • Clear support but no passage yet
  • American Innovation and Manufacturing Act (S.2754) with 34 cosponsors
  • Chance for enactment this year and if not then likely early priority for Biden Administration

Federal legislation is broadly supported

1 2

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SLIDE 6

States leading since court vacated federal HFC rules

3

EPA A SN SNAP AP 20 20 2015 2015 EPA A SN SNAP AP 21 21 2016 2016 Cou

  • urt pa

partia ially v lly vacat ates s EPA A rul ules 2017 2017 2018 2018 Cali liforn

  • rnia

ia fir irst st to to ado dopt r rul ule +3 st 3 stat ates ad s adop

  • pt

id ident ntic ical ru l rule le 2019 2019 2020 2020 +3 st 3 stat ates ad s adop

  • pt

id ident ntic ical ru l rule le Si Sign gnif ifica icant nt Ne New A w Alt lterna native ives s Pol

  • lic

icy y (SN SNAP AP) ) rul ules: s:

  • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) prohibited the use of HFCs in specific applications
  • Rules were partially vacated by the U.S. Court of Appeals shortly after they were introduced
  • State rules are almost identical to the SNAP rules
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SLIDE 7
  • No

Not t a a sup upply ply ph phase ase do down wn

  • Sta

State te ru rules les gr grad adually ually pr proh

  • hibi

ibit t HFC FC-use use in in ce cert rtain ain ap applica plications: tions:

  • Commercial refrigeration
  • Household fridges & freezers
  • Foams
  • Aerosols
  • Building chillers

4

States rules apply to specific end-uses

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SLIDE 8

States committed to HFC reductions account for 50% of GDP

5

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SLIDE 9

Key drivers for state action

6

Sh Shared cl ared clim imate a ate ambi bition tion an and e d enviro nvironm nmental ental adv advoc

  • cacy

acy Ena nabl bled b ed by y co coope

  • pera

ration t tion through the U.S hrough the U.S. Cl . Clim imate ate Al Alli liance: ance:

  • Coalition of 25 governors committed to acting on

climate

  • Responsible for about 40% of U.S. HFC emissions
  • Serves as a platform to share lessons learned
  • Provides opportunity to create uniform regulations

Source: usclimatealliance.org

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SLIDE 10

Re Refrige frigerant rant ma management nagement pr program

  • gram
  • Established in 2009
  • Leak prevention and servicing
  • Complement to federal program

Pr Propo

  • posal

sal to

  • adopt

dopt me measures asures fo for r st stationary ationary air ir- con

  • nditioning

ditioning and nd re refrigera frigeration tion

  • Addresses major sources of HFC emissions
  • Limits the potency of refrigerants sold in these

applications

Additional action in California

7

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SLIDE 11

Thank you

Contacts: ahillbrand@nrdc.org ctheodoridi@nrdc.org

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SLIDE 12

Update on California’s Proposed New Rulemaking for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

Kathryn Kynett

NOVEMBER 24, 2020

12

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SLIDE 13

13

California is taking action to reduce HFCs

CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD

SB 1383 requires CARB to reduce HFC emissions 40% below 2013 levels by 2030

(2018)

5 10 15 20 25

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

(MMTCO2e)

SB 1383

[Source: CARB F-Gas Inventory]

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SLIDE 14

▪Refrigerant Management Program (RMP)

▪ Leak checks and repairs for refrigeration systems > 50 lbs

▪California HFC Regulation

▪ Adopts U.S. EPA SNAP Rules 20 and 21 into state law

▪Other Regulations: Advanced Clean Cars, Consumer Products,

Semiconductor Manufacturing, and Small Cans for Automobile Refrigerant

▪Proposed: Transport Refrigeration Units

CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD

14

Existing Regulations in California

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SLIDE 15

▪Stationary Refrigeration

▪150 GWP limit → new or remodeled facilities ▪Company-wide targets for existing retail food facilities

▪Stationary Air Conditioning (AC)

▪750 GWP limit for new equipment

CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD

15

GWP Limits for R/AC Equipment (Proposed)

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SLIDE 16

CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD

16

California Timeline

SB 1383

SLCP Strategy

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

HFC Regulation & SB 1013 Industry/NRDC Voluntary Agreement

December Board Hearing

Kigali Amendment

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SLIDE 17

▪ New Facilities: 150 GWP limit

▪Newly constructed facilities ▪Remodeled facilities with all new refrigeration

▪ Existing Facilities: 750 – 2,200 GWP limit

CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD

17

Requirement for New Refrigeration Systems

(80+ supermarkets using low-GWP refrigerants in 2019)

Industrial Process Retail & Commercial Cold Storage

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SLIDE 18

▪Weighted-average GWP reduction (<1,400 by 2030), or ▪Greenhouse Gas Potential reduction (55% by 2030) ▪Flexibility to plan over 8 to 10 years ▪Prepares sector for HFC phasedown (U.S. has not ratified)

CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD

18

Requirement for Existing Refrigeration Systems in Retail Food Facilities

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SLIDE 19

Proposed GWP limits for new systems that will be placed in existing facilities: ▪ Industrial refrigeration → GWP 1,500 - 2,200 ▪ Ice rinks → GWP 750 ▪ Cold storage covered by current regulation (GWP 1,500)

DRAFT DELIBERATIVE

19

Requirements for Existing Non-Retail Facilities

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SLIDE 20

▪ Air conditioning equipment manufactured after January 1, 2023, must use a refrigerant with a GWP value less than 750.

CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD

20

Proposed GWP Limit for Stationary Air Conditioning (AC)

AC Equipment used in Commercial/ Non-residential Buildings

AC Equipment used in Residences

Room ACs + Dehumidifiers

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SLIDE 21

▪ Many of the next generation refrigerants have an A2L classification ▪ Currently in use in the California in chillers, room AC and car AC ▪ Use in other types of ACs requires updates to Building Codes

CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD

21

AC Refrigerant Alternatives (<750 GWP)

Completed

In Progress/Pending

International Safety Standards

  • N. American Safety

Standards (ASHRAE and UL) Model Building Codes/ State Fire Marshal California Building Code*

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SLIDE 22

CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD

22

Emissions Benefits

▪ Annual Emissions Reductions in 2030: 3.8 MMTCO2e ▪ Cumulative Emissions Reductions by 2040: 72 MMTCO2e ▪ ~38% of the reductions needed to meet the SB 1383 Goal

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 2032 2034 2036 2038 2040

(MMTCO2e)

Proposed Amendments

HFC Emissions from Stationary Refrigeration + AC

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SLIDE 23

▪ Draft proposed regulation text made public October 20, 2020. Go to: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/hfc-reduction-measures/rulemaking

  • r search for “CARB HFC Rulemaking”

▪ 45-day comment period (October 23 – December 7) ▪ Board hearing on proposed regulation: Thursday, December 10, 2020 https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/board-meeting-dates

CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD

23

Next Steps

New Refrigeration <150 GWP New AC < 750 GWP

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SLIDE 24

▪ SB 1383 and EO B-55-18 (carbon neutrality by 2045) ▪ Sales prohibition of new refrigerant ▪ Low-GWP requirements for additional end-uses

CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD

24

Future Considerations

2,088 3,985 1,774 3,900 1,430

GWP Values for Common HFC Refrigerants

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SLIDE 25

CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD

25

Contact Information

Kathryn Kynett, California Air Resources Board Kathryn.Kynett@arb.ca.gov HFC Team, California Air Resources Board HFCReduction@arb.ca.gov For more information, please visit: Stationary Hydrofluorocarbon Reduction Measures Website

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SLIDE 26

PROTECTING THE CLIMATE:

UPDATES ON SUSTAINABLE COOLING IN INDIA

Side Event on Cooling with Less Warming: Updates from US, India and China 32nd Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol

24th November 2020

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SLIDE 27

Industry in India has already begun to leapfrog, high-GWP refrigerant technology for room ACs to low GWP solutions

  • Encouraging developments on R-290 and

natural refrigerants, indigenous standards

  • Market champions, 6 to 7 companies

leapfrogging through the HPMP in India. Most use R-32

  • EESL bulk procurement programs
  • RMI’s Global Cooling Prize, received many

innovative submissions, with US and India in the lead.

HPMP and Industry Update

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SLIDE 28

AC standards update

  • Room ACs to constitute 50% of space cooling energy consumption in 2037-38
  • An additional 30% reduction in cooling energy, estimated in the intervention scenario through

stronger MEPS. Current revisions slows progress

  • Opportunities for stronger standards, including low GWP labels and strengthen compliance and

testing

Comparison of Split AC Standards Current Revision v/s ICAP Ambitious Scenario

1 2 3 4 5 6 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 Energy Efficiency Rating (ISEER)

Requirements to Meet 1-Star Label, 2020-2026 BEE Plan ICAP Intervention Scenario Modeling

1 2 3 4 5 6 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 Energy Efficiency Rating (ISEER)

Requirements to Meet 3-Star Label, 2020-2026 BEE Plan ICAP Intervention Scenario Modeling

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SLIDE 29

ICAP Implementation

Makeup of India’s Cooling Demand (2038)

74 74 10 10 16 16 0. 0.3 Space Cooling Refrigeration

In 2050 India will account for 30% of global emissions from space cooling

Source: NRDC adopted from IEA Future of Cooling, 2018 (some values indicative only); India Cooling Action Plan 2019

ICAP released in 2019 Implementation Approach:

  • Recommendations for short, medium

and long term

  • Multi-stakeholder and multi-sectoral
  • Emphasis on EWS
  • Integration with on-going programs and

initiatives Implementation Progress:

  • Inter-ministerial and inter-departmental

thematic working groups set up by MOEFCC including civil society

  • Group of four civil society organizations

kicked off implementation in early 2020

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SLIDE 30

THANK YOU

PRIMA MADAN LEAD- ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND COOLING NRDC INDIA PROGRAM PMADAN@NRDC.ORG

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SLIDE 31

China Cooling Update

November 23, 2020 Mona Yew, NRDC

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SLIDE 32
  • China produces 70% of the world’s ACs, and buys 45% of them
  • 150,627,000 units were sold in 2019, ~40% for export
  • National Green Cooling Action Plan adopted in 2019 sets targets for strengthening

cooling efficiency

  • Improve residential AC energy efficiency by 30% by 2022 and targets for other

cooling appliances as well

  • Additional 15% improvement for major cooling products by 2030

32

Largest AC Market in the World

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SLIDE 33

33

New Room AC Standard: Among the most ambitious in the world

Source: LBNL 2020

  • Annual CO2 emissions will fall by ~100

MMT/year in 2030

  • Equivalent to taking 2-3 dozen 500MW

powerplants off the grid

Minimum Energy Efficiency Value

?

Source: CNIS 2020

Historical MEPS Level

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SLIDE 34

34

New Room AC Standard: Among the most ambitious in the world

Im Improves proves energy nergy effic fficien iency cy by by an n ave verage rage of

  • f 15

15%

  • Fixed-speed (FSD) and variable-speed (VSD) units

combined into one product category.

  • FSD Grade 5 (least efficient) are ~13-16% more

stringent compared to the previous FSD Grade 3

  • New standards apply to domestic sales only
  • UN United for Efficiency program “model” regulations for

any country to adopt AC standards as ambitious as China’s.

APF 5.0 APF 4.5 APF 4.0 APF 3.5 APF 3.3 VSD Grade 1 VSD Grade 2 VSD Grade 3 FSD Grade 1 FSD Grade 2 FSD Grade 3

Eliminated

Old Standard Ne New St Stan andar ard

Grade

Cooling capacity <4500 W

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SLIDE 35
  • Rapid development in additional

functions driven by need for product differentiation to avoid homogenous market competition or price wars

  • Focus on improving user’s

comfort and use experience

  • Promote industrial technology

upgrading and international competitiveness enhancement

35

Residential AC Development Trend

Basic Functions Health Comfort Intelligence

(e.g. air quality controls, air purification) (e.g. humidity and air flow controls) (e.g. sensing, temp controls, human-ma chine interaction)

  • Cooling
  • Heating
  • Additional functions in middle and high-end markets have become a major force in the growth of

the industry

  • Higher capacity products tend to have more additional functions
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SLIDE 36
  • Functions that tend to redu

duce ce energy consumption

  • Zonal air supply control, body sensing
  • Self cleaning
  • Functions that in

incr crease se energy consumption: fresh air supply, UV sterilization, dust filtration and removal

  • Low
  • w or
  • r no

no impact on energy consumption

  • Software based intelligent functions
  • Some increase in standby power consumption
  • Increases and decreases in energy consumption due to additional functions cannot be

reflected in product energy efficiency assessment based on current energy efficiency evaluation system

  • Strengthening the standardization of additional functions is recommended

36

NRDC Study on Impact of Additional Functions

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SLIDE 37
  • China’s Ministry of Ecology & Environment released a proposed update to its F-

gas law in May 2020, a domestic implementing law for the Kigali HFC phasedown

  • Expands scope of current ODS-focused law to include HFC quotas and other

controls, and strengthen the law more generally

  • Strengthens enforcement tools available to MEE and increases liability for

violations

  • Establishes national atmospheric monitoring for ODSs and HFCs
  • NRDC and others comment in favor of making data publicly available and more

37

Update on China’s Proposed F-gas Law

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SLIDE 38

Thank you! Any questions?

Contacts: ahillbrand@nrdc.org ctheodoridi@nrdc.org pmadan@nrdc.org myew@nrdc-china.org