COOL URBAN SPACES “STUPID CITIES” AND THE CASE OF MOBILITY th February Andrea Ian Iannone ilan, 26 th Mil ry, 2019
MAIN MESSAGES • HOW WE GOT TO WHERE WE ARE • PROBLEMS • WHAT LIES AHEAD 2
BOOM OF SEARCHES FOR “SMART CITIES” IN 2017 2004 2008 2012 2017 2019 Source: Google Trends 3
THE RISE OF CITIES… Number of f cit cities (m (metropolitan areas) wit ith more th than 10,000,000 in inhabitants, World EIGHT OF THE CITIES WITH MORE THAN 1OM PEOPLE ARE IN CHINA Source: World Bank 4
… AND OF AUTOMOBILES Source: Boston Consulting Group, 2017 5
NUMBER OF CARS EVERY 100 CIT ITIZENS, 2017 Source: Osservatorio Autopromotec 6
SHARE OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES, , EUROPE, 2018 Source: E-Mobility Report, Politecnico di Milano 7
WHEN ARE CIT ITIES GOOD? CONVENIENCE TO AGGLOMERATE ECONOMIES OF SCALE COSTS OF CONGESTION (AND COMPETITION) AND POLLUTION SIZE AS FOR THE NEW ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY (Krugman and Venables, Globalization and the inequality of Nations, 1995) 8
MAIN MESSAGES • HOW WE GOT TO WHERE WE ARE • PROBLEMS • WHAT LIES AHEAD 9
MORNING CONGESTION LEVEL, TOP TEN EUROPEAN CIT ITIES, , 2018 Source: Vision on TomTom data 10
DIS ISTRIBUTION OF AIR IR POLLUTANTS, , 2013 - 2014 2014 PM 2.5 PM 10 Source European Environment Agency NO 2 Ozone Indicator SOMO35 11
COST CALCULATIONS NUMBER OF COST OF CARS/CITIZEN EMISSIONS X + TOTAL COST PER CAR GAS COST X + NUMBER OF TIME CITIZENS Source: Vision & Value 12
ESTIMATED YEARLY COST PER CIT ITIZEN, , IT ITALY, , 2007 – 2008 (to update…) 2007 2008 Bologna Bari Florence Genoa Naples Palermo Venice Milan Rome Turin Source: Vision & Value, Traficless Cities: the Measurement and the «Solution» , 2009 www.visionandvalue.eu/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Traffic_less_cities.pdf 13
THE EFFECTS ON HEALTH AND WELL-BEING € 18.8 BL. (15%) Lung cancer had the Worldwide air pollution accounts 91% of world lives where air highest economic costs for 29% of deaths and disease quality levels exceed W.H.O. of overall cancer costs in from lung cancer limits the EU in 2009 (100% in 2018: 2.09 million) Sources: World Health Organization, Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, King's Health Partners Cancer Centre and Institute for Cancer Policy, King's College London, London, UK 14
PARKING – EVERYONE’S WORST NIGHTMARE FOR EVERY PARKING SPOT 2,5M YEARLY 30% OF CITY TRAFFIC IN EUROPE, THERE ARE TONS OF CO 2 ABOUT 6 CARS Sources: Donald Shoup (University of California, Los Angeles) and IBM, European Parking Agency and European Automobile Manufacturers' Association 15
MAIN MESSAGES • HOW WE GOT TO WHERE WE ARE • PROBLEMS • WHAT LIES AHEAD 16
MARKET SOLUTIONS Market-Priced Curbed Parking / More Underground Car Parks Congestion Charges Sources: Donald Shoup, The High Cost of Free Parking , American Planning Association, Routledge, 2005; European Parking Agency 17
WORLDWIDE KIL ILOMETRES OF OPERATING SUBWAYS IN CIT IN ITIES, , 2018 OTHER COUNTRIES 25% CHINA 34% 100% 16,339 km SOUTH KOREA S 6% SPAIN 3% RUSSIA 4% USA INDIA 10% ITALY 3% 2% GERMANY UK JAPAN 3% 4% 6% Source: Union International des Chemins Fer and International Association of Public Transport 18
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THE CIT ITIES OF THE FUTURE PROJECT (FIR IRST EDIT ITION 2019 - 2020) (t.b .b.c .c.) .) • SHARING ECONOMY AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO PROPERTY BASED PRODUCTION MODEL (BOCCONI ?) • PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY AS AN EVOLUTION OF REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY (LSE) • CIRCULAR ECONOMY AS A DIFFERENT CONSUMPTION PATTERN (PISA) • GLOBAL CITIES, GLOBAL GOVERNANCE (OXFORD) 20
THANK YOU! www.thinktank.vision andrea.iannone@vision-forum.org 21
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