National University National University National University of National University National University of National University National University of National University of of Laos of Laos of Laos of Laos Laos Laos Laos Laos Faculty of Forestry Faculty of Faculty of Forestry Faculty of Forestry Forestry Laos Case Study: Laos Case Study: Laos Case Study: Laos Case Study: Forest Forest Plantation Development and Forest Forest Plantation Development and Forest Forest Plantation Development and Forest Forest Plantation Development and Plantation Development and Plantation Development and Plantation Development and Plantation Development and Investment in Investment in Investment in Investment in Champasack Champasack Province, Champasack Champasack Province, Province, rovince, Southern Part Southern Part of Laos Southern Part Southern Part Southern Part of Laos Southern Part of Laos Southern Part Southern Part of Laos of Laos of Laos of Laos of Laos By By By By By By By By Phongxiong Wanneng Phongxiong Phongxiong Phongxiong Wanneng anneng anneng Content Content: Content Content: 1. Stu 1 S tudy concept d concept an and d d met methodology h d l h d l ogy 2. Draft report of data collection 2. Draft report of data collection 3. Future plan finalizing for case study 3. Future plan finalizing for case study and country reports and country reports
Lao PDR: what’s so special? Lao PDR contains some of last large wilderness areas remaining in Lao PDR contains some of last large wilderness areas 2 F Southeast Asia with only 236,800 km 2 : Forest cover, land and S remaining in Southeast Asia h i i A i i S i h h l 236 800 k A i l d d biodiversity • Low human population density (21/km 2 ; 188 Thailand, 236 Vietnam) • Hi h f High forest cover, 2010 t 2010 (40.3%; <20% Thailand, 22% Vietnam) Biodiversity “Hotspot” • • Annamite Mountains a te ou ta s • Most recent large mammal discoveries of the 20 th century!! Study concept/objectives The following research questions: 1 What are factors that will be caused to forest cover change ? 1. What are factors that will be caused to forest cover change ? 2. what are the potential, weakness and constraint of forest plantation development and investment?, 3. what is the need of human resource and policy development for forest plantation development and investment ? Specific objectives of this study are: 1) To assess the major factors to forest transition and cover change in the prospective of the socio-economic development and i h i f h i i d l d investment 2) To identify the potential, weakness and constraint of forest plantation management and investment including government plantation management and investment, including government policy
Triangulation Method g (Using of a multi-method approach) Archival records Documents Group interviews FACT FACT Participant Individual dept Observations Group interviews discussion discussion Data Processing and Analysis � Data collected from the survey were managed using MS Excel and STATA program. g g p g The data were displayed in percentage, means and as well as chart and table and as well as chart and table. � On the other hand secondary data from the � On the other hand, secondary data from the survey were compiled for qualitative (descriptive) analysis.
Results Results Back ground of Champasack Province Back ground of Champasack Province � Located in the southern part of Laos, � The total area of the province 1.535.000 Ha p � Two main parts of the province: flat land 74 % and mountous covers 26 % and mountous covers 26 % � Total population 642,785, female 326,926 � Population growth rate with 0 7%/year � Population growth rate with 0.7%/year
Social economic of Champasack Social ‐ economic of Champasack • GDP increase 9.8%/year GDP i 9 8%/ • Agriculture increase 3.4% • Industry increase 15 % Service 31% Agriculture • Services increase 16 % 42% • Income/person 1,097$ Industry • Poverty rate reduced Poverty rate reduced 27% 27% 25% in 2006 to 2.1% Average income/person/year Average income/person/year 1200 ) n/year ($ 1000 e/person 800 800 600 e income 400 200 200 Average 0 A 06 07 08 09 10 2005-200 2006-200 2007-200 2008-200 2009-201
Total 1 otal 114 14 domestic and international projects domestic and international projects 60 ojects) 50 50 ber (pro 40 ent num 30 Domestic International 20 20 nvestme 10 In 0 Cash crops Animal Forest Forest Total value tal value investment investment, Cham , , Champasack Province p p asack Province Domestic investment (S) 41,203,411 International investment ($) $ 227,716,255
Total land tal land concession concession, Cham , , Champasack Province p p asack Province Domestic investment 5,577 (Ha) International investment 33 533 (Ha) 33,533 (Ha) Detail investment projects in Champasack Province Detail investment projects in Champasack Province C C Cap apit i ital i it l i l inves i nvestmen t ment t t No. No. Land Land Investment types Investment types (USA) (USA) concession ncession Districts District Invest Invest (crop (crop, animal, forest) animal, forest) ments ments (Ha (Ha) To Total Registration Registration value value value value value value value value Pakse Pakse 7 Crop Crop 2, ani 2, animal 4, fore l 4, forest1 st1 7,12 ,122,800 897, 897,430 147 147 Sanasom Sanasomboum boum 2 cro rop 2 p 2, , 1,150 , 150,765 , 765 961,945 , 945 176 Ba Bachieng chieng 18 Crop 6 op 6, a animal mal 8 8, forest 4 rest 4 99,794,995 9,794,995 29,822,038 ,822,038 31,612 ,612 Pa Paksong Paksong Pa ong ong 57 57 57 57 Crop Crop Crop 51 Crop 51 51 ani 51, ani animal 3, forest animal 3 forest forest3 forest3 104 104,136 104 136 104 136,625 136 625 625 625 63,612 63 612 63 63 612,220 612 220 220 220 10 424 10 10 10,424 424 424 Pa Pakthoumphone houmphone 17 Cropp7, a pp7, animal1, f mal1, forest 9 rest 9 11,374,734 1,374,734 6,087,585 087,585 2,395 395 Phonthong Phonthong Phonthong Phonthong 1 1 crop crop1 crop1, crop 257 257,780 257 257 780 780 780 257 780 257 257 257,780 780 780 100 100 100 100 Champasak ampasak 0 0 0 0 0 So Soukhama ukhama 3 Crop 2 p 2, a animal mal 0 0, f forest1 rest1 5,527,950 ,527,950 300,000 00,000 222 Mounpaphok ounpaphok 3 crop2, a rop2, animal 0 mal 0, forest 1 rest 1 6,200,439 ,200,439 3,643,732 643,732 1,334 334 Khong Kh ong 6 Crop 3 p 3, a animal mal 0 0, f forest 3 rest 3 33,353,578 3,353,578 12,953,130 ,953,130 2,700 700 Total: tal: 114 Crop76, animal16, forest22 rop76, animal16, forest22 268,919,666 68,919,666 118,353,860 8,353,860 49,1 ,110 10
Forest plantation Forest plantation investment investment � 22 projects with 25,173 Ha: rubber tree, teak, eucalyptus bb k l and other species � Total land concession from the government 35 096 Ha government 35,096 Ha � 8 domestic projects, with land 1,069 Ha � � 14 International projects, 14 International projects with land 34,027 Ha Potential factors of Champasack p � Locate in the southern part of Laos, which has border linking with 4 countries: China, Vietnam, Thailand and Cambodia � Still rich for natural resources: forest, mineral and large area compared to other Provinces � 4000 Mekong islands and water fall, which have a great potential for tourism � Better place for agriculture and forest plantation investments as its large and good soil � Good governance and clear policy supporting for both domestic and international investments
Constraint of the Champasack p � High competition for products and trading with other high technology countries: China, Vietnam and Thailand � Lack of good quality staff in term of social ‐ economic planning and assessment � Lack of law enforcement for plan implementing and monitoring Earlier draft of country report Earlier draft of country report � History of forest cover change � Hi t f f t h � Main driver factors to forest cover changed � Main driver factors to forest cover changed � Major factors driving to forest transition to j g 2020 based on Laos strategy � Some data preparing for the report � some draft recommendation for the report
Forest and land use cover change Strategy to 2020 • Sources data: FIPD, DOF, MAF THE DRIVERS OF THE DRIVERS OF DEFORESTATION DEGRADATION 1.Unrecorded/unr eported/ Illegal eported/ Illegal logging 2. Shifting 3. Clearance for cultivation agriculture large agriculture, large (commercial) & small scale small scale (farmers) 4. Hydro- 5 Mining 5. Mining power projects
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