Connecting The Wor orld's Tallest Mountain The Evolution Of Netw - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Connecting The Wor

The Evolution Of Netw

• rld's Tallest Mountain

tworking On Mauna Kea

CENIC 2009 Alan Whinery

• U. Hawaii ITS

Gloss

HP = Hale Pohaku (Sto

lodging for transient sta

IfA – UHM Institute for A

UH and NASA IRTF tel

UHM – UH Manoa in H UHM – UH Manoa in H

Hale Pohaku 1991

ssary

tone House): mid-level taff r Astronomy: operator of elescopes Honolulu Honolulu

Geo Ori rientation

Mauna Kea (W

Dormant shield volcano 13,803 feet (4,207 m) abo

sea level

33,476 feet (10,203 m) tall Summit:

Alpine desert Aeolian ecosystem

Lower:

Mamane forest

White Mountain)

• ve

all

Working environ

Air density/pressure - rou

increases heart and respi causes increase in red blo increases blood pH (more

redirects blood flow to bra

redirects blood flow to bra … at the expense of dige impaired cognition, reduc reduced pain, hunger, thir tunnel vision, vertigo, pan ear/nose/sinus congestion makes it extremely hard t

• nment at 4200m
• ughly 60% of sea level

piration rates blood cell production re basic) rain and lungs rain and lungs estive and muscular systems ced visual acuity, sensitivity hirst response anic attacks can occur ion can be serious to sleep

Working environ

air humidity often in single d

(remember reduced thirst resp

− hydration needs to occur withou

dehydration of skin requires m Electronics hate low humidity, Electronics hate low humidity,

When it's inclement, it's real

high winds freezing cold snow (binding & blinding)

But generally, weather is ver

• nment at 4200m

digit % RH

sponse??)

• ut thirst

s management ty, since it means high ESD ty, since it means high ESD

lly inclement ery nice.

Traversing Th

Original saddle road built by

Army, 1942

Original summit road dozed

1963

45 road miles from Hilo Airp

summit (22 crow miles) summit (22 crow miles)

37 miles from Hilo to HP are

and steep, gaining 9200 ft. elevation

8 miles from HP to Summit g

4400 ft more.

The Wilderness

by U.S. d in rport to re rough it gain

High Altitude

Examples of life above 10

Wkiu (summit) bug (disco lycosid spiders

High alpine desert life is s Multiple endangered spec Multiple endangered spec

competitors present

loss of habitat is a concer Eco-systems below 10,00

apparent, and face many various land uses includin

e Wildlife

10,000'

covered 1979)

s sparse, but delicate ecies, and introduced

Photo: Karl Magnacca

ecies, and introduced ern 000' are much more y challenges from ding astronomy

Sacred Haw

Hawaiian belief and tra

summit area as sacred, deities

Many other cultural asp

Many other cultural asp Kea

waiian Places

radition regards the d, and home to various spects are linked to Mauna spects are linked to Mauna

Mauna Kea O

Planetary Patrol 24” (Removed for Gemini) Air Force 24” UHM 88 inch (to be removed for PanSTARRS Canada-France Hawaii Telescope NASA Infrared Telescope Facility UK Infrared Telescope John Clerk Maxwell Telescope Caltech Submillimeter Observatory Caltech Submillimeter Observatory NRAO VLBA Keck I Keck II Gemini North Subaru N.A.O. Japan Smithsonian Millimeter Array

Observatories

1970 1970 RS) 1970 1979 1979 1979 1987 1988 1988 1992 1993 1996 1999 2000 2000

Connectivi

Remote observing Image size Observing methods an

Automation changes the

Automation changes the Consider automated sur

images (i.e. Pan-STARR

The Internet/Digital Life

ivity Drivers

and work flow

e way observers observe e way observers observe urvey programs with big RS, 2.8 GB images)

ifestyle

Connectivity

• Observatories are on a mo

middle of the Pacific Ocean

• 45 miles of road with no ad

through protected wilderne

• Distances made MM fiber i
• Distances made MM fiber i
• Initially, availability of equip

expensive pain-in-the-<nec

• Equipment failure rate som

(this is my opinion).

• Checked baggage syndrome

ity Challenges

• stly-rural island in the

an adjacent infrastructure, ess r impractical r impractical ipment made SM fiber an eck> mewhat higher at the summit

e possibly a factor

Remote O

Controlling the instrume Quick output evaluation Controlling the telescop

Telescope operator at su

Telescope operator at su

Requires availability/fun

Observing

ent

• n
• pe

summit summit

unctionality

Image Size

Graph:G. Luppino

Evolution Of MK

1969 – RFC 1 publishe

constructed (operationa

UH 88” is an early exam

controlled telescope

Astronomy uses photog

Astronomy uses photog

Voice is by VHF mobile

1982 – first CCD image

beginning of RFI fears

1983 - Hlivak, Colucci t

summit by truck.

KO Connectivity

hed; 3 observatories nal in 1970)

ample of a computer-

• graphic plates
• graphic plates

ile telephone/radios

ger on Mauna Kea i transport first hard disk to

Evolution Of MKO

1980's – GTE Hawaiian Te

at summit, makes POTS an available

1987 – JCMT/CSO sub-mil

concerns about RFI

3/1987 – UHM Initial 9600 b

9/1988 – UHM IP connectio

9/1988 – UHM IP connectio 1989 – CFHT gets 14.4 kbp

microwave to UHM

1/1991 -

Acceptance of G

interconnects 4 telescopes, H

site, 3 miles south of HP.

Includes IfA-owned strands, All RF emitters banned from

O Connectivity(2)

elephone places microwave and lease-able data circuits illimeter instruments add to 0 bps IP connection tion is 512 kbps tion is 512 kbps bps leased line via summit GTE-built SM fiber plant

s, HP and Humu'ula microwave s, and GTE-owned strands. m summit

Evolution Of MKO

7/1991 – MKO FDDI opera

Internet connectivity is still 1 Use of singlemode fiber req

12/1991 – UHM link to mai 1/1992 –T1 operational fro 1/1992 –T1 operational fro

Several telescopes obtain su

1995 - Remote observing s

videoconferencing systems

12/1996 – UHM mainland l

Reliability disagreeable

KO Connectivity(3)

rational

l 14.4 kbps via CFHT quired MM/SM converters

ainland upgraded to T1 rom HP to Manoa rom HP to Manoa

summit-to-base links

starts, mostly using turnkey ms d link to 6.144 Mbps

Evolution of MKO

• 9/1997 - Fiber from HP
• Some summit to base lin
• 3/1998 – Planned imple

stars places new require network for traffic contro network for traffic contro Network loss with multip

• bserving time.
• 4/1998 – Upgrade of UH

10.752 Mbps

• 8/1998 – summit microw

O Connectivity(4)

P to Hilo is completed

links are upgraded to DS3

lementation of laser guide irements on summit trol and aircraft detection. trol and aircraft detection. ltiple LGS will mean loss of HM mainland link to

• wave shut down

Laser Guide

Photo:Paul Hirst

e Star (LGS)

Evolution of MKO

• 11/1998 – UHM mainland l
• 12/1998 – OC3 ATM netwo
• 5/1999 – UH 10 Mbps ATM

Abilene/Internet2, courtesy

• 3/2000 – DS3 ATM links fr
• 3/2000 – DS3 ATM links fr

Hilo to Summit

• 6/2000 – FDDI turned off; O
• 6/2001 – pervasive wireles

prohibiting 802.11 at the su phones

O Connectivity(5)

link to DS3

• rk on summit operational

M PVC set up to sy DREN from UHM to Hilo and from from UHM to Hilo and from ; OSPF turned on ss laptop NICs leads to policy summit, as well as cell

Evolution of MKO

• 12/2001 - Multiple LGS
• 1/2002 - U. Hawaii inter

reaches Hilo/MKO

• 7/2005 – Observatories
• 7/2005 – Observatories

system for 3-day Deep I Peak usage is 18 video,

• n impact day.
• 12/2005 - Link from Hilo

100 Mbps

O Connectivity(6)

S operational on summit er-island OC3 network s use UHM conference s use UHM conference p Impact virtual meeting.

• , 5 phone participants,

ilo to Summit upgraded to

Evolution of MKO

• 4/2007 – Summit netwo

GigE

• 11/2007 – SX Transpor

Big Island for MKO, with and LA and LA

• 1/2008 - Link from Hilo

O Connectivity(7)

• rk changed from ATM to
• rt system drops 1 GE to

ith connections to Sydney

• to Summit to GigE