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Congrs du GRCI 5 dcembre 2018 Dr David ATTIAS Centre Cardiologique - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Congrs du GRCI 5 dcembre 2018 Dr David ATTIAS Centre Cardiologique du Nord, Saint-Denis Disclosures Dr David Attias Exposs scientifiques rmunrs : BMS, Boeringher- Ingelheim, Servier, MSD, Abbott Board scientifique :


  1. Congrès du GRCI 5 décembre 2018 Dr David ATTIAS Centre Cardiologique du Nord, Saint-Denis

  2. Disclosures Dr David Attias  Exposés scientifiques rémunérés : BMS, Boeringher- Ingelheim, Servier, MSD, Abbott  Board scientifique : Novartis, BMS  Proctoring: Abbott  Consulting: Highlife

  3. Valve Tricuspide (VT): « la valve oubliée »  Peu étudiée pendant des décennies (≠ valves aortique ou mitrale)  Atteinte évaluée sur le degré d’Insuffisance Tricuspide (IT) ++ = pathologie la + fréquente affectant la VT  Regain d’intérêt:  Prévalence de l’IT (>1.5 millions de personnes aux USA)  Gravité potentielle  Nécessité d’une prise en charge adaptée / spécifique  Développement des traitements percutanés

  4. Prevalence of TR : Tricusid regurgitation is a common finding

  5. Prevalence of TR in the General Population (The Framingham Heart Study) 100 3589 participants, 1696 men and 1893 women 90 80 Mitral regurgitation 70 Tricuspid regurgitation 60 % 50 40 30 20 10 0  Moderate None or trace Mild Sing et al AJC 1999; 83: 897-902

  6. Prevalence and severity increase with age 30 Mild TR 25 Moderate TR 20 % 15 10 5 0 <40 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-83 AGE (years) Sing AJC 1999; 83: 897-902

  7. Prevalence of TR in patients with LV dysfunction 80 1421 patients with LVEF < 35% 70 Mitral regurgitation 60 Tricuspid regurgitation % 50 40 30 20 10 0 None or mild Moderate Severe Koelling Am Heart Journal 2002; 144: 524-9

  8. Is Tricuspid Regurgitation Bad ?

  9. TR Grade and Survival in Patients with LV dysfunction 1 1421 patients with LVEF < 35% 0.9 TR (and MR) independent predictor of mortality 0.8 0.7 SURVIVAL 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 None or mild TR 0.2 Moderate TR P = 0.003 0.1 Severe TR 0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 DAYS Koelling Am Heart Journal 2002; 144: 524-9

  10. TR Grade and Survival 5507 patients, echocardiography at Veterans Centers 1 0.9 No TR 0.8 Mild TR 0.7 SURVIVAL 0.6 Moderate TR 0.5 0.4 Severe TR 0.3 0.2 P <0.001 0.1 0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 DAYS Severe TR is associated with a poor prognosis, independent of age, biventricular systolic function, RV size, and dilation of the inferior vena cava. Nath JACC 2004; 43: 405-9

  11. L’IT est associée à une morbi-mortalité importante   ° des symptômes Asthé nie, anorexie, ascite, foie cardiaque, OMI   ° des capacités fonctionnelles Durée de l’effort  , consommation d’oxygène  Groves PH et al. Br Heart J 1991  FDR indépendant d’insuffisance cardiaque Ruel M et al. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2004  FDR indépendant de décès Henein MY et al. J Heart Valve Dis 2003

  12. Is TR Cause or Marker of impaired Prognosis?

  13. Clinical Situations Severe isolated TR A. 1. Without previous left-sided surgery 2. After previous surgery B. Left-sided surgery 1. Severe TR 2. Moderate TR 3. No or mild TR

  14. Tricuspid Flail – A Model of Isolated Severe Organic TR

  15. ts TRICUSPID FLAILS MITRAL FLAILS Idiopathic Degenerative 15% Traumatic iatrogenic 77% 32% Other Traumatic 3% non iatrogenic Endocarditis 2% 8% Idiopathic 1% Degenerative 12% Endocarditis 20% Traumatic non iatrogenic 30%

  16. IT traumatique

  17. IT sur endocardite

  18. Population  60 patients  Mean age: 51 ± 26 years  Men: 62%  Right ventricular enlargement: 35 (58%)  Asymptomatic: 26 (43%)  Atrial fibrillation  History: 40%  At presentation: 25% Messika-Zeitoun JTCS 2004; 128: 296-302

  19. Messika-Zeitoun JTCS 2004; 128: 296-302

  20. Impact of TR on Outcome Messika-Zeitoun JTCS 2004; 128: 296-302

  21. Effect on outcomes of right-sided chambers enlargement 100 Severe enlargement of right cavities P < 0.01 HR: 1.76, p=0.02 80 89 ± 9 Event (%) 60 39 ± 11 40 Non-severe 20 enlargement of right cavities 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 Years after diagnosis Messika-Zeitoun JTCS 2004; 128: 296-302

  22. Clinical Situations Severe isolated TR A. 1. Without previous left-sided surgery 2. After previous surgery B. Left-sided surgery 1. Severe TR 2. Moderate TR 3. No or mild TR

  23. « «

  24. (46%) had previous left-sided valve surgery Operative mortality 10% Predictive factors of post-op outcome - Age / Charlson - NYHA class III-IV - Right ventricular function

  25. Predictive factors of post-op outcome - Hemoglobin - Renal function - Liver function - Right ventricle size - Residual TR

  26. Pronostic de la chirurgie tricuspide isolée  Toutes les chirurgies tricuspides isolées en France entre 2013 et 2014:  241 patients: • 84 annuloplasties et 157 RVT • 20% d’endocardite et 20% d’antécédent de chirurgie valvulaire du coeur gauche  Mortalité hospitalière: 10%  Complications majeures post-opératoire (décès, dialyse, ECMO): 19%  Déterminant de la mortalité hospitalière: Insuffisance cardiaque pré-op  Déterminants des complications majeures post-opératoire : Présentation clinique et stade avancé de la maladie (Insuffisance cardiaque, atteinte hépatique, insuffisance rénale)  70% de survie à 1an, 62% de survie à 5ans Patients adressés trop tard au chirurgien Dreyfus J et al. AJC, 2018

  27. Clinical Situations Severe isolated TR A. 1. Without previous left-sided surgery 2. After previous surgery B. Left-sided surgery 1. Severe TR 2. Moderate TR 3. No or mild TR

  28. Does the treatment of left-sided disease cure the TR?

  29. TR Resolution post Mitral Valve Commissurotomy Trace or Mild TR 100 Moderate TR 90 80 Severe TR 70  Resolution in 32% 60 %  Independent predictors: 50 40 – TR jet area before PBMV 30 – Decrement of peak mitral 20 gradient after PBMV (=success of the procedure) 10 0 Pre-PBMV Post-PBMV SONG AHJ 2003; 145:371-6

  30. Corriger la valvulopathie du cœur gauche ne résout pas l’atteinte valvulaire du cœur droit L’IT ne diminue pas après correction de la valvulopathie mitrale  chirurgie valvulaire mitrale isolée Simon R et al. Circulation 1980

  31. Clinical Situations Severe isolated TR A. 1. Without previous left-sided surgery 2. After previous surgery B. Left-sided surgery 1. Severe TR 2. Moderate TR 3. No or mild TR

  32. TR after Mitral Valve Surgery 100  174 patients with isolated N=28 N=17 90 mitral valve surgery and 80 TR grade ≤ 2/4 70 N=11  1/3 third of non corrected 60 % moderate TR developed 50 severe TR 40 Trace or Mild TR 30 Moderate TR Severe TR 20 10 Multivariate analysis identified preoperative 2+ TR, 0 Pre-op Fup: 8.2 y atrial fibrillation, and huge left atrium as statistically significant predictors for late TR after surgery. MATSUYAMA Ann Thor Surg 2003

  33. Clinical Situations Severe isolated TR A. 1. Without previous left-sided surgery 2. After previous surgery B. Left-sided surgery 1. Severe TR 2. Moderate TR 3. No or mild TR

  34. Could I feel safe in the absence of TR?

  35. Development of TR late after Left-sided Valve Surgery 4 P< 0.001  163 patients with isolated 3 mitral valve repair (mainly TR grade degenerative MR) and TR 2.1 ± 1.0 grade < 2/4 2  Fup at 5 years  49 patients with grade 3 or 4/4 1 0.4 ± 0.5 TR increased by more than two grades in 0 48% of the patients in patients treated by MVR MVR + TA mitral valve repair alone DREYFUS Ann Thor Surg 2005

  36. Determinants of late significant TR (grade 3+/4+) - Age - Female gender - AF 7.7% - Post S-PAP - Rheumatic etiology

  37. How to better assess the risk of occurrence of severe TR after left-valve surgery?

  38. IT secondaire ou fonctionnelle Mascherbauer J et al. Shiran A and Sagie A, JACC 2009 Eur Heart J. 2010

  39. Dilatation AT = marqueur diagnostique + précoce  Pas de mesure pré-opératoire standardisée  Chirurgie = « gold-standard »  Atriotomie droite systématique à visée diagnostique chez tous les patients opérés de valvulopathie mitrale  Annuloplastie tricuspide - si diamètre MAXIMAL (« étiré ») de l’AT CHIRURGICAL  70mm Commissure Commissure antéro-postérieure antéro-septale - indépendamment - des mesures du diamètre de l’AT en ETT et - du degré d’IT Dreyfus GD et al. Ann Thorac Surg 2005

  40. A Strategy Based on Annulus Diameter Measurement P=0.45 10 ≥ 70 mm < 70 mm 2 P< 0.001 NYHA class 1.5 1.6 ± 0.8 Mitral valve repair + Isolated Mitral valve 1 tricuspid annuloplasty 1.1 ± 0.3 repair N=148 N=163 0.5 0 MVR MVR + TA DREYFUS Ann Thor Surg 2005

  41. Dilatation AT = marqueur diagnostique + précoce  311 patients ayant chirurgie de la VM (65% dégénératifs, 11% rhumatismaux)  48% RVM + plastie tricuspide 10   ° IT   ° capacités fonctionnelles 88% 37% 0,7% Dreyfus GD et al. Ann Thorac Surg 2005

  42. Mesures de l’AT en ETT -2D  A4C la plus faisable (P<0,001) PSGCD:76%, PSGPA:65%, A4C:92%, SC:73%  A4C la plus reproductible (intra- et inter-observateur)  Mesures statistiquement différentes entre les 4 incidences Dreyfus J et al. Circulation CVI 2015

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