Cocoa GUI programming with Cocoa Objective-C Demo: GUI-based - - PDF document

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Cocoa GUI programming with Cocoa Objective-C Demo: GUI-based - - PDF document

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Last Week... Music 120: Introduction to IDE (briefly) Audio/Multimedia App. VST Plug-in (also briefly) Programming Week #5 - 10/23/2006, Part I CCRMA, Department of Music Stanford University 10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

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SLIDE 1

Music 120: Introduction to Audio/Multimedia App. Programming

Week #5 - 10/23/2006, Part I CCRMA, Department of Music Stanford University

10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Last Week...

  • IDE (briefly)
  • VST Plug-in (also briefly)

10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Today...

  • HW1 review
  • VST SDK: Xcode projects
  • GUI programming with Cocoa
  • Objective-C
  • Demo: GUI-based Stk app.

Xcode / Interface Builder / StkX

  • Assignment #2

10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Cocoa

10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Cocoa Is Many Things

  • It’s a runtime environment

Dynamic dispatch is fundamental

  • It’s a user interface framework

Events, views, buttons, sliders and so on

  • It’s a development framework

A collection of reusable and extendable objects

(c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc. 10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Using Cocoa

  • GUI (Graphical User Interface) applications
  • Command-line tools
  • Plug-ins
  • Even device drivers!

(c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc.

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SLIDE 2

10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Cocoa Applications

Mail Safari iChat Photo Booth Automator iPhoto Keynote Aperture IB

(c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc. 10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Mach BSD 4.4 IOKit File Systems Open Source Core Foundation Carbon Core CFNetwork Web Services Quartz (2D) OpenGL (3D) QuickTime Cocoa Carbon Classic Java

Mac OS X Architecture

Kernel - Darwin Core Services Application Services Frameworks

(c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc. 10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Cocoa Architecture

Frameworks Application Kit

Aqua Elements Application Runtime UI Widgets

Foundation Kit

Utility Classes Collection Classes Object Wrappers for OS Services (c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc. 10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

GUI Programming with Cocoa

10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Basic Tools

  • Xcode

coding building debugging

  • Interface Builder

user-interface design basic connections between objects

10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Xcode

  • “Wizard” helps you create new projects

no Harry Potter this

  • Best to stick with Xcode-defaults

in new projects for now

except StkX

  • Don’t let the complexity overwhelm you

(c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc.

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SLIDE 3

10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Xcode (cont’d)

  • Programming in 4 easy(?) steps!

Edit your code Specify how your code is compiled and linked Build and run your code Debug your code

10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Interface Builder

  • Lays out and connects user-interface

elements

Target/action Outlets Bindings

  • Edits nib files

A nib file a collection of archived objects (your user interface) stored on disk

(c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc. 10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Objective-C

10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Objective-C

  • A very simple language, but some new

syntax

  • Strict superset of C
  • Single inheritance

classes inherit from one and only one superclass

  • Dynamic runtime

(c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc. 10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Why ObjC?

  • Exposure to other languages is always

good

  • A language focused on simplicity

and the elegance of OO design

  • Concepts in Objective C are applicable to

any other OOP language

(c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc. 10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

typedef struct { } Person;

Class Interfaces (C)

char *name; int age; float weight; void printName(Person *person);

(c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc.

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SLIDE 4

10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Methods

@interface { } @end

Class Interfaces (ObjC)

char *name; int age; float weight;

  • (void)printName;

Person:NSObject

Instance Variables

(c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc. 10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

person->name); void printName(Person *person)

Implementations (C)

{ printf (“Name: %s\n”, }

(c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc. 10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

  • (void)printName

Implementations (ObjC)

name); Person { printf (“Name: %s\n”, } @implementation @end

(c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc. 10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

ObjC Files

@interface Person:NSObject { char *name; int age; float weight; }

  • (void)printName;

@end

Person.h

@implementation Person

  • (void)printName

{ printf (stderr, "Name: %s\n", name); } @end

Person.m

(c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc. 10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Messaging Syntax

  • Calling a method called “doSomething”

[ ];

C Function: doSomething(anObject); C++ or Java: anObject.doSomething(); ObjC: anObject

doSomething

(c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc. 10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Messaging Syntax

  • Calling a method “divide” with arguments

C Function: divide(arg1, arg2); C++ or Java: obj.divide(arg1, arg2);

[obj ]; arg2 by:

ObjC: divide:

arg1

  • (float)divide:(float)arg1 by:(float)arg2;

Selector: divide:by:

(c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc.

slide-5
SLIDE 5

10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

String Constants

  • In C constant strings are

“simple”

  • In ObjC, constant strings are

@“just as simple”

  • Constant strings are NSString instances

(c) Paul Marcos, Apple Computer Inc. 10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

More ObjC Info?

  • Cocoa Programming for Mac OS X (Ch. 3)

by Aaron Hillegass

  • ADC document

http://developer.apple.com/documentation/ Cocoa/Conceptual/ObjectiveC

10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Demo!

10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

More Cocoa...?

  • CS193E

taught by Apple engineers

  • Cocoa Programming for Mac OS X (Ch. 3)

by Aaron Hillegass

  • ADC document

http://developer.apple.com/documentation/ Cocoa/

10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Assignment #2 Due 11/17/06

10/23/06, Music 120, CCRMA, Stanford

Truth of A2

  • VST plug-ins:

start from templates add more features step by step

  • GUI-based applications:

extend your A1 by add some GUI communication between UI and functions

  • For both:

experience with IDE