CLASSIFYING LIVING ORGANISMS
CLASSIFICATION UNIT VOCAB 1. Classification – the process of grouping similar things together 2. Kingdom – a major, large group of similar organisms 3. Species – a unique kind of organism 4. Vertebrate - animal with a backbone 5. Invertebrate - an animal without a backbone 6. Taxonomy – the science of classification 7. Genus – a number of similar, closely related species
LINNAEUS’S SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gj15UF08lUI Brain Pop classification
CLASSIFICATION UNIT VOCAB #8-12: 8. Carl Linnaeus – 18 th century Swedish scientist who developed the two name classification system we use today 9. Binomial nomenclature – classification system giving each organism two names, a genus and species name (ex. Homo sapiens) 10. Homo sapiens - the scientific name for humans 11. Animal - living organisms that can breathe and move, are multi-celled, and cannot make their own food 12. Plants - contain chlorophyll to make their own food, have multiple cells and cellulose, can't move
CLASSIFICATION UNIT VOCAB #13-19 13. Monerans – simple, singled celled organisms that don’t have a membrane bound nucleus (bacteria) 14. Protists – single celled organisms that have a nucleus (algae, amoebas, diatoms) 15. Fungi – multicellular organisms that have a nucleus and absorb the organism that it is growing on (mushrooms, yeast, and molds) 16. Spores - single reproductive cells which grow into a new plant 17. Metabolize - chemical processes in cells that are essential to life 18. Autotrophs – organisms that can make their own food 19. Heterotrophs – organisms that can’t make their own food
THE 5 KINGDOMS 1. Plants 2. Animals 3. Fungi 4. Protists 5. Monerans
Plant Kingdom • Some plants have vascular tissue (transport tubes) in roots, stems, and leaves. Vascular tissue carries water and nutrients • Some plants are nonvascular • Absorb water directly through the surface of their cells • 3 types of nonvascular plants are: mosses , liverworts , and hornworts
More on the awesome Plant Kingdom • Some plants don’t make seeds to reproduce, they grow from spores (like ferns) • Flowering plants make seeds inside a fruit • Non flowering plants make seeds in cones (coniferous or cone bearing) like pine, spruce, and fir trees
ANIMAL KINGDOM – VERTEBRATES 1. Mammals -warm blooded, produce milk for young, skin covered in hair, give live birth 4. Amphibians -cold blooded, Monkeys, mice, whales, kangaroos, adults have lungs & gills, people moist skin (no scales), lay eggs, young breathe with gills, 2. Reptiles -cold blooded, live in warm frogs, toads, salamanders places, have lungs, lay leathery eggs, dry scaly skin 5. Birds -warm blooded, hollow Snakes, lizards, alligators, bones, lay eggs, feathers, covered in feathers, hollow crocodiles, turtles bones, two legs and two 3. Fish -cold blooded, aquatic animals wings, lay eggs with gills, rubbery skeletons, lay eggs ostriches, chickens fish, sharks, eels
ANIMAL KINGDOM - INVERTEBRATES 1. Sponges -no body openings, 4. Arthropods -bodies divided into live in water segments, legs with several joints, exoskeleton, (largest subgroup) 2. Worms -two body openings, Insects (largest group of animals on simple nervous system land), spiders, crabs, lobsters, scorpions, Flatworms, roundworms, centipedes, millipedes segmented worms 5. Echinoderms -external skeletons, 5 3. Mollusks -soft bodies, 3 body body parts parts (head, body, foot) Starfish, sea urchin, sea cucumber, Clams, oysters, squid, octopus, sand dollar snails
ANIMAL KINGDOM: VERTEBRATES AND INVERTEBRATES Textbook pages 104-107 1.Create a table that lists: the 5 classes of vertebrates, characteristics of each, and an example of the animal in the class. • mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish 2.Create a table the lists: the 5 classes of invertebrates, characteristics of each, and an example of the animal in the class. • sponges, worms, mollusks, echinoderms, arthropods
FUNGI • Multi-celled organisms • Heterotrophs (absorb food from living or dead organisms) • Live off dead of living organisms (like dead trees)- decomposers • Examples: mushrooms, molds, mildew, & yeast (single-celled fungi) Fungi Video 14:43
PROTISTS • Single celled organisms • Eukaryotes (have a nucleus) • Some are heterotrophs, some are autotrophs • Examples: fungi, protozoa, amoeba, algae, blue-green algae, diatoms Protist Video 3:11
MONERANS • Smallest & most numerous of earth’s organisms • Simple, singled celled organisms • Prokaryotes (don’t have a nucleus) • Heterotrophs AND Autotrophs • Examples: bacteria & viruses Fun Fact! The total number of bacteria living in Bacteria are the most numerous your mouth is organisms on earth & live greater than the EVERYWHERE number of people (even where nothing wants to live!) who have ever have lived!
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